| 1. |
- Dahlstrand, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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ÅTERTRÄFF MED DÅTIDEN. EN RETROSPEKTIV ANALYS AV 1970-TALETS KRIMINALPOLITIK
- 2018
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Ingår i: Festskrift till Håkan Hydén. - 9789154405756 ; , s. 121-147
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kapitlet beskriver hur kritiken mot den straffrättsliga behandlingstanken formulerades av dåtidens radikala jurister och hur feministisk kritik mot av- och nedkriminalisingar på sexualbrottsområdet kom att forma ett kriminalpolitiskt perspektivskifte. Utgångspunkten är att 1970-talet utgör en kriminalpolitisk vändpunkt och att det därför är viktigt att återkommande reanalysera genom närläsningar av de centrala texterna för att förstå dagens situation. Den moderna svenska välfärdsstaten hade långtgående ambitioner att bryta med den traditionella straffrättens logik. I dess ställe presenterades radikala program som ville komma åt orsaken till kriminaliteten genom ett brett spektra av åtgärder. Varför övergavs denna proaktiva och sociala hållning som intuitivt kan upplevas som mer rättvis och effektiv och varför har istället kränkningsbegreppet blivit så centralt? Kapitlet är skriven utifrån ett rättssociologiskt perspektiv och knyter an främst till verk av Håkan Hydén och Hydéns beskrivning av spänningen mellan välfärdsrättens materiella innehåll med avvägningsnormer i centrum och den traditionella juridikens normrationella logik med pliktnormer i centrum.
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| 2. |
- Dahlstrand, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Ära ur ett rättssociologiskt perspektiv
- 2016
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Ingår i: Festskrift till Karsten Åström. - 9789154405695 ; , s. 131-131
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Banakar, Reza, et al.
(författare)
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Law, Love and Responsibility : A Note on Solidarity in EU Law
- 2018
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Ingår i: Festskrift till Håkan Hydén. - 9789154405756 ; , s. 69-83
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper argues that although solidarity was developed as a principle in EU law to enhance the unity and cooperation between the Member States, its viability at the transnational level remains ultimately a function of its efficacy at the micro level of EU citizens. The question at the core of this inquiry concerns, therefore, how micro and macro dimensions of solidarity are related to each other sociologically and what their relationship means for EU law and the EU’s integration policy. The paper begins by taking a closer look at how the notion of solidarity has been conceptualised within sociology and the sociology of law, before examining the role of solidarity in EU law and policy. It concludes by arguing that the crisis of solidarity must be reexamined in the context of the contradictory policies pursued by the EU which, on the one hand, promote social conflicts while, on the other hand, seek to stabilise social conditions by appealing to a European sense of solidarity. This turns the EU into a source of anxiety that generates a negative form of solidarity, one which is tribal in nature and lends itself easily to the populist tide of nationalism and fear that is currently sweeping across Europe.
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| 5. |
- Berggren, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Reperfusion of Free Full-Thickness Skin Grafts in Periocular Reconstructive Surgery Monitored Using Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. - 1537-2677. ; 37:4, s. 324-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Free skin grafts are frequently used in reconstructive surgery. However, little is known about the course of reperfusion due to the previous lack of reliable perfusion monitoring techniques. The aim of this study was to use state-of-the-art laser speckle contrast imaging to monitor free skin grafts in the periocular area.METHODS: Seven patients needing surgery due to tumor removal or cicatricial ectropion in the periocular region underwent reconstructive surgery using free skin grafts from either the contralateral upper eyelid or the upper inner arm. The free skin grafts measured 10-30 mm horizontally and 9-30 mm vertically. Blood perfusion was monitored using laser speckle contrast imaging immediately postoperatively (0 weeks) and at follow-up after 1, 3, and 7 weeks.RESULTS: All grafts were reperfused gradually during healing, the median value being 46% in the central part of the graft after 1 week and 79% after 3 weeks. The grafts were completely reperfused after 7 weeks. No difference was observed in the rate of reperfusion between the center and periphery of the grafts (p = not significant). The cosmetic and functional outcome was excellent in all but 1 patient, who developed ectropion that had to be surgically corrected.CONCLUSIONS: Skin grafts in the periorbital area are fully reperfused after 7 weeks. The periocular area is known to be well-vascularized and thus forgiving to reconstructive surgery. Future investigations of the reperfusion of free skin grafts in other parts of the body or in higher-risk populations should be carried out.
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| 6. |
- Berggren, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Revascularization After H-plasty Reconstructive Surgery in the Periorbital Region Monitored With Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. - 1537-2677. ; 37:3, s. 269-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: H-plasty reconstructive surgery is commonly used to close defects after tumor excision in the periorbital region. Revascularization of the bipedicle skin flaps is essential for healing. However, it has not previously been possible to study this revascularization in humans due to the lack of noninvasive perfusion monitoring techniques. The aim was to monitor perfusion in H-plasty flaps during surgery and during postoperative follow-up, using laser speckle contrast imaging.METHOD: H-plasty, i.e., bipedicle random advancement skin flaps, was used for reconstruction of the eyelids after tumor removal in 7 patients. The median length and width of the skin flaps were 13 mm (range, 8-20 mm) and 10 mm (range, 5-11 mm), respectively. Blood perfusion was measured using laser speckle contrast imaging during surgery and at follow up 1, 3, and 6 weeks postoperatively, to monitor revascularization.RESULTS: Immediately postoperatively, the perfusion in the distal end of the flaps had fallen to 54% (95% CI, 38%-67%). The perfusion then quickly increased during the healing process, being 104% (86%-124%) after 1 week, 115% (94%-129%) after 3 weeks, and 112% (96%-137%) after 6 weeks. There was no clinically observable ischemia or tissue necrosis.CONCLUSIONS: Revascularization of the H-plasty procedure flaps occurs quickly, within a week postoperatively, presumably due to the existing vascular network of the flap pedicle, and was not dependent on significant angiogenesis. This perfusion study confirms the general opinion that H-plasty is a good reconstructive technique, especially in the periorbital region with its rich vascular supply.
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| 7. |
- Berggren, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Revascularization of Free Skin Grafts Overlying Modified Hughes Tarsoconjunctival Flaps Monitored Using Laser-Based Techniques
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. - 1537-2677. ; 35:4, s. 378-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: It has recently been shown that the flap pedicle does not supply blood to a tarsoconjunctival graft in the modified Hughes procedure in patients. This raises questions concerning the rate of revascularization of the free skin graft commonly used to reconstruct the anterior lamella. The aim of this study was, thus, to monitor the course of revascularization in free skin grafts overlying modified Hughes tarsoconjunctival flaps, using laser-based techniques.Methods: Free skin grafts from the upper eyelid or upper arm in 9 patients were used to cover a tarsoconjunctival flap according to the modified Hughes procedure. Blood perfusion was monitored using laser speckle contrast imaging, and vascular reactivity was studied with laser Doppler velocimetry after heating the tissue to 44°C. Measurements were made at the time of surgery (baseline) and at 1, 3, 8, and 16 weeks postoperatively.Results: The gradual increase in perfusion of the free skin grafts during the healing process indicates revascularization. A slight increase in perfusion was seen already after 1 week. Perfusion reached 50% of the baseline after 3 weeks, and complete restoration of perfusion was seen after 8 weeks. The vascular function monitored with heat-induced hyperemia increased in a similar fashion.Conclusions: Full-thickness skin grafts revascularize within 3 to 8 weeks, despite overlying a tarsoconjunctival flap, which has recently been reported to be avascular. This provides further evidence that it should be possible to repair large eyelid defects using free full-thickness eyelid grafts.
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| 8. |
- Bergwall, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Law, Materiality & Justice
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Studies in Law : Law without the state - Law without the state. - 9789185142767 ; 62, s. 35-60
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Can law still play a central role in governing human behavior even if the state law may have become less important? Whether law without the state is possible depends, of course, on how we define “law” and “state”. But it also depends on the perspective from which one approaches the legal material. From a sociology of law perspective, as will be presented in this chapter, the topic has a slightly different signification and consequence than within traditional legal dogmatics. After all, going back to the pioneers of sociological jurisprudence and sociology of law as, for example, Roscoe Pound (1870-1964) and Eugene Ehrlich (1862-1922), we hear the echoes of a time when the state had not yet grown so strong (Berman 1983). Surely, the times of Pound and Ehrlich were characterized less by “state-law” compared to present times. Still, would we describe the early 20th Century as governed by “non-state law”?In the first section, Materialism Revisited, we briefly show how materialism with roots in Marxian and Althusserian thought is making its way back into social theory. The implication is a challenge of importunate dichotomies, such as the social subject/object and the legal ought/is. In the next section, we proceed with the theoretical developments, labelled new materialism, emphasizing the flows generated by social and legal structures, rather than the structures per se. We then proceed to one of the main objectives of this chapter, the discussion building on the argument that materialist conceptions are essential in empirically grounded justice theories. Hence, the Justice section includes a brief overview of classical justice theories, followed by the critique of them, and a proposition that materialistic, evidencebased procedural justice theories are better equipped for socio-legal research compared to more idealistically grounded justice theories. We then present a research project which is about how distributive and procedural justice affects the intention to disclose personal health information in online contexts. We conclude by stating that, what we label emergent social order, i.e., the interplay between law, materiality and social normativity, is important for understanding the current condition, which is characterized by some as governed by “non-state law”.
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| 9. |
- Bergwall, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Tracing Critical Realism in the Work of Åström
- 2016
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Ingår i: Festskrift till Karsten Åström. - 9789154405695 ; , s. 75-94
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this chapter is to discuss the possibilities of a critical realist sociology of law set against the background of the work of Professor Karsten Åström. Thus, in the next section I give a short description of Åström’s ”sociolegal stance”, and specifically his concept of parallel norm creating processes. I then proceed, in the third section, to describe the basics of Roy Bhaskar’s critical realism as a philosophy of science. This is followed in the fourth section by the recapitulation of Bhaskar’s own dialectical critical realism (DCR), which is built on the dialectics of Hegel and Marx. In section five, I move on to the legal theory of the critical realist law professor Alan Norrie with a focus on Norrie’s critique of ”liberal law”. Thereafter, in section six, I specifically highlight Norrie’s call for a sociology of law in the spirit of DCR, beyond legal positivist and poststructuralist conceptions of law. Then, in section seven, I discuss the potential critical realism of Åström’s work by reflecting on the analysis model of legal regulation (AMLR), applied in analyses of legal norms, e.g., in social service agencies. This is followed by how conceiving of AMLR dialectically may enable new ways for understanding social conflicts and social change in the field of social welfare. This is, in the final section, demonstrated by the case of EU migrants residing legally in Sweden but without the right to social welfare. In this case, an external social institution, an NGO, succeeded to influence, open up and ultimately collaborate with the local public administration, resulting in new policy with the potential to improve the living conditions for the migrants.
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| 10. |
- Bohman, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Novel Evidence Concerning Lacrimal Sac Movement Using Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound Examinations of Lacrimal Drainage Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. - 1537-2677. ; 37:4, s. 334-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Current hypothesis regarding the mechanism of active tear drainage is based on studies performed ex vivo or under nonphysiological conditions. Novel ultra-high-frequency ultrasound has the advantage of generating images with superior resolution, enabling measurements of low flow in small vessels, and the tracking of tissue motion in real time. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lacrimal drainage system and active drainage using this modality.METHODS: The upper lacrimal drainage system was investigated with 40-70 MHz ultrasound in 22 eyes in 13 patients. Irrigation confirmed a lacrimal obstruction in 10 eyes. Motion tracking was used to map movement of the lateral lacrimal sac wall and to measure flow when possible.RESULTS: The anatomy of the upper lacrimal drainage system was mapped in vivo, including the proximal canaliculi, which have not previously been imaged. The lacrimal sac lumen is slit shaped in its resting state but is distended when irrigated or if a nasolacrimal duct obstruction is present. Thus, the healthy lacrimal sac is not a cavity, and the medial retinaculum does not act against a stretched structure. Motion tracking visualized the "lacrimal pump," showing that the direction of motion of the lateral lacrimal sac wall is mainly in the sagittal plane during blinking.CONCLUSIONS: Ultra-high-frequency ultrasound allows detailed physiological monitoring of the upper lacrimal drainage system in vivo. Our findings suggest that current theories of active tear drainage need to be reappraised.
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