| 1. |
- Dehmel, Naira, et al.
(författare)
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Combining service design and discrete choice experiments for intervention design : An application to weather index insurance
- 2021
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Ingår i: MethodsX. - : Elsevier. - 1258-780X .- 2215-0161. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we provide a detailed description of the methodological steps involved in conducting a Service Design study in combination with Discrete Choice Experiments (DCEs). It complements the conceptual and epistemological argument developed for this methodological combination in Osborne et al. (2021, World Development, in review WD-19535). Service Design for the co-creative development of policy interventions in complex adaptive systems involves an iterative process of moving between the six methodological stages of (1) problem co-definition, (2) actor-centred mapping, (3) experience-based problem diagnosis, (4) rapid prototyping, (5) design and testing and (6) upscaling. We suggest using DCEs as a quantitative method that is contextually adaptable and comparatively fast and cheap to implement, as part of stage (6) design and testing. Whilst both methods can operate independently with their own strengths and limitations, we find their combination to add value to the processes and outcomes of each. We illustrate the general methodological approach with a step-by-step description of its application to Weather Index Insurance in eastern Uganda. Bullet points: Service Design co-creatively develops well-targeted solutions in complex adaptive systems. Discrete Choice Experiments quantitatively elicit actors preferences over the design of goods or services. Their combination can bring deeply contextualised, user-centred, operational and experimentally verified ideas for development interventions prior to their implementation. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 2. |
- Krauss-Etschmann, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Of flies, mice and men : a systematic approach to understanding the early life origins of chronic lung disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: Thorax. - : BMJ. - 0040-6376 .- 1468-3296. ; 68:4, s. 380-384
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite intensive research efforts, the aetiology of the majority of chronic lung diseases (CLD) in both, children and adults, remains elusive. Current therapeutic options are limited, providing only symptomatic relief, rather than treating the underlying condition, or preventing its development in the first place. Thus, there is a strong and unmet clinical need for the development of both, novel effective therapies and preventative strategies for CLD. Many studies suggest that modifications of prenatal and/or early postnatal lung development will have important implications for future lung function and risk of CLD throughout life. This view represents a fundamental change of current pathophysiological concepts and treatment paradigms, and holds the potential to develop novel preventative and/or therapeutic strategies. However, for the successful development of such approaches, key questions, such as a clear understanding of underlying mechanisms of impaired lung development, the identification and validation of relevant preclinical models to facilitate translational research, and the development of concepts for correction of aberrant development, all need to be solved. Accordingly, a European Science Foundation Exploratory Workshop was held where clinical, translational and basic research scientists from different disciplines met to discuss potential mechanisms of developmental origins of CLD, and to identify major knowledge gaps in order to delineate a roadmap for future integrative research.
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| 3. |
- Lambe, Fiona, et al.
(författare)
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Design Devices for Human Development : A Capabilities Approach in Kenya and Uganda
- 2022
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Ingår i: She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8726 .- 2405-8718. ; 8:2, s. 217-243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite progress in recent decades, many crucial challenges to the eradication of extreme poverty remain intractable. Development interventions often fail to deliver sustained, transformational outcomes to households and communities. The field of design has demonstrated its capacity to deliver designed artifacts that enhance the livelihoods and well-being of people living in resource poor communities, but it remains unclear how its tools can contribute to interventions seeking multidimensional and transformational development outcomes. We present insights from two case studies, conducted in Kenya and Uganda, where a service design approach was applied to the design of two development interventions: a clean cookstove and fuel system, and an innovative insurance product to help farmers cope with climate variability. In both cases, experience mapping, archetype construction, and prototyping served to reveal individual needs, capacities, and values, and enabled the translation of this information into design features for the interventions. Using Amartya Sens capabilities approach as an ex post analytical frame, we show how these devices could guide designers seeking to deliver transformational development outcomes when co-designing services that aim for environmental sustainability and social well-being among low-income communities.
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| 4. |
- Osborne, Matthew, et al.
(författare)
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Designing development interventions: The application of service design and discrete choice experiments in complex settings
- 2022
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Ingår i: World Development. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0305-750X .- 1873-5991. ; 158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The persistence of problems such as endemic poverty, rising inequalities, climate change and biodiversity loss demands us to find solutions which are embedded in a highly complex web of interacting social, technological, and ecological processes. Service design (SD), an approach to directly involve citizens in the development and improvement of services and systems, shows promise as a tool to support the design of interventions to address complex development challenges in the Global South. In this paper we describe how service design was used alongside discrete choice experiments (DCEs) to inform the design of a Weather Index Insurance product for small holder farmers in Uganda. As part of the service design process, we used archetypes to capture and articulate the multiple vulnerabilities of farmers and quickly test prototype insurance packages to identify important design features. DCEs tested promising design features in a manner that complemented as well as triangulated the service design phase. The results of both phases were used to inform the design of a WII product that has been taken up by major insurance providers in Uganda. The approach complements and builds on qualitative work typically done to inform DCEs by opening up space for research participants to question core assumptions, and by involving respondents directly in the process of designing a future service.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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