| 1. |
- Bahr, Roald, et al.
(author)
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International Olympic Committee consensus statement: methods for recording and reporting of epidemiological data on injury and illness in sport 2020 (including STROBE Extension for Sport Injury and Illness Surveillance (STROBE-SIIS))
- 2020
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In: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 54:7, s. 372-389
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Injury and illness surveillance, and epidemiological studies, are fundamental elements of concerted efforts to protect the health of the athlete. To encourage consistency in the definitions and methodology used, and to enable data across studies to be compared, research groups have published 11 sport-specific or setting-specific consensus statements on sports injury (and, eventually, illness) epidemiology to date. Our objective was to further strengthen consistency in data collection, injury definitions and research reporting through an updated set of recommendations for sports injury and illness studies, including a new Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist extension. The IOC invited a working group of international experts to review relevant literature and provide recommendations. The procedure included an open online survey, several stages of text drafting and consultation by working groups and a 3-day consensus meeting in October 2019. This statement includes recommendations for data collection and research reporting covering key components: defining and classifying health problems; severity of health problems; capturing and reporting athlete exposure; expressing risk; burden of health problems; study population characteristics and data collection methods. Based on these, we also developed a new reporting guideline as a STROBE Extension-the STROBE Sports Injury and Illness Surveillance (STROBE-SIIS). The IOC encourages ongoing in- and out-of-competition surveillance programmes and studies to describe injury and illness trends and patterns, understand their causes and develop measures to protect the health of the athlete. Implementation of the methods outlined in this statement will advance consistency in data collection and research reporting.
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| 2. |
- Ghorbani, Mohammad, et al.
(author)
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Testing the first-order separability hypothesis for spatio-temporal point patterns
- 2021
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In: Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. - : Elsevier. - 0167-9473 .- 1872-7352. ; 161
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- First-order separability of a spatio-temporal point process plays a fundamental role in theanalysis of spatio-temporal point pattern data. While it is often a convenient assumptionthat simplifies the analysis greatly, existing non-separable structures should be accountedfor in the model construction. Three different tests are proposed to investigate thishypothesis as a step of preliminary data analysis. The first two tests are exact orasymptotically exact for Poisson processes. The first test based on permutations and globalenvelopes allows one to detect at which spatial and temporal locations or lags the datadeviate from the null hypothesis. The second test is a simple and computationally cheapχ2-test. The third test is based on stochastic reconstruction method and can be generallyapplied for non-Poisson processes. The performance of the first two tests is studied in asimulation study for Poisson and non-Poisson models. The third test is applied to the realdata of the UK 2001 epidemic foot and mouth disease.
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| 3. |
- Johnsson, Ragnar, et al.
(author)
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Surgical treatment of symptomatic recurrent disc herniation
- 2004
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In: The Lumbar Spine.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The official publication of the International Society for the Study of the Lumbar Spine, this volume is the most authoritative and up-to-date reference on the lumbar spine. This edition provides more balance between basic science and clinical material and has been completely reorganized for easy reference. New chapters cover gene therapy, outcomes assessment, and alternatives to traditional nonoperative treatment. The editors have also added chapters on preparation for surgery, surgical approaches, spinal instrumentation, and bone grafts. Chapters on specific disorders have a consistent structure—definition, natural history, physical examination, imaging, nonoperative treatment, operative treatment, postoperative management, results of surgery, and complications.
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| 4. |
- Ryynänen, Jaakko, et al.
(author)
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Foul play is associated with injury incidence : an epidemiological study of three FIFA World Cups (2002-2010).
- 2013
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In: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 47:15, s. 986-91
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Foul play has been considered as one of the most important known extrinsic risk factors for injuries in football.AIMS: To compare the incidence and characteristics of foul play injuries and non-foul injuries.METHODS: Team physicians' postmatch injury reports and official match statistics were obtained from all matches of the 2002, 2006 and 2010 Fédération Internationale de Football Association World Cups.RESULTS: The number of injuries was associated with the number of fouls in a match. The incidence of foul play injuries (20.6/1000 match-hours, 95% CI 17.3 to 24.4) was significantly lower than that of non-foul injuries (42.6, 37.7 to 47.9), which also applied to all playing positions. The causation of injury (foul/non-foul), match period and teams' drawing/losing/winning status were associated with the injury incidence. The interactions between the causation of injury (foul/non-foul) and match time, as well as the teams' drawing/losing/winning status or playing position were not statistically significant. The median (IQR) days of absence resulting from foul play injuries were significantly shorter than that of non-foul injuries. The lower leg and ankle were more common locations for foul play injuries than for non-foul injuries, whereas the opposite was observed for thigh injuries. Contusions were a more common type of foul play injuries than non-foul injuries, while the opposite was found for muscle strains/ruptures/tears.CONCLUSIONS: The numbers of injuries and fouls in a match were significantly associated. No significant differences in the variation of foul play and non-foul injury incidences regarding match period, teams' current winning/drawing/losing status and playing position were observed, suggesting that foul play injuries and non-foul injuries may share similar underlying risk factors.
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| 5. |
- Ryynänen, Jaakko, et al.
(author)
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Increased risk of injury following red and yellow cards, injuries and goals in FIFA World Cups.
- 2013
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In: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 47:15, s. 970-3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between potentially game-disrupting incidents (PGDIs; red and yellow cards, goals and injuries) and the injury incidence in football.DESIGN: Prospective injury surveillance during three FIFA World Cups in 2002, 2006 and 2010. Official match statistics were obtained for all the matches played in the three tournaments.SETTING: 2002, 2006 and 2010 FIFA World Cups.PARTICIPANTS: Team physicians at the 2002, 2006 and 2010 FIFA World Cups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Injury incidences and incidence rate ratios (IRRs).RESULTS: The injury incidence was significantly higher during match periods within the minute of, or during a five-minute period following a yellow card, red card, another injury or a goal (PGDIs) than during other match periods (76.7/1000 match hours; 95% CI (66.6 to 87.9) vs 54.0/1000 match hours (46.9 to 61.9), p<0.001). There were significant differences in injury incidence between different match periods, with the highest injury incidence seen in the last 15 min of the first half (p<0.001). The PGDIs (other than injury) had a tendency to increase towards the end of the game and the most frequent PGDI was a yellow card. There was a risk ratio of 1.17 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.26) for injury, per PGDI (other injuries excluded) (p<0.001), and 1.15 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.24) after adjusted match time (p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The injury incidence is high within the five minutes following a PGDI. For both team management and players, being aware of the increased risk of injury directly after a PGDI may be of clinical relevance, as it may enable them to take precautions in order to prevent injuries. There are significant differences in injury incidence between different match periods and game-related factors, such as PGDIs, appear partly to contribute to this variation.
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| 6. |
- Ryynänen, Jaakko, et al.
(author)
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The effect of changes in the score on injury incidence during three FIFA World Cups.
- 2013
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In: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 47:15, s. 960-4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of changes in the score and of different playing positions, as well as the effect of recovery time on injury incidence during Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World Cups.DESIGN: Prospective injury surveillance at three international championships in 2002, 2006 and 2010. Official match statistics were obtained for all the games played in the three championships.SETTING: 2002, 2006 and 2010 FIFA World Cups.PARTICIPANTS: National team players as well as the team doctors reporting all the injuries at the 2002, 2006 and 2010 FIFA World Cups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Injury incidence and incidence rate ratios.RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in injury incidence related to changes in the score (p=0.026) and to the teams' current drawing/losing/winning status (p=0.008). Injury incidence was lowest (54.8/1000 match-hours (mh), 95% CI 46.4 to 64.3) during the initial 0-0 score and highest (81.2/1000 mh, 60.5 to 106.8) when the score was even but goals had been scored. Winning teams had a tendency towards a higher injury incidence (81.0/1000 mh, 67.5 to 96.4) than losing or drawing teams (55.5/1000 mh, 44.4 to 68.4 and 59.7/1000 mh, 51.8 to 68.6, respectively). There were also statistically significant differences in injury incidence between the playing positions (p<0.001), with forwards having the highest injury incidence (85.7/1000 mh, 69.8 to 104.2). There was a linear relationship (p=0.043) between an increasing number of recovery days between matches and a higher injury incidence.CONCLUSIONS: There is a considerable variation in injury incidence during a match in international men's football related to changes in the score. Players in a winning team run a higher risk of suffering an injury than players in a drawing or losing team. Identifying time periods with a high injury incidence may be of major importance to players and team personnel, as it may enable them to take precautions.
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