| 1. |
- Mavroidis, P., et al.
(författare)
-
Dose-Response Relations for Anal Sphincter Regarding Fecal Leakage and Blood or Phlegm in Stools after Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer Radiobiological Study of 65 Consecutive Patients
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Strahlenther Onkol. - 0179-7158. ; 181:5, s. 293-306
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: : The estimation of the parameters that describe the dose-response relations of anal sphincter regarding the clinical endpoints of fecal leakage and blood or phlegm in stools is important in the optimization of prostate cancer radiotherapy. Also, the validity of the relative seriality model for this clinical case needs to be examined by associating the clinical follow-up results with the predicted complication rates. PATIENTS AND METHODS: : In this study, 65 patients who received radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate adenocarcinoma are analyzed. The clinical treatment outcome and the three-dimensional dose distribution delivered to anal sphincter were available for each patient. A questionnaire was used for assessing the clinical bowel and urinary symptoms. A maximum likelihood fitting was performed to calculate the best estimates of the parameters used by the relative seriality model. The clinical utilization of the calculated parameters in predicting anal sphincter complication probabilities was illustrated by applying the best estimate of the parameters to a subset of the patient population. RESULTS: : The estimated values of the parameters for the two clinical endpoints are D (50) = 70.2 Gy, gamma = 1.22, s = 0.35 for fecal leakage and D (50) = 74.0 Gy, gamma = 0.75, s approximately 0 for blood or phlegm in stools. The standard deviations of the parameters were also calculated together with the confidence intervals of the dose-response curves. The analysis proved that the treatment outcome pattern of the patient material can suitably be reproduced by the relative seriality model (probability of finding a worse fit = 60.2%, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.72 and 0.69 and chi(2)-test = 0.97 and 0.86, respectively). CONCLUSION: : Fecal leakage is characterized by a medium relative seriality whereas blood or phlegm in stools was found to have strong volume dependence (low relative seriality). Diminishing the biologically effective uniform dose to anal sphincter < 40-45 Gy may significantly reduce the risk of fecal leakage or blood or phlegm in stools for patients irradiated for prostate cancer.
|
|
| 2. |
- Axelsson, H., et al.
(författare)
-
Candidates for Electron-Neutrino Mass Measurements - the Case of Kr-81
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 210:1-2, s. 249-252
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nuclear data of the known candidates for neutrino mass determination by resonant electron-capture beta decay are reviewed. New results are presented for the isotope 81Kr, where the transition to the 276 keV state has been found to have QEC=4.7±0.5 keV and a branching ratio of (3.0±0.2)×10−3
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Al-Abany, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Toward a definition of a threshold for harmless doses to the anal-sphincter region and the rectum
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. - 0360-3016. ; 61:4, s. 1035-44
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate dysfunction caused by unwanted radiation to the anal-sphincter region and the rectum. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A questionnaire assessing bowel symptoms, sexual function, and urinary symptoms was sent to 72 patients with clinically localized prostatic adenocarcinoma treated by external beam radiation therapy at the Radiumhemmet, Karolinska Hospital, in Stockholm, Sweden, 2-4 years after treatment. The mean percentage dose-volume histograms for patients with and without the specific symptom were calculated. RESULTS: Of the 65 patients providing information, 9 reported fecal leakage, 10 blood and mucus in stools, 10 defecation urgency, and 7 diarrhea or loose stools. None of the 19 and 13 patients who received, respectively, a dose of > or =35 Gy to < or =60% or > or =40 Gy to < or =40% of the anal-sphincter region volume reported fecal leakage (p < 0.05). In dose-volume histograms, a statistically significant correlation was found between radiation to the anal-sphincter region and the risk of fecal leakage in the interval 45-55 Gy. There was also a statistically significant correlation between radiation to the rectum and the risk of defecation urgency and diarrhea or loose stools in the interval 25-42 Gy. No relationship was found between anatomic rectal wall volume and the investigated late effects. CONCLUSIONS: Although the limited data in this study prevent the definition of a conclusive threshold regarding volume and dose to the anal-sphincter region and untoward morbidity, it seems that careful monitoring of unnecessary irradiation to this area should be done because it can potentially help reduce the risk of adverse effects, such as fecal leakage. Future studies should pay more attention to the anal-sphincter region and help to more rigorously define its radiotherapeutic tolerance.
|
|
| 5. |
- Borge, M. J. G., et al.
(författare)
-
Beta-Delayed Proton and Alpha Emission in the Decay of Ne-17
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 490:2, s. 287-306
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The beta-delayed proton and alpha spectra from 17Ne have been studied with Si-detectors. The Gamow-Teller strength in the decay of 17Ne has been extracted and compared with a two-particle-one-hole shell-model calculation. The experimental strength is quenched by a factor of 0.82 with respect to the calculated one. Furthermore, the decay scheme has been improved and is discussed in some detail. The proton emitting levels in 17F are very broad and the line shapes are strongly influenced by phase-space effects. Interference between peaks corresponding to the same intermediate spin is a prominent feature emerging clearly with the good resolution and statistics of the present work.
|
|
| 6. |
- Cronqvist, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Experimental-Determination of Cross-Talk between Neutron Detectors
- 1992
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - 0168-9002. ; 317:1-2, s. 273-280
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutron cross-talk measurements have been performed with 14.1 MeV neutrons for organic scintillator detectors with n-gamma discrimination capability. The probability for cross-talk between two 156 mm thick neutron detectors with a hexagonal cross section (effective diameter 167 mm) placed 0.33 m apart was found to be (2.5+/-1.1) 10(-4). A similar measurement between two 100 mm thick, cylindrically shaped detectors with 50 mm diameter and at 75 mm distance from each other yielded a cross-talk probability of (2.5+/-0.4) 10(-3). The measured cross-talk probabilities are in agreement with values from a Monte Carlo calculation.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
