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- Fredriksson, Sofie, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Preschool teachers experience of sound-induced auditory fatigue: a qualitative content analysis of n852 free-text survey responses
- 2023
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Ingår i: 14th ICBEN Congress on Noise as a Public Health Problem, 18-22 June, Belgrade Serbia.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim was to study preschool teachers experience of sound-induced auditory fatigue. Previous studies have shown increased risk of sound-induced auditory fatigue, as well as other hearing-related symptoms, among female preschool teachers compared to women in general. Based on a sample of female preschool teachers who responded to a follow-up survey 2017 (n3277), we analysed open-ended free-text responses from n852 teachers who worked in preschool part- or fulltime, and experienced sound-induced auditory fatigue at least once a month or more often. We used qualitative content analysis to code and categorised the responses based on an interpretation of latent underlying meaning. The categories were then conceptualized into a model. We identified that the context relating to the sound-environment at the preschool was a contributing factor to the symptom sound-induced auditory fatigue, and many of the preschool teachers expressed a need for silence as a result of the noise exposure at work. The teachers expressed several negative health effects, which were interpreted as resulting from an unfulfilled need for auditory recovery. These effects were sub-categorised into 1) emotional effects (including annoyance), 2) cognitive effects (including mental fatigue), 3) physical effects (including hearing-related symptoms e.g., hyperacusis, and stress-reactions), and 4) social effects (including withdrawal). The teachers also described coping strategies adopted to meet the need for recovery or to handle the effects of the auditory fatigue. We conclude that the sound environment in preschool and the subsequent auditory fatigue and related negative health effects experienced by many preschool teachers require attention and prevention.
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| 2. |
- Rodriguez-Calvo, Teresa, et al.
(författare)
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Means, Motive, and Opportunity : Do Non-Islet-Reactive Infiltrating T Cells Contribute to Autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-3224. ; 12
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In human type 1 diabetes and animal models of the disease, a diverse assortment of immune cells infiltrates the pancreatic islets. CD8+ T cells are well represented within infiltrates and HLA multimer staining of pancreas sections provides clear evidence that islet epitope reactive T cells are present within autoimmune lesions. These bona fide effectors have been a key research focus because these cells represent an intellectually attractive culprit for β cell destruction. However, T cell receptors are highly diverse in human insulitis. This suggests correspondingly broad antigen specificity, which includes a majority of T cells for which there is no evidence of islet-specific reactivity. The presence of “non-cognate” T cells in insulitis raises suspicion that their role could be beyond that of an innocent bystander. In this perspective, we consider the potential pathogenic contribution of non-islet-reactive T cells. Our intellectual framework will be that of a criminal investigation. Having arraigned islet-specific CD8+ T cells for the murder of pancreatic β cells, we then turn our attention to the non-target immune cells present in human insulitis and consider the possible regulatory, benign, or effector roles that they may play in disease. Considering available evidence, we overview the case that can be made that non-islet-reactive infiltrating T cells should be suspected as co-conspirators or accessories to the crime and suggest some possible routes forward for reaching a better understanding of their role in disease.
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