| 1. |
- Davoodi, Anahita, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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A Conceptual Framework for Integration of Evidence-Based Design with Lighting Simulation Tools
- 2017
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Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 7:4
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of lighting simulation tools has been growing over the past years which has improved lighting analysis. While computer simulations have proven to be a viable tool for analyzing lighting in physical environments, they have difficulty in assessing the effects of light on occupant’s perception. Evidence-based design (EBD) is a design method that is gaining traction in building design due to its strength in providing means to assess the effects of built environments on humans. The aim of this study was to develop a conceptual framework for integrating EBD with lighting simulation tools. Based on a literature review, it was investigated how EBD and lighting simulation can be combined to provide a holistic lighting performance evaluation method. The results show that they can mutually benefit from each other. EBD makes it possible to evaluate and/or improve performance metrics by utilizing user feedback. On the other hand, performance metrics can be used for a better description of evidence, and to analyze the effects of lighting with more details. The results also show that EBD can be used to evaluate light simulations to better understand when and how they should be performed. A framework is presented for integration of lighting simulation and EBD
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| 2. |
- Davoodi, Anahita, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of lighting simulation tools with focus on lighting quality
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- By the rise of concerns for global warming, reducing emissions via lowering energy consumption has become a necessity in every sector and the lighting sector is no exception. However, it should not come at the cost of lighting quality and user comfort which is a common practice in today’s lighting design and energy reduction initiatives. The “energy reduction” view should change toward “value driven optimization” in which energy reduction is balanced against lighting quality and user comfort for optimization of the total value of the building. As the use of IT technology grows in lighting design, constant reviews of the software tools are necessary in order to evaluate their performance and ability to design value driven lighting.The main objective of this paper is to compare different lighting simulation tools with respect to their ability to simulate lighting quality both artificial and daylight. The indicators for the comparison are defined based upon findings from another project “criteria for good lighting quality” that is currently being conducted at the same university. First, current numerical metrics for lighting quality are summarized. Then, different simulation tools are evaluated based on a literature study. The outcome of this research summarizes the strength and shortcomings of a number of simulation tools.
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| 3. |
- Davoodi, Anahita, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Current use of lighting simulation tools in Sweden
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the findings of a web-based survey on the current use of lighting simulation tools in Sweden. The objective was to understand which lighting simulation tools are currently used in Sweden and to understand the design practitioners’ needs for future software development. The results showed that lighting simulation programs are widely used in Sweden. However, the respondents paid less attention to daylight than to artificial light. The respondents’ principal training methods were university courses and self-study. Interior illuminance values, glare indexes, and the daylight factor were the most commonly calculated simulation outputs. “Ease of use” and “accuracy” were identified as the most important factors in the use of the software, while “slowness of simulations process” causes the most dissatisfaction. Dialux was the most popular software program used.
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| 4. |
- Davoodi, Anahita, 1979-
(författare)
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Lighting simulation for a more value-driven building design process
- 2016
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Concerns about global warming are increasing, hence, the urgency to cut carbon emissions. Reducing energy consumption, including lighting energy, is seen as the primary solution. Yet, solving the environmental factor should not come at the cost of other pillars of sustainable development. Rather, maximizing the total value of the building should be the focus. Maximizing value in the context of lighting entails improving the quality of the lighting. This study has investigated how lighting simulation could help in achieving better lighting quality. The aim of the thesis was defined as to understand the underlying architecture of lighting simulation and obtain an overview of its characteristics and applications as well as to study the use of current simulation tools.The theoretical background of lighting simulation (in the domain of Systems Engineering) was reviewed from the literature. This revealed the missing and imperfect links in the solution-to-value chain. The thesis suggests the use of a new base metric, Retinal Illuminance Map, as a solution, which in combination with black box simulation of a visual system can help repair this incomplete chain.The study of the current lighting simulation tools (Paper 1) revealed that illuminance-based metrics, luminance-based metrics, daylight availability metrics, and glare indexes are the most available performance metrics in existing lighting simulation tools. Based on usability, acceptability, availability, and previous references in the literature six software programs (Radiance, DAYSIM, Evalglare, DIALux, VELUX, and VISSLA) were selected and compared. It was found that no single tool could meet all the needs of a designer, hence, simulation tool(s) should be selected (or combined) according to the requirements of project goals and the stage of design.Building on these studies, applications of lighting simulation were identified and compiled in relation to different aspects, including performance metrics, stages of design, optimization, model integration, BIM, and parametric modeling.To obtain first-hand information about lighting designers’ experience, an online survey was conducted in Sweden (Paper 2). The results showed that lighting simulation programs were widely (90%) used in Sweden for analysis and/or rendering purposes. The majority of lighting designers considered both daylight and artificial light in their design. Factors such as ease-of use, simulation time and training had more weight than accuracy and the diversity of metrics in practitioner’s eyes. Surrogate modeling was identified as a solution for speeding up simulation time, which would also enable exploration of design solution space especially in the early design stage.
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| 5. |
- Davoodi, Anahita, 1979-
(författare)
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Supporting evidence-based design using lighting simulations : A framework for lighting simulation of visual comfort in building design
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This research aims to integrate lighting simulation into the evidence-based design process for achieving improved lighting outcomes in built environments with a particular emphasis on visual comfort analysis in office settings. The objectives of the study include 1) understanding the current usage of lighting simulation tools, learning designers’ experiences' and needs, 2) providing a conceptual framework to integrate the use of lighting simulation in the evidence-based design (EBD) process, 3) testing the usage of the conceptual framework (named EBD-SIM) through two field studies.First, the lighting simulation tools were reviewed from multiple perspectives reflecting their current state in terms of main characteristics and applications. The usage of lighting simulation tools was investigated by conducting an online survey among lighting designers in 2014. The results showed that lighting simulation programs were widely used in Sweden, with DIALux being the most popular. The most calculated metrics were interior illuminance, glare indexes, and daylight factors. Ease of use and simulation speed were the most important factors in selecting these tools (Paper I). The changes and developments in the usage of lighting simulation tools over five years were investigated by conducting the second survey in 2019. The comparison between the two surveys revealed that DIALux remained the most popular tool though its usage slightly dropped,and the usage of Radiance-based programs was improved. In both surveys, illuminancewas the most frequently calculated metric for both daylight and electric light.In the second part of this thesis, the integration of simulation tools in the Evidence-Based Design (EBD) process was explored, leading to the development of an integrated conceptual framework, named EBD-SIM (Paper II). The application of the EBD-SIM framework with a focus on the post-occupancy evaluation (POE) step was tested with two field studies in an existing office building in Sweden (Paper III & Paper IV). Occupant visual comfort was investigated using holistic objective-subjective evaluation with different sample sizes (N=15, N=45), different times of the year (October and June), and two groups of occupants (within-subject and between-subject study). Both studies confirmed that point-in-time illuminance had the highest correlation with perceived visual comfort by occupants. The study in June showed that annual daylight performance metrics also had some degree of correlation with occupant satisfaction. It also revealed that, at least for the variables related to daylight, a POE study needs to be conducted at different times of the year to obtain a more comprehensive picture of the user perception of the lit environment. Using simulation tools also in the POE step of EBD has several advantages. The calculated performance metrics give an overview of the lit environment's objective characteristics, making it possible to document them and provide more explicit evidence for further investigation. In addition, the simulated model can be used further to generate other performance metrics should it become necessary based on further evidence.
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| 6. |
- Davoodi, Anahita, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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The Implementation of Visual Comfort Evaluation in the Evidence-Based Design Process Using Lighting Simulation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3417. ; 11:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Validation of the EBD-SIM (evidence-based design-simulation) framework, a conceptual framework developed to integrate the use of lighting simulation in the EBD process, suggested that EBD's post-occupancy evaluation (POE) should be conducted more frequently. A follow-up field study was designed for subjective-objective results implementation in the EBD process using lighting simulation tools. In this real-time case study, the visual comfort of the occupants was evaluated. The visual comfort analysis data were collected via simulations and questionnaires for subjective visual comfort perceptions. The follow-up study, conducted in June, confirmed the results of the original study, conducted in October, but additionally found correlations with annual performance metrics. This study shows that, at least for the variables related to daylight, a POE needs to be conducted at different times of the year to obtain a more comprehensive insight into the users' perception of the lit environment.
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| 7. |
- Davoodi, Anahita, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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The use of lighting simulation in the evidence-based design process : A case study approach using visual comfort analysis in offices
- 2020
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Ingår i: Building Simulation. - : Springer. - 1996-3599 .- 1996-8744. ; 13:1, s. 141-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EBD-SIM (evidence-based design, simulation) framework is a conceptual framework developed to integrate the use of lighting simulation in the EBD process to provide a holistic performance evaluation method. A real-time case study, executed in a fully operational office building, is used to demonstrate the framework’s performance. The case study focused on visual comfort analysis. The objective is to demonstrate the applicability of the developed EBD-SIM framework using correlations between current visual comfort metrics and actual human perception as evaluation criteria. The data were collected via simulation for visual comfort analysis and via questionnaires for instantaneous and annual visual comfort perception. The study showed that for user perception, the most crucial factor for visual comfort is the amount of light on a task area, and simple metrics such as Eh-room and Eh-task had a higher correlation with perceived visual comfort than complex performance metrics such as Daylight Autonomy (DA). To improve the design process, the study suggests that, among other things, post-occupancy evaluations (POEs) should be conducted more frequently to obtain better insight into user perception of daylight and subsequently use new evidence to further improve the design of the EBD-SIM model.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Enger, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Visual Perception and Criteria for Good Lighting
- 2015
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Ingår i: Color and Image. - : The International Colour Association.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study is conducted as a subproject in a PhD-project titled Criteria for Good Lighting. The overall aim of the study is to, based on visual qualities - rather than physical measurements - research the possibility of creating lighting environments that inspires comfort and meets function while providing energy efficiency. The study’s specific objective
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