| 1. |
- Armesto, N., et al.
(författare)
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Heavy-ion collisions at the LHC-Last call for predictions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 35:5, s. 054001-
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This writeup is a compilation of the predictions for the forthcoming Heavy Ion Program at the Large Hadron Collider, as presented at the CERN Theory Institute 'Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC - Last Call for Predictions', held from 14th May to 10th June 2007.
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| 2. |
- Lacour, S., et al.
(författare)
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The mass of β Pictoris c from β Pictoris b orbital motion
- 2021
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 654
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims. We aim to demonstrate that the presence and mass of an exoplanet can now be effectively derived from the astrometry of another exoplanet.Methods. We combined previous astrometry of β Pictoris b with a new set of observations from the GRAVITY interferometer. The orbital motion of β Pictoris b is fit using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations in Jacobi coordinates. The inner planet, β Pictoris c, was also reobserved at a separation of 96 mas, confirming the previous orbital estimations.Results. From the astrometry of planet b only, we can (i) detect the presence of β Pictoris c and (ii) constrain its mass to 10.04(-3.10)(+4.53) M-Jup. If one adds the astrometry of β Pictoris c, the mass is narrowed down to 9.15(-1.06)(+1.08) M-Jup. The inclusion of radial velocity measurements does not affect the orbital parameters significantly, but it does slightly decrease the mass estimate to 8.89(-0.75)(+0.75) M-Jup. With a semimajor axis of 2.68 +/- 0.02 au, a period of 1221 +/- 15 days, and an eccentricity of 0.32 +/- 0.02, the orbital parameters of β Pictoris c are now constrained as precisely as those of β Pictoris b. The orbital configuration is compatible with a high-order mean-motion resonance (7:1). The impact of the resonance on the planets' dynamics would then be negligible with respect to the secular perturbations, which might have played an important role in the eccentricity excitation of the outer planet.
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| 3. |
- Potapov, Anton M., et al.
(författare)
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Global fine-resolution data on springtail abundance and community structure
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2052-4463. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Springtails (Collembola) inhabit soils from the Arctic to the Antarctic and comprise an estimated ~32% of all terrestrial arthropods on Earth. Here, we present a global, spatially-explicit database on springtail communities that includes 249,912 occurrences from 44,999 samples and 2,990 sites. These data are mainly raw sample-level records at the species level collected predominantly from private archives of the authors that were quality-controlled and taxonomically-standardised. Despite covering all continents, most of the sample-level data come from the European continent (82.5% of all samples) and represent four habitats: woodlands (57.4%), grasslands (14.0%), agrosystems (13.7%) and scrublands (9.0%). We included sampling by soil layers, and across seasons and years, representing temporal and spatial within-site variation in springtail communities. We also provided data use and sharing guidelines and R code to facilitate the use of the database by other researchers. This data paper describes a static version of the database at the publication date, but the database will be further expanded to include underrepresented regions and linked with trait data.
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| 4. |
- Drescher, A., et al.
(författare)
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Problems after flight : understanding and comparing Syrians'€™ perspectives in the Middle East and Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central Ltd. - 1471-2458. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Syrian refugees and asylum seekers (SRAs) face multiple stressors after flight, which may vary due to different geographic, economic, cultural and socio-political contexts in the host countries. Past research has recognised the importance of participants’ own perspectives. The aims of this multi-country study were to identify and compare self-reported problems of SRAs between various settings. Methods: A semi-structured client-generated outcome measurement was used to collect data among adult SRAs in Jordan (N = 61), Turkey (N = 46) and Switzerland (N = 57) between September 2018 and November 2019. Answers were analysed following thematic analysis. Results: Over half of the participants reported practical problems with an emphasis on camp-related problems (Jordan), finances (Turkey), employment (Jordan and Switzerland) and government regulations (Switzerland), followed by psychological, and social issues. Conclusion: This study highlights the impact of local contextual factors on wellbeing. The findings emphasise that planning preventative procedures and mental health care services for SRAs need to consider local challenges affecting the population in specific countries. © 2021, The Author(s).
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| 5. |
- Milisavljevic, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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MULTI-WAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF SUPERNOVA 2011ei : TIME-DEPENDENT CLASSIFICATION OF TYPE IIb AND Ib SUPERNOVAE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THEIR PROGENITORS
- 2013
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 767:1, s. 71-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present X-ray, UV/optical, and radio observations of the stripped-envelope, core-collapse supernova (SN) 2011ei, one of the least luminous SNe IIb or Ib observed to date. Our observations begin with a discovery within similar to 1 day of explosion and span several months afterward. Early optical spectra exhibit broad, Type II-like hydrogen Balmer profiles that subside rapidly and are replaced by Type Ib-like He-rich features on a timescale of one week. High-cadence monitoring of this transition suggests absorption attributable to a high-velocity (greater than or similar to 12,000 km s(-1)) H-rich shell, which is likely present in many Type Ib events. Radio observations imply a shock velocity of v approximate to 0.13 c and a progenitor star average mass-loss rate of (M) over dot approximate to 1.4 x 10(-5) M-circle dot yr(-1) (assuming wind velocity v(w) = 10(3) km s(-1)). This is consistent with independent constraints from deep X-ray observations with Swift-XRT and Chandra. Overall, the multi-wavelength properties of SN 2011ei are consistent with the explosion of a lower-mass (3-4 M-circle dot), compact (R-* less than or similar to 1 x 10(11) cm), He-core star. The star retained a thin hydrogen envelope at the time of explosion, and was embedded in an inhomogeneous circumstellar wind suggestive of modest episodic mass loss. We conclude that SN 2011ei's rapid spectral metamorphosis is indicative of time-dependent classifications that bias estimates of the relative explosion rates for Type IIb and Ib objects, and that important information about a progenitor star's evolutionary state and mass loss immediately prior to SN explosion can be inferred from timely multi-wavelength observations.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Electronic and structural properties of Laves-phase MgZn(2) of varying chemical disorder
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 82:2, s. 024202-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The C14 Laves-phase MgZn(2) has been investigated from 30 to 36 at. % Mg. In this way chemical disorder can be monitored over a limited concentration range and the influence on electron properties can be investigated. Our studies include thermodynamic calculations of atomic configurations of Mg and Zn at off-stoichiometric compositions, electronic-transport measurements, and electronic band-structure calculations of MgZn(2). The disorder introduced by alloying was found to be substitutional for all C14 alloys, and to have a markedly stronger effect on resistivity and magnetoresistance, Delta rho(B)/rho(0), on the Mg-rich side due to strain introduced when Mg substitutes for Zn. rho(T) and Hall constant were characteristic for weakly disordered binary alloys. Delta rho/rho of MgZn(2) was large, reached 6 at 4.2 K and 8 T, and decreased strongly at off-stoichiometric compositions. The results are discussed in view of the band-structure results and in terms of relations between atomic order and electronic properties. Several properties were found to resemble pure Zn. An empirical correlation over more than six orders of magnitude in Delta rho/rho was found for Zn and Zn-based alloys.
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| 8. |
- Drescher, A, et al.
(författare)
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On the Behavior of a Parallel Elasto-Visco-Plastic Model for Asphaltic Materials
- 2010
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Ingår i: Mechanics of materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-6636 .- 1872-7743. ; 42:2, s. 109-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper considers a dissipation energy based elasto-visco-plastic constitutive modelformulated by coupling in parallel visco-elastic and elasto-plastic components, which has been developed at Delft University of Technology for the response prediction ofasphaltic materials. To discuss the various aspects of the model under different creep loads, a simplified one-dimensional analytical solution is derived. Three different analytical cases are treated: visco-elastic response, elasto-visco-plastic response in which plasticity develops during the loading and instantaneous plasticity. The analyses show that the interaction between the parallel visco-elastic and elasto-plasticcomponents of the model are an important aspect of the predictive capabilities of themodel. A case is derived in which short duration loading of the model could lead to aprediction of increasing strains during the unloading phase. Care should be taken when choosing the material parameters of the model to avoid this erroneous prediction.
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| 9. |
- Heiri, Oliver, et al.
(författare)
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Palaeoclimate records 60-8 ka in the Austrian and Swiss Alps and their forelands
- 2014
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Ingår i: Quaternary Science Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-3791 .- 1873-457X. ; 106, s. 186-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Alps and their forelands provide a range of different archives and climate proxies for developing climate records in the time interval 60-8 thousand years (ka) ago. We review quantitative and semi-quantitative approaches for reconstructing climatic variables in the Austrian and Swiss sector of the Alpine region within this time interval. Available quantitative to semi-quantitative climate records in this region are mainly based on fossil assemblages of biota such as chironomids, cladocerans, co-leopterans, diatoms and pollen preserved in lake sediments and peat, the analysis of oxygen isotopes in speleothems and lake sediment records, the reconstruction of past variations in treeline altitude, the reconstruction of past equilibrium line altitude and extent of glaciers based on geomorphological evidence, and the interpretation of past soil formation processes, dust deposition and permafrost as apparent in loess-palaeosol sequences. Palaeoclimate reconstructions in the Alpine region are affected by dating uncertainties increasing with age, the fragmentary nature of most of the available records, which typically only incorporate a fraction of the time interval of interest, and the limited replication of records within and between regions. Furthermore, there have been few attempts to cross-validate different approaches across this time interval to confirm reconstructed patterns of climatic change by several independent lines of evidence. Based on our review we identify a number of developments that would provide major advances for palaeoclimate reconstruction for the period 60-8 ka in the Alps and their forelands. These include (1) the compilation of individual, fragmentary records to longer and continuous reconstructions, (2) replication of climate records and the development of regional reconstructions for different parts of the Alps, (3) the cross-validation of different proxy-types and approaches, and (4) the reconstruction of past variations in climate gradients across the Alps and their forelands. Furthermore, the development of downscaled climate model runs for the Alpine region 60-8 ka, and of forward modelling approaches for climate proxies would expand the opportunities for quantitative assessments of climatic conditions in Europe within this time-interval.
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| 10. |
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