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- Mavaddat, N, et al.
(författare)
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Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy, natural menopause, and breast cancer risk: an international prospective cohort of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers
- 2020
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Ingår i: Breast cancer research : BCR. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-542X. ; 22:1, s. 8-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe effect of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) on breast cancer risk forBRCA1andBRCA2mutation carriers is uncertain. Retrospective analyses have suggested a protective effect but may be substantially biased. Prospective studies have had limited power, particularly forBRCA2mutation carriers. Further, previous studies have not considered the effect of RRSO in the context of natural menopause.MethodsA multi-centre prospective cohort of 2272BRCA1and 1605BRCA2mutation carriers was followed for a mean of 5.4 and 4.9 years, respectively; 426 women developed incident breast cancer. RRSO was modelled as a time-dependent covariate in Cox regression, and its effect assessed in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.ResultsThere was no association between RRSO and breast cancer forBRCA1(HR = 1.23; 95% CI 0.94–1.61) orBRCA2(HR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.62–1.24) mutation carriers. ForBRCA2mutation carriers, HRs were 0.68 (95% CI 0.40–1.15) and 1.07 (95% CI 0.69–1.64) for RRSO carried out before or after age 45 years, respectively. The HR forBRCA2mutation carriers decreased with increasing time since RRSO (HR = 0.51; 95% CI 0.26–0.99 for 5 years or longer after RRSO). Estimates for premenopausal women were similar.ConclusionWe found no evidence that RRSO reduces breast cancer risk forBRCA1mutation carriers. A potentially beneficial effect forBRCA2mutation carriers was observed, particularly after 5 years following RRSO. These results may inform counselling and management of carriers with respect to RRSO.
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- Spiro, S., et al.
(författare)
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Low luminosity Type II supernovae - II. Pointing towards moderate mass precursors
- 2014
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 439:3, s. 2873-2892
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present new data for five underluminous Type II-plateau supernovae (SNe IIP), namely SN 1999gn, SN 2002gd, SN 2003Z, SN 2004eg and SN 2006ov. This new sample of low-luminosity SNe IIP (LL SNe IIP) is analysed together with similar objects studied in the past. All of them show a flat light-curve plateau lasting about 100 d, an underluminous late-time exponential tail, intrinsic colours that are unusually red, and spectra showing prominent and narrow P Cygni lines. A velocity of the ejected material below 10(3) km s(-1) is inferred from measurements at the end of the plateau. The Ni-56 masses ejected in the explosion are very small (< 10(-2) M-circle dot). We investigate the correlations among Ni-56 mass, expansion velocity of the ejecta and absolute magnitude in the middle of the plateau, confirming the main findings of Hamuy, according to which events showing brighter plateau and larger expansion velocities are expected to produce more Ni-56. We propose that these faint objects represent the LL tail of a continuous distribution in parameters space of SNe IIP. The physical properties of the progenitors at the explosion are estimated through the hydrodynamical modelling of the observables for two representative events of this class, namely SN 2005cs and SN 2008in. We find that the majority of LL SNe IIP, and quite possibly all, originate in the core collapse of intermediate-mass stars, in the mass range 10-15 M-circle dot.
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- Borsato, E., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of Herschel-selected strong lens candidates through HST and sub-mm/mm observations
- 2024
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Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 528:4, s. 6222-6279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have carried out Hubble Space Telescope (HST) snapshot observations at 1.1 μm of 281 candidate strongly lensed galaxies identified in the wide-area extragalactic surveys conducted with the Herschel Space Observatory. Our candidates comprise systems with flux densities at 500 μm, S500 ≥ 80 mJy. We model and subtract the surface brightness distribution for 130 systems, where we identify a candidate for the foreground lens candidate. After combining visual inspection, archival high-resolution observations, and lens subtraction, we divide the systems into different classes according to their lensing likelihood. We confirm 65 systems to be lensed. Of these, 30 are new discoveries. We successfully perform lens modelling and source reconstruction on 23 systems, where the foreground lenses are isolated galaxies and the background sources are detected in the HST images. All the systems are successfully modelled as a singular isothermal ellipsoid. The Einstein radii of the lenses and the magnifications of the background sources are consistent with previous studies. However, the background source circularized radii (between 0.34 and 1.30 kpc) are ∼3 times smaller than the ones measured in the sub-millimetre/millimetre for a similarly selected and partially overlapping sample. We compare our lenses with those in the Sloan Lens Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) Survey confirming that our lens-independent selection is more effective at picking up fainter and diffuse galaxies and group lenses. This sample represents the first step towards characterizing the near-infrared properties and stellar masses of the gravitationally lensed dusty star-forming galaxies.
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- Constance, B., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Verification of the CLIC Two-Beam Acceleration Technology in CTF3
- 2013
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Ingår i: IPAC 2013: Proceedings of the 4th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501229 ; , s. 1436-1438
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Compact Linear Collider international collaboration is pursuing an extensive R&D program towards a multi- TeV electron-positron collider. In particular, the development of two-beam acceleration technology is the focus of the CLIC test facility CTF3. In this paper we summarise the most recent results obtained at CTF3: The results of the studies on the drive beam generation are presented, the achieved two beam acceleration performance is reported and the measured breakdown rates and related observations are summarised. The stability of the deceleration process performed over 12 subsequent modules and a comparison of the obtained results with the theoretical expectations are discussed. We also outline the future experimental program.
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- Hegner, E., et al.
(författare)
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Mineral Ages and P-T Conditions of Late Paleozoic High-Pressure Eclogite and Provenance of M Lange Sediments from Atbashi in the South Tianshan Orogen of Kyrgyzstan
- 2010
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Ingår i: American Journal of Science. - 0002-9599. ; 310:9, s. 916-950
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ages derived from various isotope systems in high-pressure (HP) rocks of the western Tianshan orogen of NW China have been interpreted as evidence for late Carboniferous and/or Triassic collision of the accretionary margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) with the Tarim Craton. In order to elucidate this controversy, we present new P-T data as well as Sm-Nd and (40)Ar/(39)Ar cooling ages for an eclogite sample from Atbashi in the accretionary m lange of the South Tianshan suture in Kyrgyzstan, some 500 km along strike to the west of the controversial locality in the upper Akeyazhi River Valley in NW China. A clockwise P-T path for the eclogite with peak pressures of 18 to 24 kbar at 520 to 600 degrees C is consistent with near-isothermal decompression and exhumation in a subduction zone before collision of the CAOB with the Tarim Craton. Geochemical data and an initial epsilon Nd value of similar to +9 suggest an N-MORB protolith for the eclogite. The high-pressure mineral assemblage of the eclogite yielded a statistically robust Sm-Nd isochron age of 319 +/- 4 Ma (2 sigma, 5 data points, MSWD = 0.4) for equilibration and closure of the Sm-Nd system during HP metamorphism. (40)Ar/(39)Ar dating of phengite from the same sample yielded a cooling age of 316 +/- 3 Ma (2 sigma) implying rapid exhumation. Docking of the Tarim Craton with the southern margin of the Middle Tianshan-North Tianshan blocks in Kyrgyzstan during the late Carboniferous is supported by widespread emplacement of A-type granitoids of early Permian age that suggest a setting of consolidated crust. An tuunetamorphosed and little deformed molasse-type conglomerate of latest Carboniferous age, overlying the HP rocks, indicates that HP metamorphism, exhumation, and exposure of the HP m lange occurred from 320 to 300 Ma. The detrital zircon age spectrum of a metagraywacke sample from the accretionary melange suggests sources in the Tarim Craton and/or from the Middle and North Tianshan that possibly comprise rifted blocks from Tarim.
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