| 1. |
- Alerby, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Ömsesidig samverkan mellan pedagogisk forskning och pedagogisk praktik
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Utbildning på vetenskaplig grund. - Stockholm : Lärarförbundet. - 9789197808835 ; , s. 22-32
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vad innebär det i praktiken att skolans och förskolans verksamhet skall vila på vetenskaplig grund och beprövad erfarenhet? Det vi tycker är intressant att lyfta fram är på vilket sätt forskningen bedrivs, hur forskningsfrågorna kommer till och hur resultaten kommer den pedagogiska praktiken tillgodo. I denna artikel diskuterar och problematiserar vi relationen mellan den pedagogiska forskningen och förskolans och skolans verksamhet. Diskussionerna exemplifieras från ett konkret forsknings- och samverkansprojekt, där forskning och praktik har gått hand i hand. Vidare ger en forskare, en doktorand, en lärarutbildare, en skolledare och en lärare sin personliga syn på samverkan mellan pedagogisk forskning och praktik.
|
|
| 2. |
- Anderson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Oral microflora in preschool children attending a fluoride varnish program: a cross-sectional study.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: BMC oral health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6831. ; 16:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To compare the oral microflora in preschool children attending a fluoride varnish program with a reference group receiving a standard oral health program without fluoride varnish applications. A second aim was to relate the microbial composition to the caries prevalence.Five hundred seven 3-year-old children were enrolled from a cohort of 3403 preschool children taking part in a community based oral health project. Two hundred sixty-three of them had attended caries-preventive program with semi-annual applications of a fluoride varnish since the age of 1year (test group) while 237 had received standard preventive care (reference group). Oral samples were collected with a sterile swab and analysed with checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization using 12 pre-determined bacterial probes. Caries and background data were collected from clinical examinations and questionnaires.Gram-positive streptococci (S. intermedius, S. salivarius, S. oralis) were most frequently detected and displayed the highest counts in both groups. There were no significant differences between the groups concerning prevalence of any of the selected bacterial strains except for S. oralis that occurred less frequently in the reference group. In children with caries, V. parvula were significantly more common (p<0.05) while strains of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Neisseria were more prevalent among the caries-free children (p<0.05).A 2-year community program with semi-annual fluoride varnish applications did not seem to significantly influence the oral microflora in preschool children.www.controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN35086887) 20131216 'retrospectively registered'.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bergmark, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
-
Full of value : improving school learning through the development of an ethical community
- 2008
-
Ingår i: The Fifteenth International Conference on Learning.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This workshop presents a school improvement process in an area in Northern Sweden. The shared goal for this school area is to develop and sustain an ethical learning community from pre-schools to secondary schools. In an ethical learning community it is important that children's views and thoughts are listened to and taken seriously. Adults, especially the teachers, have a responsibility to encourage the children to be committed to managing their own learning. Adults bring forward fundamental democratic values, which are discussed with the children. In an ethical community there is an ambition that both children and adults will work and learn together with respect and empathy, in order to enable children to grow as humans. Principals, teachers and children from the school area and also researchers from a local university are involved in this on-going process. Different perspectives on the process will be highlighted in the workshop: a principal's view on the importance of bridging practice in schools together with research for improvement in school and a teacher's view on reflection as a way for development, growth and change. Finally we will present the outcomes so far with children and teachers from this school area.
|
|
| 4. |
- Dahlén, Anders, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Estimating the limiting reducing power of SmI2/H2O/amine and YbI2/H2O/amine by efficient reduction of unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: The Journal of organic chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-3263 .- 1520-6904. ; 71:4, s. 1576-80
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mixture of samarium diiodide, amine, and water (SmI2/H2O/Et3N) is known to be a particularly powerful reductant, but until now the limiting reducing power has not been determined. A series of unsaturated hydrocarbons with varying half-wave reduction potentials (E(1/2) = -1.6 to -3.4 V, vs SCE) have been treated with SmI2/H2O/Et3N and YbI2/H2O/Et3N, respectively. All hydrocarbons with potentials of -2.8 V or more positive were readily reduced with SmI2/H2O/Et3N, whereas all hydrocarbons with potentials of -2.3 V or more positive were readily reduced using YbI2/H2O/Et3N. This defines limiting values of the chemical reducing power of SmI2/H2O/Et3N to -2.8 V and of YbI2/H2O/Et3N to -2.3 V vs SCE.
|
|
| 5. |
- Dahlén, Anders, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring SmBr2-, SmI2-, and YbI2-mediated reactions assisted by microwave irradiation.
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). - : Wiley. - 0947-6539. ; 11:11, s. 3279-84
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of microwave heating in lanthanide(II) halide (LnX2 = SmBr2, SmI2, and YbI2) mediated reduction and coupling reactions has been investigated for a variety of functional groups including alpha,beta-unsaturated esters, aldehydes, ketones, imines, and alkyl halides. Good to quantitative transformations were obtained within a few minutes without the addition of any co-solvents, such as hexamethyl phosphoramide (HMPA). The redox potential of YbI2 in tetrahydrofuran (THF) has been determined as -1.02+/-0.05 V (versus Ag/AgNO3) by cyclic voltammetry. A large selectivity difference in various reactions was observed depending on the redox potential of the LnX2 reagent. The more powerful reductant, SmBr2, afforded mainly pinacol-coupling products of ketones whereas the weaker reductant YbI2 afforded mainly reduction products. The results indicate that the reducing power of LnX2 has a large impact on not only the pinacol coupling/reduction product ratio of ketones but also on other substrates in which there are competing coupling and reduction reactions. The use of in situ generated LnX2 has also been explored and proven useful in many of these reactions.
|
|
| 6. |
- Dahlén, Anders, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Mechanistic study of the SmI2/H2O/amine-mediated reduction of alkyl halides: amine base strength (pKBH+) dependent rate.
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 127:23, s. 8340-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The kinetics of the SmI(2)/H(2)O/amine-mediated reduction of 1-chlorodecane has been studied in detail. The rate of reaction is first order in amine and 1-chlorodecane, second order in SmI(2), and zero order in H(2)O. Initial rate studies of more than 20 different amines show a correlation between the base strength (pK(BH+) of the amine and the logarithm of the observed initial rate, in agreement with Bronsted catalysis rate law. To obtain the activation parameters, the rate constant for the reduction was determined at different temperatures (0 to +40 degrees C, DeltaH++ = 32.4 +/- 0.8 kJ mol(-1), DeltaS++ = -148 +/- 1 J K(-1) mol(-1), and DeltaG++(298K) = 76.4 +/- 1.2 kJ mol(-1)). Additionally, the (13)C kinetic isotope effects (KIE) were determined for the reduction of 1-iododecane and 1-bromodecane. Primary (13)C KIEs (k(12)/k(13), 20 degrees C) of 1.037 +/- 0.007 and 1.062 +/- 0.015, respectively, were determined for these reductions. This shows that cleavage of the carbon-halide bond occurs in the rate-determining step. A mechanism of the SmI(2)/H(2)O/amine-mediated reduction of alkyl halides is proposed on the basis of these results.
|
|
| 7. |
- Dahlén, Anders, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Microwave-assisted generation of lanthanide(II) halides in THF and simple quantitative determination
- 2004
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 1434-1948 .- 1099-0682. ; :15, s. 3020-3024
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lanthanide(II) reagents (SMI2, SmBr2, YbI2, EuI2) have been prepared rapidly in high yields using microwave-assisted heating. Samarium diiodide is obtained as a saturated solution in THF (0.13 m) within 5 min and ytterbium diiodide (0.065 m) after 45 min. A simple method for quantitative determination of LnX(2) in THF is also described by utilizing the instantaneous reaction with ketones in the presence of an amine and water. This method establishes the concentration of the active single - electron-donor species, i.e. Ln(2+). ((C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004).
|
|
| 8. |
- Dahlén, Anders, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Samarium(II) iodide mediated reductions - Influence of various additives
- 2004
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 1434-1948 .- 1099-0682. ; :17, s. 3393-3403
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Samarium(II) iodide is a one-electron transfer reagent that has become highly appreciated as a mild and selective reducing agent in recent years. It has been found experimentally that various additives and co-solvents largely control the reactivity of SmI2. This microreview provides an overview of the current knowledge of the reagent SmI2 as a reducing agent, in particular with additives that increase its reactivity. The use of various proton sources is covered, as well as the effect of co-solvents. Furthermore, the very powerful reagent mixture SmI2/H2O/amine is also described. (C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004.
|
|
| 9. |
- Fabricius, Lars, 1928, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of residual bacteria on periapical tissue healing after chemomechanical treatment and root filling of experimentally infected monkey teeth.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836. ; 114:4, s. 278-85:114, s. 278-285
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to determine the influence on the healing of the periapical tissues when selected bacterial strains and combinations thereof remain after root canal treatment; and, second, the relationship to healing of the quality of the root filling. In eight monkeys, 175 root canals, previously infected with combinations of four or five bacterial strains and with radiographically verified apical periodontitis, were endodontically treated, bacteriologically controlled, and permanently obturated. After 2-2.5 yr, the periapical regions were radiographically and histologically examined. Of these teeth, 48 root canals were also examined for bacteria remaining after removal of the root fillings. When bacteria remained after the endodontic treatment, 79% of the root canals showed non-healed periapical lesions, compared with 28% where no bacteria were found. Combinations of residual bacterial species were more frequently related to non-healed lesions than were single strains. When no bacteria remained, healing occurred independently of the quality of the root filling. In contrast, when bacteria remained, there was a greater correlation with non-healing in poor-quality root fillings than in technically well-performed fillings. In root canals where bacteria were found after removal of the root filling, 97% had not healed, compared with 18% for those root canals with no bacteria detected. The present study demonstrates the importance of obtaining a bacteria-free root canal system before permanent root filling in order to achieve optimal healing conditions for the periapical tissues.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
