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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Azevedo, Flavio, et al.
(författare)
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Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2052-4463. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behaviour, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social & Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of moral and psychological measures and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables.
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- Cockcroft, Jeremy K., et al.
(författare)
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Understanding the structure and dynamics of cationic surfactants from studies of pure solid phases
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 21:47, s. 25945-25951
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A homologous series of n-alkyl trimethylammonium bromide surfactants, H(CH2)(n)N+(CH3)(3) Br-, from C(10)TAB to C(18)TAB have been studied systematically in the bulk over a wide range of temperatures. Common features in the structures are identified, with packing dominated by the co-ordination of the cationic head groups with bromide anions and interdigitation of the hydrocarbon chains. This arrangement provides an explanation for the thin adsorbed bilayers that have been observed at various hydrophilic surfaces from aqueous solutions in previous studies. The molecular volumes and arrangement are comparable with structures of a number of different self-assembled amphiphiles. For these surfactants with bromide counter-ions, formation of crystal hydrates was not observed. The alkyl chains are highly mobile and at high temperatures a plastic phase is found for all materials with a transition enthalpy that is similar to the melting enthalpy of many long alkyl chains. Other unexpected phase transitions depend more markedly on the hydrocarbon chain length and evidently depend on delicate balances of the various contributions to the free energy.
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- Franssen, F. M. E., et al.
(författare)
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Lung Function Abnormalities in Smokers with Ischemic Heart Disease
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - 1073-449X. ; 194:5, s. 568-576
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: The aim of the ALICE (Airflow Limitation in Cardiac Diseases in Europe) study was to investigate the prevalence of airflow limitation in patients with ischemic heart disease and the effects on quality of life, healthcare use, and future health risk. Objectives: To examine prebronchodilator and post-bronchodilator spirometry in outpatients aged greater than or equal to 40 years with clinically documented ischemic heart disease who were current or former smokers. Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 cardiovascular outpatient clinics in nine European countries. Airflow limitation was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC less than 0.70. Measurements and Main Results: Among the 3,103 patients with ischemic heart disease who were recruited, lung function was defined for 2,730 patients. Airflow limitation was observed in 30.5% of patients with ischemic heart disease: 11.3% had mild airflow limitation, 15.8% moderate airflow limitation, 3.3% severe airflow limitation, and 0.1% very severe airflow limitation. Most patients with airflow limitation (70.6%) had no previous spirometry testing or diagnosed pulmonary disease. Airflow limitation was associated with greater respiratory symptomatology, impaired health status, and more frequent emergency room visits (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Airflow limitation compatible with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease affects almost one-third of patients with ischemic heart disease. Although airflow limitation is associated with additional morbidity and societal burden, it is largely undiagnosed and untreated.
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- Liu, Yuhan, et al.
(författare)
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Phase transitions and optical properties of the trigonal perovskite (CH3NH3)2TeCl6
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry C. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7526 .- 2050-7534. ; 10:33, s. 11938-11945
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vacancy-ordered double perovskites A2BX6 are attracting attention due to the isolated octahedra making them an ideal playground for studying perovskite structure-property relationships. MA2TeCl6 single crystals have been successfully grown from solution. X-ray structure experiments as a function of temperature have demonstrated two structural phase transitions: from cubic Fm3m (high temperature, phase I) to trigonal P3m1 (intermediate temperature, phase II) at 460 K and then to trigonal P31c (low temperature, phase III) at 200 K. Intriguingly, we observe a negative thermal expansion for the c-axis in phase II believed to caused by dynamic tilting of the C-N bond in the MA(+) ion. We have modified and extended the calculation of the Brown radii ratio in the perovskites to include hybrid A2BX6 compounds by selecting the shortest A-X distance for the ratio equation. We find that for ratios between 0.89 and 1.17, typically the Fm3m cubic structure is observed, while for ratios above 1.17, mostly distorted structures are found.
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