| 1. |
- Andersson, Kristina, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Chafing borderlands: obstacles for science teaching and learning in preschool teacher education.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cultural Studies of Science Education. - : Springer Nature. - 1871-1502 .- 1871-1510. ; 15:2, s. 433-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines preservice preschool teachers’ university science education experience.The empirical data are from a research and intervention project conducted on teacher education programs at two Swedish universities. We analyzed one of the assignments completed by 111 students within a science course as well as their conversations about the assignment at a number of seminars. We combined culture contrast and thematic analysis to examine the data. The results showed a tension between the preschool culture and the university science culture. We described this tension between the boundary lines of the two cultures as a chafing borderland. These cultures do not merge, and the defined boundaries cause chafing with each other. We discuss ways of diminishing this chafing of borderlands, potential border crossings such as caring and children as boundary objects and equalizing power imbalances.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Anna T, Danielsson, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Power and Knowledge in the Technology Classroom : The Development and Illustration of a Conceptual Framework
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the constitution of power and knowledge in science and technology classrooms. A deepened examination of the teaching of science and technology is partly motivated by these subjects high status in society, how they portrayed as crucial both for the individual, in order to function in an increasingly technologically advanced society, and for the society at large, while finding it increasingly difficult to attract interest among the youth. In the Swedish context, where this research is carried out, it can further be noted that while the country is top-ranked on a number of equality indices and in general has a reputation that highlights its commitment to eradicating social inequalities, the labour market is still highly gender segregated and in university educations focused on the physical sciences and engineering men are substantially overrepresented (Nyström 2009, Alexandersson 2011). This somewhat paradoxical situation further motivates studies of how science and technology are constructed in and beyond the classroom in Sweden, since often cited reasons to women's underrepresentation in science and technology in, for example, the U.S., such as the legislation regarding parental leave and the tenure clock (Rosser 2012), is much less applicable to the Swedish context. In our research project we take a particular interest in a period where research show that many students lose interest in science and technology, namely the last years of compulsory schooling (cf. Lindahl 2003, Archer et al. 2010). By a deepened exploration of how power and knowledge interrelate in moment-to-moment interactions in the classroom we therefore hope to provide some additional clues as to how micro-inequalities, adding up to patterns of exclusion in science and technology (Rosser 2012), occur in the classroom context.The aim of this paper is to develop and illustrate the use of a conceptual framework for exploring how power relations are constituted in the technology classroom – in terms of what Foucault (1982/2002) conceptualises as 'actions upon actions' (p. 340) – by the research questions:1) How are teacher actions communicating how and what knowledge is privileged in the classroom?2) How is this knowledge privileging establishing power relations, in terms of possibilities for student actions?
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| 4. |
- Anna T, Danielsson, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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The enactment of power within ‘didactical contracts’ of classroom teaching
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper reports on an empirical exploration of the constitution of power and knowledge in science and technology classrooms. A deepened examination of the teaching of science and technology is partly motivated by these subjects high status in society, how they are portrayed as crucial both for the individual, in order to function in an increasingly technologically advanced society, and for the society at large, while finding it increasingly difficult to attract interest among the youth . We are interested in how (instances of) teacher-student interaction can be understood as simultaneously contributing to meaning making and producing power relations. The empirical design is based on a purposive sampling of classrooms. The paper draws on three video recorded case studies of physics and technology teaching, with students in the ages 14-17. The analysis is focused on how actions initiated by the teachers (analysed in terms of epistemological moves (Lidar et al. 2006)) and the responses to these actions are functional in constituting a ‘didactical contract’ (Brousseau & Warfield 1999). In our paper we contrast the didactical contracts for the three studied classrooms, and discuss how power relations must be understood as integral to these contracts. Furthermore, a key concern in the analysis is to take the situatedness of the studied classroom seriously, by theoretically and empirically acknowledging that these classrooms are by no means isolated from surrounding structural factors (e.g. gendered disciplinary and societal norms). How to address this concern is something we are keen to discuss during the conference.
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| 5. |
- Berge, Maria, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Constructions of power and knowledge in the technology classroom
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to investigate how knowledge and power are constituted in meaning-making processes in technology classrooms in relation to the teachers’ enactment of a disciplinary discourse. By collecting video data from a Swedish technology classroom in grade 8 we explore interaction on a micro-level. Our examination of the teaching of technology is motivated by the fact that this is a key period for students engagement in technology and that many students are losing interest in the subject during grades 7-9. Our analysis is guided by an analytical framework based on practical epistemology, teachers’ epistemological moves and the theory of didactical contract as completely implicit but highly powerful aspect of the relationship between teacher and student. Our analysis reveals that in the interaction between a teacher and her pupils both knowledge and power are mutually constituted in meaning-making processes, and are not possible to separate. It is therefore fruitful to use an analytical framework that includes both meaning-making and power in further research.
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| 6. |
- Berge, Maria, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Different stories of group work: Exploring problem solving in engineering education
- 2012
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Ingår i: NorDiNa. - 1504-4556 .- 1894-1257. ; 8:1, s. 3-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to further the understanding of group work in higher education, primarily in science. This is done through an empirical investigation of problem solving in small groups. Position theory is used as an analytic tool for describing the complex and dynamic processes of group work, focusing simultaneously on the physics content and the student community and how they constitute each other. We analysed four video-recorded sessions with students from two Master’s programs, Engineering Physics and Bioengineering, respectively. The students addressed two introductory mechanics problems. The analysis resulted in a characterisation in terms of seven ‘storylines’ of two different kinds. These are argued to reflect different aspects of engineering student communities, where one kind of storylines captures ways of approaching the problems and the other kind exemplifies boundary work involved in the constitution of communities.
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| 7. |
- Berge, Maria, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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The power within the 'didactical contract': An exploration of questions in science and technology classrooms
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to further contribute to the understanding of the role that teachers may have for learning in science. We are interested in how teacher-student interaction can be understood as simultaneously contributing to meaning making and producing power relations. In particular, focus is on how questions are used by the teachers, since this gives an insight into which knowledge that is privileged in the situation (Wertsch 1991), in other words what is included and excluded. The study draws on eleven video recorded lessons of physics and technology teaching, with students aged 13-17. The teachers’ actions were coded in relation to the students’ interactions, following how practical epistemological analysis considers interactions as a language game where people create meaning together (Lidar et al. 2006). In a second stage, the analysis focused on how ‘epistemological moves’ are functional in constituting a ‘didactical contract’, that is ‘the (specific) set of behaviours of the teacher which are expected of the students and the set of behaviours of the student which are expected by the teacher’ (Brousseau & Warfield 1999). The main outcome of the study is the development of a conceptual framework for analysing the simultaneous constitution of knowledge and power in the classroom. The teachers’ actions affect students’ learning opportunities in the sense that the questions govern the didactical contract of a physics or technology lesson. Our analyses foreground relations between teaching practices and students’ learning opportunities within the physics and technology classroom: what is considered as important and relevant for the subject and the lesson, which in turn is seen as foundational in constituting power relations in classrooms.
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| 8. |
- Danielsson, Anna T, 1978-
(författare)
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Doing Physics - Doing Gender : An Exploration of Physics Students' Identity Constitution in the Context of Laboratory Work
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden today women are greatly under-represented within university physics and the discipline of physics is also symbolically associated with men and masculinity. This motivates in-depth investigations of issues of physics, learning and gender.This thesis explores how physics students' simultaneously constitute the practice of physics as enacted in student and research laboratories and their physicist identities in relation to this practice. In particular, it focuses on how these constitutions can be understood as gendered. Previously, physics education research has often limited 'gender perspective' to focusing on comparisons between man and woman students, whereas this study conceptualises gender as an aspect of social identity constitution. A point of departure for the thesis is the theoretical framework which combines situated learning theory and post-structural gender theory. This framework allows for a simultaneous analysis of how students 'do physics' and 'do gender', thereby making a theoretical contribution to physics education research.In the empirical study twenty-two undergraduate and graduate physics students were interviewed about their physics studies, with a particular focus on laboratory work.The analytical outcomes of the study illustrate a wide variety of possible identity constitutions and possible ways of constituting the physicist community of practice. For example, the students expressed conflicting interpretations of what are suitable practices in the student laboratory in terms of the value of practical versus analytical skills. The boundaries of the physicist community of practice are constituted in relation to, for example, other disciplines, interdisciplinary practices and a traditional femininity practice. Thus, the thesis demonstrates the complexity in physics students gendered negotiations of what it can mean to be a physicist.The ambition of the thesis is further to promote discussions about gender and physics, by engaging readers in critical reflections about the practice of physics, and, thus, to inform the teaching practice of physics.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Danielsson, Anna T., Professor, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Young Peoples’ Online Science Practices as a Gateway to Higher Education STEM
- 2023
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Ingår i: Research in science education. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0157-244X .- 1573-1898. ; 53:4, s. 759-770
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this manuscript is to explore how students perceive that online practices have enabled their participation in university physics programmes. In order to conceptualise how students bridge their science participation across physical and online spaces, we make use of the learning ecology perspective. This perspective is complemented with the notion of science capital, analysing how students have been able to strengthen different aspects of science capital through online participation. Data has been generated through semi-structured interviews guided by a timeline, constructed in collaboration between the interviewer and the interviewee. Twenty-one students enrolled in higher education physics have been interviewed, with a focus on their trajectories into higher education physics. The findings focus on four students who in various ways all have struggled to access science learning resources and found ways to utilise online spaces as a complement to their physical learning ecologies. In the manuscript, we show how online practices have contributed to the students’ learning ecologies, e.g. in terms of building networks and functioning as learning support, and how resources acquired through online science practices have both use and exchange value in the wider science community. Online science participation is thus both curiosity driven and founded in instrumental reasons (using online tutoring to pass school science). Furthermore, we argue that online spaces have the potential to offer opportunities for participation and network building for students who do not have access to science activities and science people in their everyday surroundings.
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