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- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Walton, Esther, et al.
(författare)
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Brain Structure in Acutely Underweight and Partially Weight-Restored Individuals With Anorexia Nervosa : A Coordinated Analysis by the ENIGMA Eating Disorders Working Group
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 92:9, s. 730-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The pattern of structural brain abnormalities in anorexia nervosa (AN) is still not well understood. While several studies report substantial deficits in gray matter volume and cortical thickness in acutely underweight patients, others find no differences, or even increases in patients compared with healthy control subjects. Recent weight regain before scanning may explain some of this heterogeneity. To clarify the extent, magnitude, and de-pendencies of gray matter changes in AN, we conducted a prospective, coordinated meta-analysis of multicenter neuroimaging data.METHODS: We analyzed T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging scans assessed with standardized methods from 685 female patients with AN and 963 female healthy control subjects across 22 sites worldwide. In addition to a case-control comparison, we conducted a 3-group analysis comparing healthy control subjects with acutely underweight AN patients (n = 466) and partially weight-restored patients in treatment (n = 251).RESULTS: In AN, reductions in cortical thickness, subcortical volumes, and, to a lesser extent, cortical surface area were sizable (Cohen's d up to 0.95), widespread, and colocalized with hub regions. Highlighting the effects of un-dernutrition, these deficits were associated with lower body mass index in the AN sample and were less pronounced in partially weight-restored patients.CONCLUSIONS: The effect sizes observed for cortical thickness deficits in acute AN are the largest of any psychiatric disorder investigated in the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium to date. These results confirm the importance of considering weight loss and renutrition in biomedical research on AN and underscore the importance of treatment engagement to prevent potentially long-lasting structural brain changes in this population.
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| 4. |
- Aubert, Salome, et al.
(författare)
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Global Matrix 3.0 Physical Activity Report Card Grades for Children and Youth: Results and Analysis From 49 Countries
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Activity and Health. - : HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC. - 1543-3080 .- 1543-5474. ; 15, s. S251-S273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Accumulating sufficient moderate to vigorous physical activity is recognized as a key determinant of physical, physiological, developmental, mental, cognitive, and social health among children and youth (aged 5-17 y). The Global Matrix 3.0 of Report Card grades on physical activity was developed to achieve a better understanding of the global variation in child and youth physical activity and associated supports. Methods: Work groups from 49 countries followed harmonized procedures to develop their Report Cards by grading 10 common indicators using the best available data. The participating countries were divided into 3 categories using the United Nations human development index (HDI) classification (low or medium, high, and very high HDI). Results: A total of 490 grades, including 369 letter grades and 121 incomplete grades, were assigned by the 49 work groups. Overall, an average grade of "C-," "D+," and "C-" was obtained for the low and medium HDI countries, high HDI countries, and very high HDI countries, respectively. Conclusions: The present study provides rich new evidence showing that the situation regarding the physical activity of children and youth is a concern worldwide. Strategic public investments to implement effective interventions to increase physical activity opportunities are needed.
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| 7. |
- Daga-Quisbert, Jeanett, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of the microbiome of the Bolivian high-altitude Lake Pastos Grandes
- 2023
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Ecology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0168-6496 .- 1574-6941. ; 99:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lake Pastos Grandes in Bolivia is mainly composed of salt flats, which are sporadically and only partially submerged during the wet season. In the present study, the chemical composition of water samples of the lake and some influent rivers was determined. We found that it is likely that the lake was influenced by the dilution of metals from ancient evaporites. We performed the first metagenomic studies of this lake. Analyses of shotgun metagenomics revealed that the relative abundances of Burkholderiales and Pseudomonadales were noteworthy in the water samples, whereas the archaea belonging to the Halobacteriales and Cyanobacteria from subsection III had high abundances in the salt flat. The eukaryotes Crustacea and Diatomea exhibited the highest abundances in the water samples. We investigated further the potential effect of human activities on the nitrogen cycle mobilization in the lake and the propagation of antimicrobial resistance genes. This is the first report about the cycle in the lake. Additionally, rifamycin resistance genes and genes related to efflux pumps, which are not considered a hazard when identified in metagenomes, had the uppermost relative abundances in all sampling points. We found that Lake Pastos Grandes hitherto does not show an appreciable influence by anthropogenic actions. The microbiome of Lake Pastos Grandes, including microbial distribution, the nitrogen cycle and antibiotic resistance genes, was analyzed.
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| 8. |
- Daga-Quisbert, Jeanett, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing water quality of a hypereutrophic alkaline urban lake and its coagulation-treated water using metagenomic analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - : Springer Nature. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932. ; 235:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study on Lake Alalay, an urban alkaline lake facing increasing pollution, focused on the impact of coagulation treatment on its water quality and microbiome. The findings revealed higher nutrient concentrations, specifically phosphate and ammonium, compared to the 2019 benchmark. The lake was found to be dominated by Proteobacteria, followed by Cyanobacteria, with Desulfobacterota thriving in areas with low dissolved oxygen. Arthrospira and Roseobacter, halo-alkali-tolerant photosynthetic bacterial genera, were detected at all sampling points. Local phosphate and oxygen concentration variations led to distinct microbial communities on the lake's surface. Despite these differences, long-term ex-situ studies on water treatment with iron chloride and poly-aluminum chloride reduced the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria, promoting the presence of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota. However, the coagulants required higher quantities than those typically used in small shallow lakes to precipitate phosphate and improve water quality effectively. Furthermore, the large-scale assay of lake water treatment with coagulants failed to eliminate Vibrio and Acinetobacter multidrug-resistant bacteria. In conclusion, the study underscores the need to prevent the inflow of polluted water into Lake Alalay and implement effective measures to deal with the existing chemical and biological contamination.
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| 9. |
- Ljungqvist, Emil E., et al.
(författare)
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Insights into the rapid metabolism of Geobacillus sp. LC300 : unraveling metabolic requirements and optimal growth conditions
- 2024
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Ingår i: Extremophiles. - : Springer Nature. - 1431-0651 .- 1433-4909. ; 28:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the metabolism of Geobacillus sp. LC300, a promising biorefinery host organism with high substrate utilization rates. A new defined medium was designed and tested that allows for exponential growth to elevated cell densities suitable for quantitative physiological studies. Screening of the metabolic requirements of G. sp. LC300 revealed prototrophy for all essential amino acids and most vitamins and only showed auxotrophy for vitamin B12 and biotin. The effect of temperature and pH on growth rate was investigated, adjusting the optimal growth temperature to several degrees lower than previously reported. Lastly, studies on carbon source utilization revealed a capability for fast growth on several common carbon sources, including monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides, and the highest ever reported growth rate in defined medium on glucose (2.20 h(-1)) or glycerol (1.95 h(-1)). These findings provide a foundation for further exploration of G. sp. LC300's physiology and metabolic regulation, and its potential use in bioproduction processes.
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