| 1. |
- Wendisch, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)(3) Project
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. - : American Meteorological Society. - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 104:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mechanisms behind the phenomenon of Arctic amplification are widely discussed. To contribute to this debate, the (AC)(3) project was established in 2016 (www.ac3-tr.de/). It comprises modeling and data analysis efforts as well as observational elements. The project has assembled a wealth of ground-based, airborne, shipborne, and satellite data of physical, chemical, and meteorological properties of the Arctic atmosphere, cryosphere, and upper ocean that are available for the Arctic climate research community. Short-term changes and indications of long-term trends in Arctic climate parameters have been detected using existing and new data. For example, a distinct atmospheric moistening, an increase of regional storm activities, an amplified winter warming in the Svalbard and North Pole regions, and a decrease of sea ice thickness in the Fram Strait and of snow depth on sea ice have been identified. A positive trend of tropospheric bromine monoxide (BrO) column densities during polar spring was verified. Local marine/biogenic sources for cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles were found. Atmospheric-ocean and radiative transfer models were advanced by applying new parameterizations of surface albedo, cloud droplet activation, convective plumes and related processes over leads, and turbulent transfer coefficients for stable surface layers. Four modes of the surface radiative energy budget were explored and reproduced by simulations. To advance the future synthesis of the results, cross-cutting activities are being developed aiming to answer key questions in four focus areas: lapse rate feedback, surface processes, Arctic mixed-phase clouds, and airmass transport and transformation.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Svennberg, E, et al.
(författare)
-
How to use digital devices to detect and manage arrhythmias: an EHRA practical guide
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1532-2092. ; 24:6, s. 979-1005
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 4. |
- Kalarus, Zbigniew, et al.
(författare)
-
Cardiac arrhythmias in the emergency settings of acute coronary syndrome and revascularization : an European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document, endorsed by the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI), and European Acute Cardiovascular Care Association (ACCA)
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1099-5129 .- 1532-2092. ; 21:10, s. 1603-1604
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite major therapeutic advances over the last decades, complex supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias (VAs), particularly in the emergency setting or during revascularization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remain an important clinical problem. Although the incidence of VAs has declined in the hospital phase of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), mainly due to prompt revascularization and optimal medical therapy, still up to 6% patients with ACS develop ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation within the first hours of ACS symptoms. Despite sustained VAs being perceived predictors of worse in-hospital outcomes, specific associations between the type of VAs, arrhythmia timing, applied treatment strategies and long-term prognosis in AMI are vague. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular tachyarrhythmia that may be asymptomatic and/or may be associated with rapid haemodynamic deterioration requiring immediate treatment. It is estimated that over 20% AMI patients may have a history of AF, whereas the new-onset arrhythmia may occur in 5% patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction. Importantly, patients who were treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention for AMI and developed AF have higher rates of adverse events and mortality compared with subjects free of arrhythmia. The scope of this position document is to cover the clinical implications and pharmacological/non-pharmacological management of arrhythmias in emergency presentations and during revascularization. Current evidence for clinical relevance of specific types of VAs complicating AMI in relation to arrhythmia timing has been discussed.
|
|
| 5. |
- Mariam, Deneke H, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of rpoB mutations conferring rifampin resistance on fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - 0066-4804 .- 1098-6596. ; 48:4, s. 1289-1294
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rifampin is a major drug used in the treatment of tuberculosisinfections, and increasing rifampin resistance represents aworldwide clinical problem. Resistance to rifampin is causedby mutations in the rpoB gene, encoding the ß-subunitof RNA polymerase. We examined the effect of three differentrpoB mutations on the fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Rifampin-resistant mutants were isolated from a virulent clinicalisolate of M. tuberculosis (strain Harlingen) in vitro at amutation frequency of 2.3 x 10-8. Mutations in the rpoB genewere identified, and the growth rates of three defined mutantswere measured by competition with the susceptible parent strainin laboratory medium and by single cultures in a macrophagecell line and in laboratory medium. All of the mutants showeda decreased growth rate in the three assays. The relative fitnessof the mutants varied between 0.29 and 0.96 (that of the susceptiblestrain was set to 1.0) depending on the specific mutant andassay system. Unexpectedly, the relative fitness ranking ofthe mutants differed between the different assays. In conclusion,rifampin resistance is associated with a cost that is conditional.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
