| 1. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Griswold, Max G., et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 392:10152, s. 1015-1035
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, but its overall association with health remains complex given the possible protective effects of moderate alcohol consumption on some conditions. With our comprehensive approach to health accounting within the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we generated improved estimates of alcohol use and alcohol-attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 195 locations from 1990 to 2016, for both sexes and for 5-year age groups between the ages of 15 years and 95 years and older.Methods: Using 694 data sources of individual and population-level alcohol consumption, along with 592 prospective and retrospective studies on the risk of alcohol use, we produced estimates of the prevalence of current drinking, abstention, the distribution of alcohol consumption among current drinkers in standard drinks daily (defined as 10 g of pure ethyl alcohol), and alcohol-attributable deaths and DALYs. We made several methodological improvements compared with previous estimates: first, we adjusted alcohol sales estimates to take into account tourist and unrecorded consumption; second, we did a new meta-analysis of relative risks for 23 health outcomes associated with alcohol use; and third, we developed a new method to quantify the level of alcohol consumption that minimises the overall risk to individual health.Findings: Globally, alcohol use was the seventh leading risk factor for both deaths and DALYs in 2016, accounting for 2.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1.5-3.0) of age-standardised female deaths and 6.8% (5.8-8.0) of age-standardised male deaths. Among the population aged 15-49 years, alcohol use was the leading risk factor globally in 2016, with 3.8% (95% UI 3.2-4-3) of female deaths and 12.2% (10.8-13-6) of male deaths attributable to alcohol use. For the population aged 15-49 years, female attributable DALYs were 2.3% (95% UI 2.0-2.6) and male attributable DALYs were 8.9% (7.8-9.9). The three leading causes of attributable deaths in this age group were tuberculosis (1.4% [95% UI 1. 0-1. 7] of total deaths), road injuries (1.2% [0.7-1.9]), and self-harm (1.1% [0.6-1.5]). For populations aged 50 years and older, cancers accounted for a large proportion of total alcohol-attributable deaths in 2016, constituting 27.1% (95% UI 21.2-33.3) of total alcohol-attributable female deaths and 18.9% (15.3-22.6) of male deaths. The level of alcohol consumption that minimised harm across health outcomes was zero (95% UI 0.0-0.8) standard drinks per week.Interpretation: Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for global disease burden and causes substantial health loss. We found that the risk of all-cause mortality, and of cancers specifically, rises with increasing levels of consumption, and the level of consumption that minimises health loss is zero. These results suggest that alcohol control policies might need to be revised worldwide, refocusing on efforts to lower overall population-level consumption.
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| 5. |
- Dullemeijer, C., et al.
(författare)
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Plasma very long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and age-related hearing loss in older adults
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1279-7707 .- 1760-4788. ; 14:5, s. 347-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Age-related hearing loss is a common social and health problem in the older adult population. Up until now, very little scientific attention has been given to the potential role of fatty acids in age-related hearing loss. In this study we investigated whether plasma very long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are associated with age-related hearing loss over three years.DESIGN: Cross-sectional and 3-year longitudinal analyses.SETTING: Wageningen, the Netherlands.PARTICIPANTS: 720 men and postmenopausal women (50-70 years of age) without middle ear dysfunction or unilateral hearing loss.MEASUREMENTS: Fatty acid proportions were measured in plasma cholesteryl esters. Hearing thresholds (in decibels, dB) at baseline and after three years were measured with pure-tone audiometry. Hearing loss was calculated as the increase in mean hearing thresholds in the low (0.5-kHz, 1-kHz, and 2-kHz) and high (4-kHz, 6-kHz, and 8-kHz) frequencies over three years.RESULTS: Subjects in the highest quartile of plasma very long-chain n-3 PUFA had less hearing loss in the low frequencies over three years than subjects in the lowest quartile (p < 0.01, ANCOVA, difference in mean adjusted hearing thresholds= -1.2 dB). There were no significant differences between the quartiles of plasma very long-chain n-3 PUFA in hearing loss in the high frequencies (p=0.49, ANCOVA). These associations are adjusted for baseline mean hearing thresholds, age, sex, level of education and alcohol consumption.CONCLUSION: This study is the first to show an inverse association between plasma very long-chain n-3 PUFAs and age-related hearing loss. These results are encouraging, but require confirmation from future studies.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Kumar, Pushpendra, et al.
(författare)
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Kinetics of near-infrared-to-visible upconversion in rubrene : An initial excitation of triplets
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 104:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Upconversion (UC) in a molecular system is a process in which excitons produced by a multiple absorption of low-energy photons at long wavelengths undergo fusion to produce high energy excitons that consequently recombine to emit anti-Stokes shifted photons. Molecular systems for UC typically require a sensitizer. However, recent experiments show that UC in rubrene occurs even without the presence of the sensitizer. In this system, intermediate states are assumed to absorb photons at near-infrared wavelengths, which either absorb additional photons to populate the emissive singlet state or undergo fusion to generate triplets. The triplets can again undergo fusion to populate the excited singlet state. The final emission is around 600 nm. These models have been tested against the intensity dependence of the UC emission. Here, we have measured the kinetics of UC in rubrene by using intensity modulated photoexcitation at 800 nm to better understand the underlying mechanism. The models of UC that have been proposed so far do not agree with our measurements. Our results show that the yield of UC lags behind excitation significantly, indicating that triplet states are directly excited from the ground state, and their fusion, which depends on the population, becomes prominent after a certain build up time. While the intermediate states could form dynamically after the UC has been initiated and enhance the process, further sensitive absorption measurements are necessary to understand the role of the intermediate states in the process. Our results are important in finding new routes to enhance UC in pristine organic semiconductors for applications in photovoltaics, lasers, bioimaging, optical devices, and lighting.
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| 8. |
- Liu, H., et al.
(författare)
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Optical and extreme UV studies of spin dynamics in metallic and insulating ferrimagnets
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 130:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present all-optical studies of spin dynamics in two classes of ferrimagnets. Both sets of experiments use table-top laser-based pump–probe techniques to examine the ultrafast and longer timescale spin excitations. We use the visible/near infra-red time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect (tr-MOKE) to follow the spin dynamics of a series of metallic (FeCo)1−xGdx thin films with varying Gd content. Magnetic compensation in the films occurs at a Gd concentration of ≈26%, and the spin dynamics of the films exhibit a non-monotonic variation in effective magnetization. We also examine spin dynamics in an insulating NiFe2O4 spinel using ultrafast techniques up at extreme ultraviolet energies, which permit element-specific investigations. The element and time-resolved delay scans reveal a non-trivial interaction between spin excitations on the different magnetic sub-lattices of the magnetic insulator.
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| 9. |
- Wehrli, Patrick M., et al.
(författare)
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Correlative Chemical Imaging and Spatial Chemometrics Delineate Alzheimer Plaque Heterogeneity at High Spatial Resolution
- 2023
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Ingår i: Jacs Au. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2691-3704. ; 3:3, s. 762-774
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel, correlative chemical imaging strategy based on multimodal matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), hyperspectral microscopy, and spatial chemometrics. Our workflow overcomes challenges associated with correlative MSI data acquisition and alignment by implementing 1 + 1-evolutionary image registration for precise geometric alignment of multimodal imaging data and their integration in a common, truly multimodal imaging data matrix with maintained MSI resolution (10 mu m). This enabled multivariate statistical modeling of multimodal imaging data using a novel multiblock orthogonal component analysis approach to identify covariations of biochemical signatures between and within imaging modalities at MSI pixel resolution. We demonstrate the method's potential through its application toward delineating chemical traits of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Here, trimodal MALDI MSI of transgenic AD mouse brain delineates beta-amyloid (A beta) plaque-associated co-localization of lipids and A beta peptides. Finally, we establish an improved image fusion approach for correlative MSI and functional fluorescence microscopy. This allowed for high spatial resolution (300 nm) prediction of correlative, multimodal MSI signatures toward distinct amyloid structures within single plaque features critically implicated in A beta pathogenicity.
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