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- Nan, Hairong, et al.
(författare)
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Serum uric acid and components of the metabolic syndrome in non-diabetic populations in Mauritian Indians and Creoles and in Chinese in Qingdao, China.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Metabolic syndrome and related disorders. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1557-8518 .- 1540-4196. ; 6:1, s. 47-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of serum uric acid (UA) with components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in different ethnic groups. METHODS: Nondiabetic men (3285) and nondiabetic women (4078) aged 25 to 74 years without a history of cardiovascular disease and gout from Mauritius and Qingdao China, comprising Mauritian Indians, Mauritian Creoles, and an urban Chinese population, were studied. The top quintile of waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, serum total cholesterol and triglycerides, plasma glucose levels, and the bottom quintile of HDL cholesterol was defined as the metabolic disorder. Hyperuricemia was defined if UA values were in the top quintile. RESULTS: In a multivariate model (adjusted for age, cohort, smoking, and alcohol consumption), waist circumference, BMI, and serum triglycerides appeared to be independently associated with hyperuricemia in both sexes and in all ethnic groups except in Chinese women. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for having three or more metabolic disorders vs fewer than three, corresponding to a one SD increase in serum UA concentration, were 1.75 (1.51 to 2.02), 2.19 (1.71 to 2.82) and 2.30 (1.68 to 3.16) in Indian, Creole, and Chinese men, respectively, and 1.74 (1.52 to 2.00), 1.75 (1.40 to 2.19) and 1.72 (1.37 to 2.16) in Indian, Creole, and Chinese women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In nondiabetics of Asian and African ancestry, elevated serum UA was closely associated with components of MetS, but whether UA provides additional information to the definition of the MetS in predicting future cardiovascular disease and diabetes needs to be studied.
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| 2. |
- Sahlén, Pelin, et al.
(författare)
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Variants That Differentiate Wolf and Dog Populations Are Enriched in Regulatory Elements
- 2021
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Ingår i: Genome Biology and Evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1759-6653. ; 13:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on the genetics of domestication most often focuses on the protein-coding exons. However, exons cover only a minor part (1-2%) of the canine genome, whereas functional mutations may be located also in regions beyond the exome, in regulatory regions. Therefore, a large proportion of phenotypical differences between dogs and wolves may remain genetically unexplained. In this study, we identified variants that have high allelic frequency differences (i.e., highly differentiated variants) between wolves and dogs across the canine genome and investigated the potential functionality. We found that the enrichment of highly differentiated variants was substantially higher in promoters than in exons and that such variants were enriched also in enhancers. Several enriched pathways were identified including oxytocin signaling, carbohydrate digestion and absorption, cancer risk, and facial and body features, many of which reflect phenotypes of potential importance during domestication, including phenotypes of the domestication syndrome. The results highlight the importance of regulatory mutations during dog domestication and motivate the functional annotation of the noncoding part of the canine genome.
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| 3. |
- Zhang, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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Distinct ethnic differences in lipid profiles across glucose categories
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 95:4, s. 1793-1801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Dyslipidemia coexists with hyperglycemia. However, little is known about the ethnic differences in lipid profiles at comparable glucose tolerance status. Objective: The aim was to study ethnic differences in lipid profiles stratified by glucose levels. Design and Setting: Data from 31 study cohorts of 12 countries, consisting of 24,760 men and 27,595 women aged 25–74 yr, were compared. The odds ratio for having dyslipidemia was estimated for each ethnic group stratified by glucose categories. Results: Compared with central and northern Europeans, multivariable adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for having lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were 4.74 (4.19–5.37), 5.05 (3.88–6.56), 3.07 (2.15–4.40), and 2.37 (1.67–3.35) in Asian Indian men, but 0.12 (0.09–0.16), 0.07 (0.04–0.13), 0.11 (0.07–0.20), and 0.16 (0.08–0.32) in Chinese men who had normoglycemia, prediabetes, and undiagnosed and diagnosed diabetes, respectively. Similar results were obtained for women. The prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol remained higher in Asian Indians (62.8% of the nondiabetic and 67.4% of the diabetic) than in central and northern Europeans (20.3 and 37.3%), Japanese (25.7 and 34.1%), or Qingdao Chinese (15.7 and 17.0%), even in individuals with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol of less than 3 mmol/liter. Conclusion: There are distinct patterns of lipid profiles associated with ethnicity regardless of the glucose levels, suggesting that ethnic-specific strategies and guidelines on risk assessment and prevention of cardiovascular disease are required.
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