| 1. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
|
|
| 2. |
- Qian, Chen, et al.
(författare)
-
Understanding herdsmen's rangeland rent-in behaviour under current rural land tenure system of China
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Ecological Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-8009 .- 1873-6106. ; 196
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current rural land tenure system in China, characterized by the so-called “separation of three rights”, i.e., the division and parallel of collective ownership, household contract right and transferable management right, provides a solid legal basis for rangeland transfer, which is deemed crucial for addressing a range of sustainability challenges. Drawn on the theory of planned behaviour and applying structural equation modelling to analyse a survey dataset, we investigate the effects of cognitive antecedents, and their possible interactions, on herdsmen's intention and behaviour in regards to rangeland rent-in. Our results show that the most important antecedent is subjective attitude, mainly influenced by herders' economic rationality regarding scale operation and expected benefit. This is followed by perceived behavioural control, in turn largely affected by herders' familiarity with policies and access to transaction information. Finally, subjective norms influenced by the opinions of relatives and friends are weighted stronger than those of authorities. Positive correlations are also found between the three antecedents. The findings are improving our understanding of factors influencing herders' heterogeneous responses in regards to rangeland rental, and can help inform policy interventions to harness individuals' psychology in the development of more prosperous rangeland transfer systems in pastoral regions of China.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bodin, Örjan, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
A network perspective of human-nature interactions in dynamic and fast-changing landscapes
- 2023
-
Ingår i: National Science Review. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2095-5138 .- 2053-714X. ; 10:7
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reviewing and synthesizing how an interdisciplinary network perspective can inform on governance and adaptation processes in regions undergoing rapid social-, economical-, and environmental changes. Increasing and intensifying the use of land represents a prominent sustainability challenge of particular importance in regions undergoing rapid change while at the same time exhibiting large natural and anthropocentrically induced variability. To reconcile the needs for both human prosperity and healthy ecosystems, a more integrated understanding of key biophysical and adaptation processes is paramount in such dynamic and deeply entangled social and environmental contexts. Interdisciplinary research utilizing a network perspective provides a novel methodological and theoretical approach to that end. We review and synthesize recent network-centric studies, and use this network perspective to show how rangeland managers in a dynamic pastoral region in the Qinghai Province of China form social relationships based on geographic proximity, social status and shared grazing areas. The results indicate that adaption to biophysical and socioeconomic changes is partly a social process in that rangeland managers develop their adaptive capacity jointly and in concert with others they trust and with whom they share grazing areas. Avenues for further development of this network perspective, in terms of how it might contribute important new insights about how to sustainably use land in dynamic landscapes undergoing rapid change, are suggested.
|
|
| 4. |
- Chen, Dongliang, et al.
(författare)
-
The Scanner of Heterogeneous Traffic Flow in Smart Cities by an Updating Model of Connected and Automated Vehicles
- 2022
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print). - : IEEE. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 23:12, s. 25361-25370
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problems of traditional traffic flow detection and calculation methods include limited traffic scenes, high system costs, and lower efficiency over detecting and calculating. Therefore, in this paper, we presented the updating Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) model as the scanner of heterogeneous traffic flow, which uses various sensors to detect the characteristics of traffic flow in several traffic scenes on the roads. The model contains the hardware platform, software algorithm of CAV, and the analysis of traffic flow detection and simulation by Flow Project, where the driving of vehicles is mainly controlled by Reinforcement Learning (RL). Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model and the corresponding swarm intelligence strategy is evaluated through simulation experiments. The results showed that the traffic flow scanning, tracking, and data recording performed continuously by CAVs are effective. The increase in the penetration rate of CAVs in the overall traffic flow has a significant effect on vehicle detection and identification. In addition, the vehicle occlusion rate is independent of the CAV lane position in all cases. The complete street scanner is a new technology that realizes the perception of the human settlement environment with the help of the Internet of Vehicles based on 5G communications and sensors. Although there are some shortcomings in the experiment, it still provides an experimental reference for the development of smart vehicles.
|
|
| 5. |
- Chen, Haibin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Cognitive antecedents and formation pathways of confined feeding mode adoption by herders in China
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Rural Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0743-0167 .- 1873-1392. ; 94, s. 326-335
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Along with the implementation of the Rangeland Ecological Subsidy and Award Scheme, a modal shift of livestock production from open grazing to confined feeding is now encouraged in China's pastoral regions, in the hope of relieving grazing pressure meanwhile sustaining herders' livelihood. What cognitive factors and how they affect the adoption of confined-feeding mode by herders are yet unanswered. Drawing on the theory of planned behaviour and using a field survey dataset of 250 herder households in Qinghai Province, this study explores the critical cognitive antecedents and formation mechanisms of herders' behaviour towards the new mode. The results of structural equation modelling suggest that the confined-feeding adoption is a reasoned action, whereby both perceived behavioural control and subjective attitude exert significantly positive impacts. For the former, economic rationality is the main driving force, whereas for the latter, the acquisition of financial and technical support is the key. Two pathways, namely ‘attitude → intention → behaviour’ and ‘perceived control → intention → behaviour’, stand out in forming the adoption behaviour. Although subjective norms show no significant impact on intension, they serve as contextual factors that help shape perceived control and attitude. The findings contribute to improve understanding on the behavioural responses of herders to novel technologies, practices and policy interventions, and have important implications for informing the design of intervention initiatives in pastoral regions of China and beyond.
|
|
| 6. |
- Chen, Xuan, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence of Abdominal Obesity in Chinese Middle-Aged and Older Adults with a Normal Body Mass Index and Its Association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus : A Nationally Representative Cohort Study from 2011 to 2018
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy. - 1178-7007. ; 14, s. 4829-4841
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Few studies have focused on the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Chinese middle-aged and older adults with a normal body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, it is still unclear whether abdominal obesity is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants with a normal BMI are usually neglected during assessments of abdominal obesity-associated T2DM risk since the current recommendations for medical interventions are mainly focused on overall body mass index rather than fat deposition patterns. Methods: In this study, 7942 normal-BMI participants aged over 45 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included to assess the prevalence of abdominal obesity defined by waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). In addition, 4348 normal-BMI individuals with no diabetes at baseline were included to evaluate the association between abdominal obesity and the risk of T2DM with the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The prevalence (95% confidence interval, CI) of increased WC and substantially increased WC among adults with a normal BMI was 22.0% (21.1%-22.9%) and 18.1% (17.3%-19.0%), respectively. The adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CIs for T2DM incidence were 1.39 (1.05–1.85) and 1.89 (1.42–2.53) for those with increased WC and substantially increased WC, respectively, compared to the individuals with a normal WC. Similar HRs were obtained for the association between WHtR and the risk of T2DM. In prediabetic patients, the HRs (95% CIs) for new-onset T2DM for those with increased WC and substantially increased WC were 1.85 (1.27–2.69) and 2.46 (1.67–3.61), respectively, when compared with individuals with normal WC. This positive association was observed in women but not in men or adults with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity is highly prevalent among middle-aged and older Chinese adults with a normal BMI, and maintaining a normal waist circumference may be beneficial in the prevention of T2DM.
|
|
| 7. |
- Farnocchia, Davide, et al.
(författare)
-
International Asteroid Warning Network Timing Campaign: 2019 XS
- 2022
-
Ingår i: The Planetary Science Journal. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 2632-3338. ; 3:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of the International Asteroid Warning Network's observational exercises, we conducted a campaign to observe near-Earth asteroid 2019 XS around its close approach to Earth on 2021 November 9. The goal of the campaign was to characterize errors in the observation times reported to the Minor Planet Center, which become an increasingly important consideration as astrometric accuracy improves and more fast-moving asteroids are observed. As part of the exercise, a total of 957 astrometric observations of 2019 XS during the encounter were reported and subsequently were analyzed to obtain the corresponding residuals. While the timing errors are typically smaller than 1 s, the reported times appear to be negatively biased, i.e., they are generally earlier than they should be. We also compared the observer-provided position uncertainty with the cross-track residuals, which are independent of timing errors. A large fraction of the estimated uncertainties appear to be optimistic, especially when <0 2. We compiled individual reports for each observer to help identify and remove the root cause of any possible timing error and improve the uncertainty quantification process. We suggest possible sources of timing errors and describe a simple procedure to derive reliable, conservative position uncertainties.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Lv, Zhihan, Dr. 1984-, et al.
(författare)
-
Artificial Intelligence in Underwater Digital Twins Sensor Networks
- 2022
-
Ingår i: ACM transactions on sensor networks. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 1550-4867 .- 1550-4859. ; 18:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The particularity of the marine underwater environment has brought many challenges to the development of underwater sensor networks (UWSNs). This research realized the effective monitoring of targets by UWSNs and achieved higher quality of service in various applications such as communication, monitoring, and data transmission in the marine environment. After analysis of the architecture, the marine integrated communication network system (MICN system) is constructed based on the maritime wireless Mesh network (MWMN) by combining with the UWSNs. A distributed hybrid fish swarm optimization algorithm (FSOA) based on mobility of underwater environment and artificial fish swarm (AFS) theory is proposed in response to the actual needs of UWSNs. The proposed FSOA algorithm makes full use of the perceptual communication of sensor nodes and lets the sensor nodes share the information covered by each other as much as possible, enhancing the global search ability. In addition, a reliable transmission protocol NC-HARQ is put forward based on the combination of network coding (NC) and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ). In this work, three sets of experiments are performed in an area of 200 x 200 x 200 m. The simulation results show that the FSOA algorithm can fully cover the events, effectively avoid the blind movement of nodes, and ensure consistent distribution density of nodes and events. The NC-HARQ protocol proposed uses relay nodes for retransmission, and the probability of successful retransmission is much higher than that of the source node. At a distance of more than 2,000 m, the successful delivery rate of data packets is as high as 99.6%. Based on the MICN system, the intelligent ship constructed with the digital twins framework can provide effective ship operating state prediction information. In summary, this study is of great value for improving the overall performance of UWSNs and advancing the monitoring of marine data information.
|
|
| 10. |
- Lv, Zhihan, Dr. 1984-, et al.
(författare)
-
Automatic identification of pavement cracks in public roads using an optimized deep convolutional neural network model
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions. Series A. - : The Royal Society. - 1364-503X .- 1471-2962. ; 381:2254
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study aims to improve the efficiency of automatic identification of pavement distress and improve the status quo of difficult identification and detection of pavement distress. First, the identification method of pavement distress and the types of pavement distress are analysed. Then, the design concept of deep learning in pavement distress recognition is described. Finally, the mask region-based convolutional neural network (Mask R-CNN) model is designed and applied in the recognition of road crack distress. The results show that in the evaluation of the model's comprehensive recognition performance, the highest accuracy is 99%, and the lowest accuracy is 95% after the test and evaluation of the designed model in different datasets. In the evaluation of different crack identification and detection methods, the highest accuracy of transverse crack detection is 98% and the lowest accuracy is 95%. In longitudinal crack detection, the highest accuracy is 98% and the lowest accuracy is 92%. In mesh crack detection, the highest accuracy is 98% and the lowest accuracy is 92%. This work not only provides an in-depth reference for the application of deep CNNs in pavement distress recognition but also promotes the improvement of road traffic conditions, thus contributing to the progression of smart cities in the future.This article is part of the theme issue 'Artificial intelligence in failure analysis of transportation infrastructure and materials'.
|
|
