| 1. |
- Abbaszad Rafi, Abdolrahim, et al.
(författare)
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A facile route for concurrent fabrication and surface selective functionalization of cellulose nanofibers by lactic acid mediated catalysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Celulose nanofibers are lightweight, recycable, biodegradable, and renewable. Hence, there is a great interest of using them instead of fossil-based components in new materials and biocomposites. In this study, we disclose an environmentally benign (green) one-step reaction approach to fabricate lactic acid ester functionalized cellulose nanofibrils from wood-derived pulp fibers in high yields. This was accomplished by converting wood-derived pulp fibers to nanofibrillated “cellulose lactate” under mild conditions using lactic acid as both the reaction media and catalyst. Thus, in parallel to the cellulose nanofibril production, concurrent lactic acid-catalyzed esterification of lactic acid to the cellulose nanofibers surface occured. The direct lactic acid esterification, which is a surface selective functionalization and reversible (de-attaching the ester groups by cleavage of the ester bonds), of the cellulose nanofibrils was confirmed by low numbers of degree of substitution, and FT-IR analyses. Thus, autocatalytic esterification and cellulose hydrolysis occurred without the need of metal based or a harsh mineral acid catalysts, which has disadvantages such as acid corrosiveness and high recovery cost of acid. Moreover, adding a mineral acid as a co-catalyst significantly decreased the yield of the nanocellulose. The lactic acid media is successfully recycled in multiple reaction cycles producing the corresponding nanocellulose fibers in high yields. The disclosed green cellulose nanofibril production route is industrial relevant and gives direct access to nanocellulose for use in variety of applications such as sustainable filaments, composites, packaging and strengthening of recycled fibers.
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| 2. |
- Abbaszad Rafi, Abdolrahim, et al.
(författare)
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Copper nanoparticles on controlled pore glass (CPG) as highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts for “click reactions”
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We herein report that supported copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) on commercially available controlled pore glass (CPG), which exhibit high mechanical, thermal and chemical stability as compared to other silica-based materials, serve as a useful heterogeneous catalyst system for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions (“click” reactions) between terminal alkynes and organic azides under green chemistry conditions. The supported CuNPs-CPG catalyst exhibited a broad substrate scope and gave the corresponding triazole products in high yields. The CuNPs-CPG catalyst exhibit recyclability and could be reuced multiple times without contaminating the products with Cu.
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| 3. |
- Afewerki, Samson, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Cooperative Lewis Acids and Aminocatalysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Chiral Lewis Acids in Organic Synthesis. - Weinheim, Germany : Wiley-Blackwell. ; , s. 345-374
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter describes the cooperative strategy of combining metal catalyst activation with aminocatalysis, with a focus on the metal acting as a Lewis acid catalyst. It gives examples where the metal catalyst promotes the reactivity of different substrates by the formation of reactive intermediates. These intermediates can act either as electrophiles or nucleophiles, which in turn can couple with nucleophilic enamine or electrophilic iminium intermediates formed between the carbonyl compounds and aminocatalyst. The chemical transformation ensues via the merging of the enamine and π‐allyl‐Pd complex via asymmetric counteranion‐direct catalysis (ACDC). Subsequently, several groups reported different co‐catalytic systems and chemical strategies for the α‐allylic alkylation of aldehydes and ketones. Cordova and coworkers reported the first example where iminium activation catalysis is combined with metal catalyst activation cooperatively. The stratagem was demonstrated for the catalytic enantioselective conjugate silyl addition to α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
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| 4. |
- Afewerki, Samson, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient Heterogeneous Palladium-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenolysis of Benzylic Alcohols by Formic Acid
- 2020
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Ingår i: Synthesis (Stuttgart). - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0039-7881 .- 1437-210X. ; 52:16, s. 2330-2336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An efficient heterogeneous palladium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenolysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary benzylic alcohols using formic acid as hydrogen source has been developed. The resulting hydrocarbon products were obtained in excellent yields. Moreover, the system exhibits high chemoselectivity, reacting only with the hydroxy groups in the presence of other functional groups, and excellent recyclability.
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| 5. |
- Afewerki, Samson, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Enamine/Transition Metal Combined Catalysis : Catalytic Transformations Involving Organometallic Electrophilic Intermediates
- 2019
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Ingår i: Topics in current chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-1022 .- 1436-5049 .- 2365-0869 .- 2364-8961. ; 377:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of merging enamine activation catalysis with transition metal catalysis is an important strategy, which allows for selective chemical transformations not accessible without this combination. The amine catalyst activates the carbonyl compounds through the formation of a reactive nucleophilic enamine intermediate and, in parallel, the transition metal activates a wide range of functionalities such as allylic substrates through the formation of reactive electrophilic π-allyl-metal complex. Since the first report of this strategy in 2006, considerable effort has been devoted to the successful advancement of this technology. In this chapter, these findings are highlighted and discussed.
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| 6. |
- Afewerki, Samson, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable and recyclable heterogenous palladium catalysts from rice husk-derived biosilicates for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings, aerobic oxidations and stereoselective cascade carbocyclizations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new eco-friendly approach for the preparation of sustainable heterogeneous palladium catalysts from rice husk-derived biogenic silica (RHP-Si and RHU-Si). The designed heterogeneously supported palladium species (RHP-Si-NH2-Pd and RHU-Si-NH2-Pd) were fully characterized and successfully employed as catalysts for various chemical transformations (C–C bond-forming reactions, aerobic oxidations and carbocyclizations). Suzuki-Miyaura transformations were highly efficient in a green solvent system (H2O:EtOH (1:1) with excellent recyclability, providing the cross-coupling products with a wide range of functionalities in high isolated yields (up to 99%). Palladium species (Pd(0)-nanoparticles or Pd(II)) were also efficient catalysts in the green aerobic oxidation of an allylic alcohol and a co-catalytic stereoselective cascade carbocyclization transformation. In the latter case, a quaternary stereocenter was formed with excellent stereoselectivity (up to 27:1 dr).
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| 7. |
- Afewerki, Samson, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Design for the Direct Fabrication and Highly Versatile Functionalization of Nanocelluloses
- 2017
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Ingår i: Global Challenges. - Weinheim : Wiley. - 2056-6646. ; 1:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes a novel sustainable concept for the scalable direct fabrication and functionalization of nanocellulose from wood pulp with reduced energy consumption. A central concept is the use of metal-free small organic molecules as mediators and catalysts for the production and subsequent versatile surface engineering of the cellulosic nanomaterials via organocatalysis and click chemistry. Here, organoclick chemistry enables the selective functionalization of nanocelluloses with different organic molecules as well as the binding of palladium ions or nanoparticles. The nanocellulosic material is also shown to function as a sustainable support for heterogeneous catalysis in modern organic synthesis (e.g., Suzuki cross-coupling transformations in water). The reported strategy not only addresses obstacles and challenges for the future utilization of nanocellulose (e.g., low moisture resistance, the need for green chemistry, and energy-intensive production) but also enables new applications for nanocellulosic materials in different areas.
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| 8. |
- Afewerki, Samson, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of amides and amines from aldehydes or ketones by heterogeneous metal catalysis
- 2019
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A mild and efficient synthesis of primary amines and amides from aldehydes or ketones using a heterogeneous metal catalyst and amine donor is disclosed. The initial heterogeneous metal-catalyzed reaction between the carbonyl and the amine donor components is followed by the addition of a suitable acylating agent component in one-pot, thus providing a catalytic one-pot three-component synthesis of amides. Integration of enzyme catalysis allows for eco-friendly one-pot co-catalytic synthesis of amides from aldehyde and ketone substrates, respectively. The process can be applied to asymmetric synthesis or to the co-catalytic one-pot three-component synthesis of capsaicin and its analogues from vanillin or vanillyl alcohol. A co-catalytic reductive amination/dynamic kinetic resolution (dkr) relay sequence for the asymmetric synthesis of optically active amides from ketones is disclosed. Implementation of a catalytic reductive amination/kinetic resolution (kr) relay sequence produces the corresponding optically active amide product and optical active primary amine product with the opposite stereochemistry from the starting ketones.
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| 9. |
- Afewerki, Samson, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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The Chemical Synthesis and Applications of Tropane Alkaloids
- 2019
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Ingår i: Alkaloids: Chemistry and Biology. - : Elsevier. - 1099-4831. ; 81, s. 151-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tropanes are an important class of alkaloid natural products that are found in plants all over the world. These compounds can exhibit significant biological activity and are among the oldest known medicines. In the early 19th century, tropanes were isolated, characterized, and synthesized by notable chemical researchers. Their significant biological activities have inspired tremendous research efforts toward their synthesis and the elucidation of their pharmacological activity both in academia and in industry. In this chapter, which addresses the developments in this field since 1994, the focus is on the synthesis of these compounds, and several examples of sophisticated synthetic protocols involving both asymmetric and catalytic approaches are described. In addition, the structures of more than 100 new alkaloids are included as well as the applications and pharmacological properties of some tropane alkaloids.
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| 10. |
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