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- Robitaille, Annie, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal Mediation of Processing Speed on Age-Related Change in Memory and Fluid Intelligence.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Psychology and aging. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1939-1498 .- 0882-7974. ; 28:4, s. 887-901
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Age-related decline in processing speed has long been considered a key driver of cognitive aging. While the majority of empirical evidence for the processing speed hypothesis has been obtained from analyses of between-person age differences, longitudinal studies provide a direct test of within-person change. Using recent developments in longitudinal mediation analysis, we examine the speed-mediation hypothesis at both the within-and between-person levels in two longitudinal studies, Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) and Origins of Variance in the Oldest-Old (OCTO-Twin). We found significant within-person indirect effects of change in age, such that increasing age was related to lower speed, which in turn relates to lower performance across repeated measures on other cognitive outcomes. Although between-person indirect effects were also significant in LASA, they were not in OCTO-Twin which is not unexpected given the age homogeneous nature of the OCTO-Twin data. A more in-depth examination through measures of effect size suggests that, for the LASA study, the within-person indirect effects were small and between-person indirect effects were consistently larger. These differing magnitudes of direct and indirect effects across levels demonstrate the importance of separating between- and within-person effects in evaluating theoretical models of age-related change. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).
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| 3. |
- Vos, Stephanie J B, et al.
(författare)
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Modifiable Risk Factors for Prevention ofDementia in Midlife, Late Life and the Oldest-Old: Validation of the LIBRA Index.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. - 1875-8908. ; 58:2, s. 537-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, the LIfestyle for BRAin health (LIBRA) index was developed to assess an individual's prevention potential for dementia.We investigated the predictive validity of the LIBRA index for incident dementia in midlife, late life, and the oldest-old.9,387 non-demented individuals were recruited from the European population-based DESCRIPA study. An individual's LIBRA index was calculated solely based on modifiable risk factors: depression, diabetes, physical activity, hypertension, obesity, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, coronary heart disease, and mild/moderate alcohol use. Cox regression was used to test the predictive validity of LIBRA for dementia at follow-up (mean 7.2y, range 1-16).In midlife (55-69y, n=3,256) and late life (70-79y, n=4,320), the risk for dementia increased with higher LIBRA scores. Individuals in the intermediate- and high-risk groups had a higher risk of dementia than those in the low-risk group. In the oldest-old (80-97y, n=1,811), higher LIBRA scores did not increase the risk for dementia.LIBRA might be a useful tool to identify individuals for primary prevention interventions of dementia in midlife, and maybe in late life, but not in the oldest-old.
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