| 1. |
- Baigmohammadi, Mohammadreza, et al.
(författare)
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A Numerical Study of Lean Propane-Air Flame Acceleration at the Early Stages of Burning in Cold and Hot Isothermal Walled Small-Size Tubes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Flow Turbulence and Combustion. - : Springer. - 1386-6184 .- 1573-1987. ; 104:1, s. 179-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the problem of lean propane-air premixed flame acceleration from closed to open end during the early stages of burning in small-size tubes with isothermal walls was considered. In particular, the effects of tube radius, slip/non-slip wall conditions, and the wall temperature on the flame propagation and shape were investigated numerically. Five stages of flame propagation are identified: 1) spherical expansion of the flame front; 2) finger shape expansion of the flame front before touching the wall; 3) flame propagation in the tube subjected to flame-wall interactions; 4) transformation of the flame shape into tulip form; 5) conversion of the tulip shape flame to finger. Our results show that the tube radius, wall condition and its temperature significantly affect flame propagation regimes even in the first instance of the flame propagation in the tubes. We find that increasing tube radius has, overall, the effect of increasing the flame propagation speed in isothermal tubes. Also, depending on tube radius and wall condition, the wall temperature can increase or decrease the flame propagation speed in the isothermal tubes. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that imposing either slip or non-slip condition on the tube’s walls impressively affects flame acceleration and its configuration in the early stages. We observe that, unlike flame propagation forms in the tubes with slip walls, the early exponential flame propagation phase in the tubes was generally followed by a linear flame propagation phase in the tubes with a non-slip wall condition. We obtain that flame propagation in tubes with slip wall conditions are more sensitive to variations in tube radius and wall temperature compared to non-slip conditions. We also see that, contrary to the exponential flame propagation phase, increasing the non-slip wall temperature reduces the flame propagation speed in the linear part of the flame propagation, while such an increase in temperature leads to oscillations in the flame propagation speed in the tubes with slip walls.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Dion, Claude, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Anisotropic properties of spin avalanches in crystals of nanomagnets
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969 .- 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 87:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anisotropy effects for spin avalanches in crystals of nanomagnets are studied theoretically with the external magnetic field applied at an arbitrary angle to the easy axis. Starting with the Hamiltonian for a single nanomagnet in the crystal, two essential quantities characterizing spin avalanches are calculated: the activation and Zeeman energies. The calculation is performed numerically for a wide range of angles and analytical formulas are derived within the limit of small angles. The anisotropic properties of a single nanomagnet lead to anisotropic behavior of the magnetic deflagration speed. Modifications of the magnetic deflagration speed are investigated for different angles between the external magnetic field and the easy axis of the crystals. Anisotropic properties of magnetic detonation are also studied, which concern, first of all, the temperature behind the leading shock and the characteristic time of spin switching in the detonation.
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| 4. |
- Dion, Claude, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Bimodal momentum distribution of laser-cooled atoms in optical lattices
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 93:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study, numerically and experimentally, the momentum distribution of atoms cooled in optical lattices. Using semiclassical simulations, we show that this distribution is bimodal, made up of a central feature corresponding to "cold," trapped atoms, with tails of "hot," untrapped atoms, and that this holds true also for very shallow potentials. Careful analysis of the distribution of high-momentum untrapped atoms, both from simulations and experiments, shows that the tails of the distribution do not follow a normal law, hinting at a power-law distribution and nonergodic behavior. We also revisit the phenomenon leading to the existence of an optimal cooling point, i.e., a potential depth below which the temperature of the atoms starts increasing.
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| 5. |
- Dion, Claude, et al.
(författare)
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Controllable 3D atomic Brownian motor in optical lattices
- 2008
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Ingår i: The European Physical Journal - Special Topics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1951-6355 .- 1951-6401. ; 159:1, s. 11-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study a Brownian motor, based on cold atoms in optical lattices, where atomic motion can be induced in a controlled manner in an arbitrary direction, by rectification of isotropic random fluctuations. In contrast with ratchet mechanisms, our Brownian motor operates in a potential that is spatially and temporally symmetric, in apparent contradiction to the Curie principle. Simulations, based on the Fokker-Planck equation, allow us to gain knowledge on the qualitative behaviour of our Brownian motor. Studies of Brownian motors, and in particular ones with unique control properties, are of fundamental interest because of the role they play in protein motors and their potential applications in nanotechnology. In particular, our system opens the way to the study of quantum Brownian motors.
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| 6. |
- Dion, Claude, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of flame extinction in narrow channels with cold walls: Heat loss vs acceleration
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physics of Fluids. - : AIP Publishing. - 1070-6631 .- 1089-7666. ; 33:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Propagation of a premixed flame from a closed to an open end in micro-channels with smooth non-slip isothermal walls is considered in the context of flame extinction dynamics. Powerful exponential flame acceleration in micro-channels with adiabatic walls has been demonstrated at the initial quasi-isobaric stage of the process [Bychkov et al., Phys. Rev. E 72, 046307 (2005)]. In contrast to the previous studies, here we investigate flame propagation in channels with isothermal walls. The problem is solved by means of high-fidelity laminar numerical simulations of the complete set of the Navier-Stokes combustion equations. For most of the problem parameter sets chosen, we obtain initial flame acceleration after ignition at the closed channel end. This acceleration resembles qualitatively the adiabatic case, but it develops noticeably slower, in an approximately linear regime instead of the exponential one and persists only for a limited time interval. Subsequently, heat loss to the walls reduces the temperature and hence the volume of the burnt gas behind the flame front, which produces a reverse flow in the direction of the closed channel end. When the amount of the burnt gas becomes sufficiently large, the reverse flow stops the acceleration process and drives the flame backwards with modifications of the flame front shape from convex to concave. Eventually, the flame extinguishes. Qualitatively, the process obtained reproduces a possible combustion failure during deflagration-to-detonation transition observed in previous experiments. We investigate the key characteristics of initial flame acceleration such as the acceleration rate and the maximum speed of the flame tip.
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| 7. |
- Dion, Claude, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Flames in channels with cold walls : acceleration versus extinction
- 2015
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Ingår i: MCS 9.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present work considers the problem of premixed flame front acceleration in microchannelswith smooth cold non-slip walls in the context of the deflagration-to-detonationtransition; the flame accelerates from the closed channel end to the open one. Recently, anumber of theoretical and computational papers have demonstrated the possibility of powerfulflame acceleration for micro-channels with adiabatic walls. In contrast to the previous studies,here we investigate the case of flame propagation in channels with isothermal cold walls. Theproblem is solved by using direct numerical simulations of the complete set of the Navier-Stokes combustion equations. We obtain flame extinction for narrow channels due to heat lossto the walls. However, for sufficiently wide channels, flame acceleration is found even for theconditions of cold walls in spite of the heat loss. Specifically, the flame accelerates in thelinear regime in that case. While this acceleration regime is quite different from theexponential acceleration predicted theoretically and obtained computationally for theadiabatic channels, it is consistent with the previous experimental observations, whichinevitably involve thermal losses to the walls. In this particular work, we focus on the effectof the Reynolds number of the flow on the manner of the flame acceleration.
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| 8. |
- Dion, Claude, et al.
(författare)
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Ground state of the time-independent Gross–Pitaevskii equation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Computer Physics Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-4655 .- 1879-2944. ; 177:10, s. 787-798
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a suite of programs to determine the ground state of the time-independent Gross–Pitaevskii equation, used in the simulation of Bose–Einstein condensates. The calculation is based on the Optimal Damping Algorithm, ensuring a fast convergence to the true ground state. Versions are given for the one-, two-, and three-dimensional equation, using either a spectral method, well suited for harmonic trapping potentials, or a spatial grid.
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