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- Artigas, J., et al.
(författare)
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Towards a renewed research agenda in ecotoxicology
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier BV. - 0269-7491. ; 160, s. 201-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New concerns about biodiversity, ecosystem services and human health triggered several new regulations increasing the need for sound ecotoxicological risk assessment. The PEER network aims to share its view on the research issues that this challenges. PEER scientists call for an improved biologically relevant exposure assessment. They promote comprehensive effect assessment at several biological levels. Biological traits should be used for Environmental risk assessment (ERA) as promising tools to better understand relationships between structure and functioning of ecosystems. The use of modern high throughput methods could also enhance the amount of data for a better risk assessment. Improved models coping with multiple stressors or biological levels are necessary to answer for a more scientifically based risk assessment. Those methods must be embedded within life cycle analysis or economical models for efficient regulations. Joint research programmes involving humanities with ecological sciences should be developed for a sound risk management. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Fritt-Rasmussen, J., et al.
(författare)
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Hydrocarbon and Toxic Metal Contamination from Tank Installations in a Northwest Greenlandic Village
- 2012
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Ingår i: Water Air and Soil Pollution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932. ; 223:7, s. 4407-4416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contamination from tank installations in the Arctic is an important issue, since tanks are a necessary feature of all communities, and may be a source of local pollution. Soil samples from below and around three tank installations and one reference site in the Northwest Greenlandic village of Tasiusaq were analysed for the total content of hydrocarbons (THC), lead, cadmium and organic content in the soil. Concentrations up to 77,000 mg/kg DW THC were found, mainly as weathered oil products. Elevated levels of lead and cadmium were also found in many of the samples, with concentrations up to 300 and 2 mg/kg DW, respectively. The tank installation areas were contaminated by THC, lead and cadmium compared to the reference site, and parts of the areas were highly contaminated, exceeding the Danish environmental quality criteria. The correlation between lead and cadmium concentrations was significant (p < 0.01), while no correlation existed between THC and organic matter. Small spills from daily use of the tank installations are suggested to be the source of the THC contamination, whereas the lead and cadmium contamination is suggested to originate primarily from the plume of smoke from waste incineration.
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| 4. |
- Gelin, Johan, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment efficacy of intermittent claudication by surgical intervention, supervised physical exercise training compared to no treatment in unselected randomised patients I: one year results of functional and physiological improvements.
- 2001
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Ingår i: European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884. ; 22:2, s. 107-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: to compare the effect of surgery, exercise and simple observation on maximum exercise power in claudicants. Design: prospective, randomised study. METHODS: a total of 264 unselected claudicants were randomised to supervised exercise training, invasive treatment (open surgical or endovascular procedures) or observation. One year treatment outcomes were analysed on an intention to-treat basis. RESULTS: invasively treated patients showed a significant improvement in maximum walking power, stopping distance, post-ischaemic blood flow and big toe pressure at one year. Patients randomised to physical exercise training or to the control group did not improve in any outcome measure. CONCLUSION: invasive treatment increased walking capacity, leg blood pressure and flow. Supervised physical exercise training offered no therapeutic advantage compared to untreated controls.
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| 5. |
- Levan, G, et al.
(författare)
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Selective gene amplification in mammalian cells
- 1984
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Ingår i: Hereditas. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.. - 0018-0661. ; , s. 278-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selective gene amplification in mammalian cells is now recognized as a common cellular response to selection in a number of different toxic drugs, such as methotrexate (MTX). coformycin, PALA, hydroxyurea (HU), vincristine (VCR). colcemid (COL) and actinomycin D (AMD). Recently, we have studied SEWA murine tumor cells in culture exhibiting the pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) phenotype. Cells subjected to stepwise selection in AMD, VCR or COL all develop double minute chromosomes (DM), which are a cytogenetic expression of gene amplification. These lines overproduce a 21 K acidic soluble protein and show a high degree of cross resistance, which is typical for the PDR phenotype. Other workers have shown that cells with this phenotype exhibit a shift in membrane-bound glycoproteins from 90- 100 K to 150-170 K. Thus, it is likely that several genes are involved in the development of the PDR phenotype. We have isolated a fraction highly enriched in DM from an AMD-resistant SEWA subline. DNA was extracted from this fraction, and several DM-specific DNA-probes were developed. These probes were used to study independently derived SEWA sublines resistant to AMD, VCR, COL, MTX and HU. The results showed that the investigated amplified DNA-segments in AMD-, VCR-. and COL-resistant lines exhibited a high degree of sequence sequence homology, indicating that basically the same segment was amplified in the 3 inductions. In contrast. the amplified DNA-segments in MTX- and HU-resistant lines that do not show the PDR phenotype, displayed no sequence homology to the probes used.
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| 6. |
- Lund-Hansen, L. C., et al.
(författare)
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Summer meltwater and spring sea ice primary production, light climate and nutrients in an Arctic estuary, Kangedussuaq, west Greenland
- 2018
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Ingår i: Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-0430 .- 1938-4246. ; 50:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The estuary is dominated by sea ice and snow cover from winter to spring, and a highly turbid meltwater plume during summer. The aims were to quantify the variability in optical conditions, inorganic nutrients, and primary production between these two extremes, and identify the drivers of variability. Data were obtained during a summer cruise along a transect in the estuary in August 2007, and a spring campaign on the ice in March 2011. The study comprises conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD), K-d (PAR), K-d (A), PAR transmittance, photic depth, chl-a, nutrients (NO3, NO2, NH3 , PO4, and SiO2), primary production, and sediment concentrations. PAR transmittance varied between 5% below snow and ice and 85% in clear water with 44% in turbid meltwater. Primary production rates were similar below the ice in March (76.8 mg C m(-2) d(-1)) and in the highly turbid meltwater in August (94.8 mg C m(-2) d(-1)), but higher (246.6 mg C m(-2) d(-1)) at the mouth of the fjord. Meltwater inflow was the main driver of variability during summer and the snow and sea ice during spring. Under-ice primary production will increase three-fold with less snow on the sea ice, and the higher meltwater turbidity with increased melting of glacial ice and runoff will only reduce primary production slightly.
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