| 1. |
- Thompson, B.A., et al.
(författare)
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Application of a 5-tiered scheme for standardized classification of 2,360 unique mismatch repair gene variants in the InSiGHT locus-specific database
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 46:2, s. 107-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The clinical classification of hereditary sequence variants identified in disease-related genes directly affects clinical management of patients and their relatives. The International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT) undertook a collaborative effort to develop, test and apply a standardized classification scheme to constitutional variants in the Lynch syndrome-associated genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. Unpublished data submission was encouraged to assist in variant classification and was recognized through microattribution. The scheme was refined by multidisciplinary expert committee review of the clinical and functional data available for variants, applied to 2,360 sequence alterations, and disseminated online. Assessment using validated criteria altered classifications for 66% of 12,006 database entries. Clinical recommendations based on transparent evaluation are now possible for 1,370 variants that were not obviously protein truncating from nomenclature. This large-scale endeavor will facilitate the consistent management of families suspected to have Lynch syndrome and demonstrates the value of multidisciplinary collaboration in the curation and classification of variants in public locus-specific databases. © 2014 Nature America, Inc.
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| 2. |
- Amano, Tatsuya, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming Practice : Checklists for Delivering Change
- 2022
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Ingår i: Transforming Conservation : A Practical Guide to Evidence and Decision Making - A Practical Guide to Evidence and Decision Making. - 9781800648562 - 9781800648586 ; , s. 367-386
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Delivering a revolution in evidence use requires a cultural change across society. For a wide range of groups (practitioners, knowledge brokers, organisations, organisational leaders, policy makers, funders, researchers, journal publishers, the wider conservation community, educators, writers, and journalists), options are described to facilitate a change in practice, and a series of downloadable checklists is provided.
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| 3. |
- Eichhorn, S. J., et al.
(författare)
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Current international research into cellulose as a functional nanomaterial for advanced applications
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer Nature. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 57:10, s. 5697-5767
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review paper provides a recent overview of current international research that is being conducted into the functional properties of cellulose as a nanomaterial. A particular emphasis is placed on fundamental and applied research that is being undertaken to generate applications, which are now becoming a real prospect given the developments in the field over the last 20 years. A short introduction covers the context of the work, and definitions of the different forms of cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) that are most widely studied. We also address the terminology used for CNMs, suggesting a standard way to classify these materials. The reviews are separated out into theme areas, namely healthcare, water purification, biocomposites, and energy. Each section contains a short review of the field within the theme and summarizes recent work being undertaken by the groups represented. Topics that are covered include cellulose nanocrystals for directed growth of tissues, bacterial cellulose in healthcare, nanocellulose for drug delivery, nanocellulose for water purification, nanocellulose for thermoplastic composites, nanocellulose for structurally colored materials, transparent wood biocomposites, supercapacitors and batteries.
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| 4. |
- Hatton, Fiona L., et al.
(författare)
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Grafting-from cellulose nanocrystals via photoinduced Cu-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization
- 2017
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 157, s. 1033-1040
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we describe the grafting of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by surface-initiated photoinduced Cu-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP). Initially, CNCs obtained through sulfuric acid hydrolysis were functionalized with a tertiary bromo-ester moiety as an initiating group for the subsequent RDRP of methyl acrylate, targeting three different degrees of polymerization for the polymer grafts: 50, 300 and 600. The polymerizations proceeded in DMSO in the presence of CuBr2 and Me6TREN as the catalytic system utilizing a UV source (λmax ≈ 360 nm). The technique proved highly versatile for the modification of CNCs with poly(methyl acrylate), where considerably high grafting was achieved in short reaction times (90 min), with simple purification steps. CNC morphology was maintained and polymer grafts were evident through FT-IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, contact angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron microscopy and x-ray diffraction.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Vanderfleet, O. M., et al.
(författare)
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Insight into thermal stability of cellulose nanocrystals from new hydrolysis methods with acid blends
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cellulose. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 26:1, s. 507-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: This study provides insight into the thermal degradation of cotton cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by tuning their physico-chemical properties through acid hydrolysis using blends of phosphoric and sulfuric acid. CNCs isolated by sulfuric acid hydrolysis are known to degrade at lower temperatures than CNCs hydrolyzed with phosphoric acid; however, the reason for this change is unclear. Although all CNCs are inherently relatively thermally stable, their application in polymer composites and liquid formulations designed to function at high temperatures could be extended if thermal stability was improved. Herein, thermogravimetric analysis was carried out on six types of CNCs (in both acid and sodium form) with different surface chemistry, surface charge density, dimensions, crystallinity and degree of polymerization (DP) to identify the key properties that influence thermal stability of nanocellulose. In acid form, CNC surface charge density was found to be the determining factor in thermal stability due to de-esterification and acid-catalyzed degradation. Conversely, in sodium form, surface chemistry and charge density had a negligible effect on the onset of thermal degradation, however, the DP of the cellulose polymer chains highly influenced stability. The presence of more reducing ends in lower DP nanocrystals is inferred to facilitate thermally-induced depolymerization and degradation. Degree of crystallinity did not significantly affect CNC thermal stability. Studying CNCs produced from single or blends of acids (and changing the counterion) elucidated the thermal behavior of cellulose and furthermore demonstrated new routes to tailor CNCs thermal and colloidal stability. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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