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- Weghuber, D., et al.
(författare)
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A 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of weekly exenatide in adolescents with obesity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Pediatric Obesity. - 2047-6302 .- 2047-6310. ; 15:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Pharmacological treatment options for adolescents with obesity are very limited. Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist could be a treatment option for adolescent obesity.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of exenatide extended release on body mass index (BMI)-SDS as primary outcome, and glucose metabolism, cardiometabolic risk factors, liver steatosis, and other BMI metrics as secondary outcomes, and its safety and tolerability in adolescents with obesity.METHODS: Six-month, randomized, double-blinded, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients (n = 44, 10-18 years, females n = 22) with BMI-SDS > 2.0 or age-adapted-BMI > 30 kg/m2 according to WHO were included. Patients received lifestyle intervention and were randomized to exenatide extended release 2 mg (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) subcutaneous injections given once weekly. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were conducted at the beginning and end of the intervention.RESULTS: Exenatide reduced (P < .05) BMI-SDS (-0.09; -0.18, 0.00), % BMI 95th percentile (-2.9%; -5.4, -0.3), weight (-3 kg; -5.8, -0.1), waist circumference (-3.2 cm; -5.8, -0.7), subcutaneous adipose tissue (-552 cm3 ; -989, -114), 2-hour-glucose during OGTT (-15.3 mg/dL; -27.5, -3.1), total cholesterol (11.6 mg/dL; -21.7, -1.5), and BMI (-0.83 kg/m2 ; -1.68, 0.01) without significant change in liver fat content (-1.36; -3.12, 0.4; P = .06) in comparison to placebo. Safety and tolerability profiles were comparable to placebo with the exception of mild adverse events being more frequent in exenatide-treated patients.CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of adolescents with severe obesity with extended-release exenatide is generally well tolerated and leads to a modest reduction in BMI metrics and improvement in glucose tolerance and cholesterol. The study indicates that the treatment provides additional beneficial effects beyond BMI reduction for the patient group.
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- Arnab, Sylvester, et al.
(författare)
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A Conceptual Model Towards the Scaffolding of Learning Experience
- 2015. - 1
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Ingår i: Games and Learning Alliance. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319229591 - 9783319229607 ; , s. 83-96
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The challenge of delivering personalized learning experiences is amplified by the size of classrooms and of online learning communities. In turn, serious games are increasingly recognized for their potential to improve education, but a typical requirement from instructors is to gain insight into how the students are playing. When we bring games into the rapidly growing online learning communities, the challenges multiply and hinder the potential effectiveness of serious games. There is a need to deliver a comprehensive, flexible and intelligent learning framework that facilitates better understanding of learners’ knowledge, effective assessment of their progress and continuous evaluation and optimization of the environments in which they learn. This paper aims to explore the potential in the use of games and learning analytics towards scaffolding and supporting teaching and learning experience. The conceptual model discussed aims to highlight key considerations that may advance the current state of learning analytics, adaptive learning and serious games, by leveraging serious games as an ideal medium for gathering data and performing adaptations. This opportunity has the potential to affect the design and deployment of education and training in the future.
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- Aydin, Banu K., et al.
(författare)
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High levels of FSH before puberty are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome during pubertal transition
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pediatric Obesity. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2047-6302 .- 2047-6310. ; 17:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background During perimenopause, the rise in serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is associated with increased adiposity, insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, data for the pubertal period, which is characterized by increasing FSH levels and changing body composition, are limited. Objectives To investigate the relationships between FSH and anthropometric changes, IR markers, and development of MetS in the peripubertal period. Methods Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Childhood Obesity (ULSCO) is an ongoing study that aims to understand the factors contributing to childhood obesity and the development of obesity-related diseases. We analysed the subset of participants who were prepubertal at the first visit (n = 95, 77 with obesity). Mean follow-up time was 3.0 +/- 1.4 years. Results Higher serum FSH levels at the first visit were associated with an increased likelihood of elevation in body mass index (BMI SDS) (p = 0.025, OR = 16.10) and having MetS (p = 0.044, OR = 4.67) at the follow-up. We observed nonlinear relationships between varying serum FSH levels and markers of adiposity and IR, especially in girls. At the first visit, when girls were prepubertal, FSH was negatively associated with BMI (beta = -0.491, p = 0.005) and positively associated with sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (beta = 0.625, p = 0.002). With the progression of puberty, negative associations between BMI and SHBG disappeared while FSH became positively associated with HOMA-IR (beta = 0.678, p = 0.025) and fasting insulin (beta = 0.668, p = 0.027). Conclusions Higher serum FSH levels in prepubertal children were associated with an increased risk of MetS development during pubertal transition. Along with nonlinear associations between varying serum FSH levels and IR markers, our results might imply a relationship between FSH and IR of puberty.
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| 5. |
- Baalsrud Hauge, Jannicke Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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Learning Analytics Architecture to Scaffold Learning Experience through Technology-based Methods
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Serious Games. - : Serious Games Society. - 2384-8766. ; 2:1, s. 29-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The challenge of delivering personalized learning experiences is often increased by the size of classrooms and online learning communities. Serious Games (SGs) are increasingly recognized for their potential to improve education. However, the issues related to their development and their level of effectiveness can be seriously affected when brought too rapidly into growing online learning communities. Deeper insights into how the students are playing is needed to deliver a comprehensive and intelligent learning framework that facilitates better understanding of learners' knowledge, effective assessment of their progress and continuous evaluation and optimization of the environments in which they learn. This paper discusses current SOTA and aims to explore the potential in the use of games and learning analytics towards scaffolding and supporting teaching and learning experience. The conceptual model (ecosystem and architecture) discussed in this paper aims to highlight the key considerations that may advance the current state of learning analytics, adaptive learning and SGs, by leveraging SGs as an suitable medium for gathering data and performing adaptations.
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| 7. |
- Brax, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
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A Study of Anomaly Detection in Data from Urban Sensor Networks
- 2012
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Ingår i: Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642341694 - 9783642346200 ; , s. 185-196
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many sensor systems used in urban environments, the amount of data produced can be vast. To aid operators of such systems, high-level information fusion can be used for automatically analyzing the surveillance information. In this paper an anomaly detection approach for finding areas with traffic patterns that deviate from what is considered normal is evaluated. The use of such approaches could help operators in identifying areas with an increased risk for ambushes or improvised explosive devices (IEDs).
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| 8. |
- Cadamuro, Janne, et al.
(författare)
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Deviating glucose results in an international dual-center study. A root cause investigation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biochemia Medica. - : Croatian Society for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine. - 1330-0962 .- 1846-7482. ; 32:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During a dual-center study on obese and normal weight children and adolescents, focusing on glucose metabolism, we observed a marked difference in glucose results (N = 16,840) between the two sites, Salzburg, Austria and Uppsala, Sweden (P < 0.001). After excluding differences in patient characteristics between the two populations as cause of this finding, we investigated other preanalytic influences. Finally, only the tubes used for blood collection at the two sites were left to evaluate. While the Vacuette FC-Mix tube (Greiner Bio-One, Kremsmunster, Austria) was used in Uppsala, in Salzburg blood collections were performed with a lithium heparin tube (LH-Monovette, Sarstedt, Germany). To prove our hypothesis, we collected two blood samples in either of these tubes from 51 children (Salzburg N = 27, Uppsala N = 24) and compared the measured glucose results. Indeed, we found the suspected bias and calculated a correction formula, which significantly diminished the differences of glucose results between the two sites (P = 0.023). Our finding is in line with those of other studies and although this issue should be widely known, we feel that it is widely neglected, especially when comparing glucose concentrations across Europe, using large databases without any information on preanalytic sample handling.
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