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- Christiansson, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Studier av sprängskador i Äspö-laboratoriet
- 2005
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Ingår i: Bergsprängningskommittén Diskussionsmöte BK 2005. - : Bergsprängningskommittén. ; , s. 139-152
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En ny tunnel med 70 m längd byggdes på 450 m djup i Äspölaboratoriet 2003. Det ställdes speciella krav på begränsning av sprängskadezonens djup med hänsyn till planerade experiment.Tunneln drevs med galleri och bågformad låg pall för att minimera sprängskador i sulan. I huvuddelen av tunneln användes initieringsystemet Nonel MS och LP. I de tre sista salvorna av galleriet testades elektroniksprängkapslar. Skonsamhetsgraden för vägg och tak var normal med en tillåten skadezon på 0,3 m. Däremot tillämpades samma skonsamhetsgrad även för botten. I övrigt användes normal sprängteknik och normala sprängämnen som Dynotex 17 och Dynorex.Arbetet följdes noggrant genom dokumentation av utfört arbete. Vibrationsmätningar utfördes på nära håll samt på stort avstånd, 1,5 km från arbetsplatsen. Språng¬skador har undersökts genom sågning och sprickkartering.Föredraget kommer att presentera projektet, framförallt (1) erfarenheter från vibra¬tionsmätningar av samtliga sprängsalvor (noggrannheten i geofonmätningarna; totala antalet spränghål i salvorna; bomsalvor; avståndet från salvorna och geo¬logiska strukturer), (2) P-vågshastigheten i tunnelns närområde, (3) faktorer som påverkar utvecklingen av sprängskador, och (4) förslag på kontrollåtgärder som kan leda till att begränsa skadezonen i praktiskt tunnelarbete.
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- Ittner, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Design and control of the EDZ for a deep repository in crystalline rock
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge about the Excavation Damaged Zone (EDZ) is essential for underground construction design, underground facility layout, work environment issues and analysis of post-closure safety for a final repository for nuclear waste. The EDZ is defined as the zone around a tunnel where the damage is not reversible. The EDZ can be caused by the excavation method as well as by the actual strength–stress conditions.SKB has chosen the Forsmark site for disposal of spent fuel. The site conditions include hard crystalline rock and fairly high stresses. However, analyzes prior to site selection found that the risk for stress induced development of an EDZ is limited. The aim of this paper is to outline the blast design concept and quality control measures to ensure that the excavation method fulfills the requirements. Strategies for blast design and QA/QC measures for tunnel excavation were applied during construction works for the Äspö HRL expansion 2012. This provided an opportunity to demonstrate methods for tunnel excavation and verify that requirements on minimizing the EDZ could be met during the construction of the planned Swedish final repository for spent fuel.
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- Ittner, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Quality Control, Traceability and Verification of the Process for Construction of Deposition Tunnels
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The unique requirements on post-closure safety related to the construction of a disposal facility for spent nuclear fuel demands measures to control and verify the construction process. The Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) have selected the Forsmark site for construction of a repository facility. Traceability in all work steps is necessary in order to verify that requirements for post-closure safety on the underground openings are met. This puts high demands on the construction of the deposition tunnels, as well as on the documentation of the construction works.The Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (HRL), Sweden, is used by SKB for research and development of technology required for the final repository for spent nuclear fuel. During 2012 the HRL was expanded with 308 meters of new main and experimental tunnels. This was a good opportunity for SKB to apply requirements related to control, traceability and verification of the drill and blast excavation method. The tunnels were excavated using a factory new drilling jumbo and emulsion explosives, both with modern logger equipment, in order to receive a good control and documentation of drilling and charging works. The control plans for the work included additional measures to control, document and verify the process and results of the excavation. This paper aims to describe and exemplify the process of blast design, quality control, documentation and verification of the excavation works together.
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- Ittner, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Recent Swedish Studies on the Extent of Blast Damage after Excavation
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents two recent studies on the extent of blast damage after excavation in crystalline rock. The Swedish Transport Administration and the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) are both under regulations to limit excavation damage during construction of tunnels. SKB is also required to limit the Excavation Damage Zone (EDZ), as this could be a potential flow path for radionuclides in the planned repository for spent nuclear fuel.Presented in this paper are investigations of blast damage from three tunnel sites, a road tunnel, an experimental tunnel in Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory and an underground subway depot.As expected the fractures resulting from the bottom charge are both longer and more frequent then those mapped in the column charge. The results show that the requirement to limit blast damage according to Swedish regulations was fulfilled for the column charge at the three studied sites.
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- Jacobsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental determination of spalling initiation in hard rock
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Rock Mechanics in civil and Environmental Engineering. - : CRC press/Balkema.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proceedings of the European Rock Mechanics Symposium (EUROCK) 2010, Lausanne, Switzerland, 15-18 June, 2010, Rock Mechanics in civil and Environmental Engineering, eds J Zhao, V Labiouse, J-P Dudt & J-F Mathier (Extern vetenskaplig bok)
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