| 1. |
- Hägglund, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Prevention of dislocation of the hip in children with cerebral palsy. The first ten years of a population-based prevention programme.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery: British Volume. - 2044-5377. ; 87:1, s. 95-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1994, a register for cerebral palsy and a health-care programme were started in southern Sweden with the aim of preventing dislocation of the hip in children with cerebral palsy. It involved all children with cerebral palsy born in 1992 or later. None of the 206 affected children born between 1992 and 1997 has developed a dislocation following the introduction of the prevention programme. Another 48 children moved into the area and none developed any further dislocation. Of the 251 children with cerebral palsy, aged between five and 11 years, living in the area on January 1, 2003, only two had a dislocated hip. One boy had moved into the area at age of nine with a dislocation and a girl whose parents chose not to participate in the programme developed bilateral dislocation. One boy, whose condition was considered to be too poor for preventative surgery, developed a painful dislocation of the hip at the age of five years and died three years later. Eight of 103 children in a control group, consisting of all children with cerebral palsy living in the area between 1994 and 2002, and born between 1990 and 1991, developed a dislocation of the hip before the age of six years. The decreased incidence of dislocation after the introduction of the prevention programme was significant (p < 0.001). Dislocation of the hip in cerebral palsy remains a serious problem, and prevention is important. Our screening programme and early intervention when lateral displacement of the femoral head was detected appear to be successful.
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| 2. |
- Valdimarsson, Örnolfur, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced training is associated with increased loss of BMD.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - 1523-4681. ; 20:6, s. 906-912
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This 8-year controlled, follow-up study in 66 Swedish soccer women evaluated the effect of training and reduced training on BMD. The players who retired during the follow-up lost BMD in the femoral neck, whereas the controls did not. Introduction: Physical activity during adolescence increases BMD, but whether the benefits are retained with reduced activity is controversial. Materials and Methods: At baseline, DXA evaluated BMD in 48 active female soccer players with a mean age of 18.2 ± 4.4 (SD) years, in 18 former female soccer players with a mean age of 43.2 ± 6.2 years and retired for a mean of 9.4 ± 5.3 years, and in 64 age- and sex-matched controls. The soccer women were remeasured after a mean of 8.0 ± 0.3 years, when 35 of the players active at baseline had been retired for a mean of 5.3 ± 1.6 years. Results and Conclusions: The players still active at follow-up had a higher BMD at baseline than the matched controls in the femoral neck (FN; 1.13 ± 0.19 versus 1.00 ± 0.13 g/cm2; p = 0.02). The yearly gain in BMD during follow-up was higher in the active players than in the controls in the leg (0.015 ± 0.006 versus 0.007 ± 0.012 g/cm2, p = 0.04). The soccer players who retired during follow-up had a higher BMD at baseline than the matched controls in the FN (1.13 ± 0.13 versus 1.04 ± 0.13 g/cm2; p = 0.005). The players that retired during follow-up lost BMD, whereas the controls gained BMD during the study period in the FN (−0.007 ± 0.01 versus 0.003 ± 0.02 g/cm2 yearly; p = 0.01). The soccer players already retired at baseline had higher BMD at study start than the matched controls in the leg (1.26 ± 0.09 versus 1.18 ± 0.10 g/cm2; p = 0.01). The former players who were retired at study start lost BMD, whereas the controls gained BMD during the study period in the trochanter (−0.006 ± 0.01 versus 0.004 ± 0.014 g/cm2 yearly; p = 0.01). This study shows that, in girls, intense exercise after puberty is associated with higher accrual of BMD, and decreased physical activity in both the short-term and long-term perspective is associated with higher BMD loss than in controls.
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| 3. |
- Alwis, Gayani, et al.
(författare)
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Normative dual energy X-ray absorptiometry data in Swedish children and adolescents.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 99, s. 1091-1099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To present normative dual energy X-ray absorptiometry data in healthy young Swedes. Methods: Included were 710 girls and 759 boys aged 6-30 years from southern Sweden. Bone mineral content, bone mineral density, bone size, lean body and fat mass were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in total body, lumbar spine, hip, arms and legs. Results: Swedish children had similar bone mass to children in the Netherlands but higher than children in Canada and Korea. Height, weight, bone mass, bone size and lean mass increased at a constant rate from age 6 until the rapid increase in all traits at puberty. The pubertal growth spurt started earlier in girls than in boys, while the spurt in boys was larger in magnitude and occurred for a longer period. Around one-quarter of the adult total body and lumbar spine peak bone mineral content was gained during the 2 years with the fastest gain in both genders. Conclusion: This study presents normative bone mass data in Swedish children, data that are similar to that in Dutch children but higher than in Canadian and Korean children. The gain in Swedish children seems to mimic the gain seen in children in other settings.
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| 4. |
- Dahlin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Compression of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus by a cervical rib in two adolescent girls : case reports and surgical treatment.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury. - : BioMed Central. - 1749-7221. ; 4, s. 14-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presence of a cervical rib in children is extremely rare, particularly when symptoms of compression of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus occur. We present two cases with such a condition, where two young girls, 11 and 16 years of age were treated by resection of the cervical rib after a supraclavicular exploration of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus. The procedure led to successful results, objectively verified with tests in a work simulator, at one year follow-up.
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| 5. |
- Dahlin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of early posterior shoulder dislocation in brachial plexus birth palsy.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1749-7221. ; 2:Dec 16, s. 24-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Posterior dislocation of the shoulder in brachial plexus birth palsy during the first year of life is rare but the incidence increases with age. The aim was to calculate the incidence of these lesions in children below one year of age. METHODS: The incidence of brachial plexus birth lesion and occurrence of posterior shoulder dislocation was calculated based on a prospective follow up of all brachial plexus patients at an age below one in Malmö municipality, Sweden, 2000-2005. RESULTS: The incidence of brachial plexus birth palsy was 3.8/1000 living infants and year with a corresponding incidence of posterior shoulder dislocation (history, clinical examination and x-ray) during the first year of 0.28/1000 living infants and year, i.e. 7.3% of all brachial plexus birth palsies. CONCLUSION: All children with a brachial plexus birth lesion (incidence 3.8 per thousand) should be screened, above the assessment of neurological recovery, during the first year of life for posterior dislocation of the shoulder (incidence 0.28 per thousand) since such a condition may occur in 7% of children with a brachial plexus birth lesion.
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| 6. |
- Dahlin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Injuries to the nerves associated with fractured forearms in children
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2073 .- 0284-4311. ; 41:4, s. 207-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Partial and complete injured median and ulnar nerves caused by fractures of the radius and ulna, respectively, in which the symptoms of nervous injury were induced at the time of fracture are reported. In cases with complete loss of nervous function early exploration should be considered at the time of reposition or plating of the fractured bones, or both, and in patients in whom nervous dysfunction occurs after the operation.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Düppe, Henrik
(författare)
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Bone mass in young adults - determinants and fracture prediction.
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bone mass in adolescents and young adults was studied with regard to its age-related change and its determinants. Methodological aspects of bone mass measurements and their ability to predict future fractures were investigated. Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed by the Single Photon Absorptiometry (SPA) and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) techniques. We demonstrate that results, when normative bone mass data are being collected, may depend on whether the study is population-based with randomly selected probands or selected by other means. Participation rate may also influence the outcome. In the same study population, higher BMD levels at several skeletal sites were found by increasing the participation-rate from 61.9 to 83.6%. A limited but significant reduction of forearm cortical BMD in women (<70 years) over the past two decades was found by comparing two samples of healthy women (n=271 and n=155). We conlude that this may be due to life-style changes. In a cross-sectional study of 332 subjects (175 men), age 15-42 years, peak bone mass occurred for both sexes at approximately age 20 in the hip and age 30 in the forearm, lumbar spine and total body. The drop in BMD following peak bone mass was most pronounced in the hip. In this study, 112 subjects (57 men) were studied longitudinally (mean 3.4 years). A high degree of conformity between cross-sectional and longitudinal bone mass data in the description of the age-related change in BMD was found. In a population-based study of 39 girls and 48 boys, childhood weight was found to be predictive of adolescent total body BMC but not total body BMD. This suggests that growth determines the size of the skeleton, whereas the density within that bone envelope is to a greater extent governed by other factors such as physical activity. Familial resemblance in BMD was studied in 40 biological daughter-mother-grandmother triads and 20 biological daughter-mother pairs. A significant correlation was found between age- and maturity-adjusted BMD Z-scores at all sites in the D-M relationship (r=0.25 - 0.39), only in the head for the M-G relationship (r=0.40) and not at all in the D-G relationship. This implies that environmental factors may modify the genetic impact on familial resemblance. In a study of active (n=96) and former (n=25) female fotball players we found higher BMD values in active players when compared with matched controls at several skeletal sites, most pronounced in the hip. The BMD advantage over controls was preserved in former players that had ended their active careers on an average 9.7 years prior to the study. A single bone density measurement of the forearm in a study including 410 women, was found to be predictive of a future fracture on a 25 year perspective. The relative risk (RR) of a fracture with a 1 SD decrease in BMD was 1.33 for all fragility fractures and 1.66 for a hip fracture.
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| 9. |
- Düppe, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term results of fracture of the scaphoid. A follow-up study of more than thirty years
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. - 1535-1386. ; 76:2, s. 249-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifty-six patients who had had a fracture of the scaphoid from January 1950 through December 1959 were interviewed, re-examined, and had radiographs made of both hands an average of thirty-six years (range, thirty-one to forty years) later. The average age at the time of the treatment was twenty-eight years (range, fifteen to forty-five years). Fifty-two of the fifty-six patients were treated at the time of the fracture; the other four had a non-union when first seen. The rate of non-union for the fresh fractures at the most recent follow-up examination was 10 per cent (five of fifty-two). Dorsal intercalated-segment instability was found in three of the fifty-six patients; all three had a pseudarthrosis and manifest radiocarpal osteoarthrosis. Marked radiocarpal osteoarthrosis developed in only one (2 per cent) of the forty-seven patients who had a healed fracture; it was far more common in the group that had a pseudarthrosis, in which the prevalence was five of nine patients. Manifest osteoarthrosis also seemed to be associated with pain or weakness: it had developed in only three (6 per cent) of the forty-nine patients who did not have any symptoms at the re-examination, compared with three of the seven who had symptoms.
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| 10. |
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