| 1. |
- Lindemalm, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Immune response, depression and fatigue in relation to support intervention in mammary cancer patients
- 2008
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Ingår i: Supportive Care in Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0941-4355 .- 1433-7339. ; 16:1, s. 57-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Goal of work To study the effect of support intervention on immune function in breast cancer patients. Materials and methods Breast cancer patients from an ongoing prospective randomised quality-of -life study were chosen for assaying immune functions in relation to a support-group intervention program running on a residential basis. Twenty-one women received adjuvant-combined radio-chemotherapy (CT-RT) and 20 women radiotherapy (RT). Eleven CT-RT and ten RT patients were randomised to support-group intervention, the rest served as controls. Immune tests for NK cells and NK-cell cytotoxicity, as well as lymphocyte subpopulations and response to antigen were performed before intervention, 2, 6, and 12 months later, in parallel to controls and healthy volunteers (n=11). Depression, anxiety and fatigue were evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) and the Norwegian Fatigue questionnaire. The density of NK cell receptors and in vitro quantitation of functional NK cytotoxicity against K562 cell line were evaluated. Four-colour flow cytometry was used to detect signal transduction molecules and cytokine expression. T-cell proliferate response to purified protein derivate (PPD) antigen was evaluated. Results No significant immune effect of support intervention could be found. The immune variables were severely disarranged compared to healthy volunteers but showed a statistically significant improvement over time. The majority of patients suffered from fatigue but had low scores for depression and anxiety. Conclusion No effect on immune parameters could be detected from support intervention. The long-lasting immune suppression might override a putative effect of the intervention. Low depression scores may contribute to the absence of a detectable effect.
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| 2. |
- Mozaffari, Fariba, et al.
(författare)
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Systemic immune effects of adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide and/or radiotherapy in breast cancer : a longitudinal study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-7004 .- 1432-0851. ; 58:1, s. 111-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immunotherapy is being increasingly utilized for adjuvant treatment for breast cancer (BC). We have previously described immune functions during primary therapy for BC. The present study describes immune recovery patterns during long-term, unmaintained follow-up after completion of adjuvant therapy. A group of patients with primary BC had been treated with adjuvant radio-chemotherapy therapy (RT + CT) 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclo-phosphamide (FEC) (n = 21) and another group with radiotherapy (RT) (n = 20) alone. Immunological testing of NK and T-cell functions was performed initially at the end of adjuvant treatment and repeated after 2, 6 and 12 months. NK cell cytotoxicity was significantly higher (P < 0.05) at all time-points in patients than in age-matched controls and did not differ between the two treatments groups during one year observation. In contrast, lower numbers of CD4 T-cells and lower expression of CD28 on T-cells was observed particularly in RT + CT patients and did not normalize during the observation period. The numbers of T-reg cells (CD4(+) CD25(high)) were low in the RT + CT group during follow-up, as well as expression of TCR xi, Zap70, p56(lck), P59(fyn) and PI3 k in CD4+ cells. In contrast, expression of intracellular cytokines (IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4) in CD4 and CD8 T cells were signiWcantly higher in RT + CT patients than in the RT group and the difference increased during follow-up. In conclusion, NK-cell cytotoxicity increased during unmaintained long-term follow-up whereas CD4 and regulatory T cells as well as signal transduction molecules remained low following adjuvant radio-chemotherapy.
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| 3. |
- Ullenhag, Gustav J, et al.
(författare)
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Durable carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in colorectal carcinoma patients vaccinated with recombinant CEA and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 10:10, s. 3273-3281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Previous studies have indicated that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) might be a suitable immunotherapeutic target in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The aim of the present study was to analyze the immunological and clinical effects of vaccination with CEA together with the adjuvant granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Twenty-four resected CRC patients without macroscopic disease were immunized seven times with recombinant CEA at four different dose levels over a 12-month period. Half of the patients received GM-CSF (80 microg/day for 4 consecutive days) at each immunization. Patients were monitored immunologically for 36 months and clinically for 76 months. T-cell response was evaluated by a [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assay, and IgG response was determined by ELISA.RESULTS: Minor local side effects were common. All 12 patients (100%) in the GM-CSF group developed a CEA-specific T-cell as well as an IgG response. The corresponding figures in the CEA alone group were 9 of 12 (75%) and 8 of 12 (66%), respectively. GM-CSF significantly augmented the amplitude of the T-cell response and the IgG titers. No dose-response relationship was noted. The immune responses at 12 months persisted 24 months after the last vaccination. Anti-CEA IgG titers were associated with increased survival (P < 0.05), whereas standard prognostic factors had no relationship, with the exception of serum CEA value.CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination with recombinant CEA and GM-CSF appears to be a nontoxic regimen inducing potent and durable antigen-specific IgG and T-cell response. The results of this study justify more extensive trials with recombinant CEA protein for immunotherapy of CRC.
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