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- Andler, Sten F., et al.
(författare)
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Information Fusion from Databases, Sensors and Simulations : A Collaborative Research Program
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769523064 ; , s. 234-241
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides an overview of a collaborative research program in information fusion from databases, sensors and simulations. Information fusion entails the combination of data from multiple sources, to generate information that cannot be derived from the individual sources. This area is of strategic importance for industry and defense, as well as public administration areas such as health care, and needs to be pursued as an academic subject. A large number of industrial partners are supporting and participating in the development of the area. The paper describes the program’s general approach and main research areas, with a particular focus on the role of information fusion in systems development
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- Brolin, Anna
(författare)
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An investigation of cognitive aspects affecting human performance in manual assembly
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Modern manufacturing systems seem to be shifting from mass production to mass customisation, which means that systems must be able to manage changes in customer demands and requirements, new technology as well as environmental demands. This in turn leads to an increase in product variants that need to be assembled. To handle this issue, well designed and presented information is vital for assembly workers to perform effective and accurate assembly tasks. In this thesis the main focus has been to find factors that affect human performance in manual assembly. A literature review was made on the subject of manufacturing and usability as well as basic cognitive abilities used to utilise information, such as memory. This investigation identified applicable factors for assessing human cognitive performance within the research field of manufacturing. The thesis further investigates how some of these factors are handled in manual assembly, using case studies as well as observational studies. The results show that how material and information are presented to the assembler needs to be considered in order to have a positive effect on the assembly operation. In addition, a full factorial experimental study was conducted to investigate different ways of presenting material and information at the workstation while using mixed assembly mode with product variants. The material presentation factor involved the use of a material rack compared to using an unstructured kit as well as a structured kit and the information presentation factor involved using a text and number instruction compared to a photograph instruction. The results showed that using a kit is favourable compared to the traditional material rack, especially when using a structured kit combined with photographic instruction. Furthermore, the use of unstructured kits can lead to better productivity and reduced perceived workload, compared to a material rack. Although they are perhaps not as good as using a structured kit, they most likely bring a lower cost, such as man-hour consumption and space requirements. However, the number of components in an unstructured kit needs to be considered in order to keep it on a manageable level. As a conclusion, several scenarios were developed in order to understand how different assembly settings can be used in order to improve human performance at the assembly workstation.
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- Bäckstrand, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Attention, Interpreting, Decision-Making and Acting in Manual Assembly
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 23rd International Manufacturing Conference: IMC 23. - : University of Ulster. ; , s. 165-172
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a modern manufacturing environment, data and information are a vital part of the manufacturing process and in particular for supporting the value adding activities. Modern manufacturing information systems allow fast distribution of, and access to, data and information. However, the technical improvements of manufacturing information systems do not always create the benefits that were expected from them. This paper discusses this problem in the context of manual assembly tasks. Attention, interpretation and decision-making are important drivers for how well the assembly tasks are performed - the acting. In other words, the acting is governed by how and when the attention of the assembly operator is caught, how easily the information can be interpreted, and to what extent the information is useful for decision making. The aim with the work is to find and present why data and information provided on the shop floor often fails to prevent quality problems; not seldom this data and information actually causes the problems. This paper focuses on one of the core issues related to assembly data and information, namely “active attention” and how this is triggered. If active information seeking behaviour is not present on the assembly shop floor, then the probability for a quality problem increases.
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- Bäckstrand, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Ergonomics analysis in a virtual environment
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Manufacturing Research. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1750-0591. ; 2:2, s. 198-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulation can support the design of an ergonomic workplace by enabling early assessment of ergonomic conditions in a virtual environment. An important feature is the possibility to study alternative solutions or the effect of improvements from an ergonomics perspective. To be able to conduct an efficient and reliable evaluation in a virtual environment, an objective analysis method is essential. Such an analysis method should be integrated in the simulation software, and support a company's everyday ergonomics work process. In order to gain from existing ergonomics knowledge within a company, the possibility to implement such wisdom in the current simulation software becomes important. This paper presents an implementation work done with the purpose of integrating an established ergonomics work process into a virtual environment. It describes the benefits of an ergonomics work process where simulation and evaluation at early stages of a design process are key factors. The paper will also describe the integration process, i.e., the technical issues as well as the change in work methods.
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- Bäckstrand, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Ergonomics Analysis in a Virtual Environment
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 23rd International Manufacturing Conference: IMC 23. - : University of Ulster. ; , s. 543-550
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulation can support the design of an ergonomic workplace by enabling early assessment of ergonomic conditions in a virtual environment. An important feature is the possibility to study alternative solutions or the effect of improvements from an ergonomics perspective. To be able to conduct an efficient and reliable evaluation in a virtual environment, an objective analysis method is essential. Such an analysis method should be integrated in the simulation software, and support a company’s everyday ergonomics work process. In order to gain from existing ergonomics knowledge within accompany, the possibility to implement such wisdom in the current simulation software becomes important.This paper presents an implementation work done with the purpose of integrating an established ergonomics work process into a virtual environment. It describes the benefits of an ergonomics work process where simulation and evaluation at early stages of a design process are key factors. The paper will also describe the integration process, i.e. the technical issues as well as the change in work methods.
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