| 1. |
- Ekelin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Parental expectations, experiences and reactions, sense of coherence and grade of anxiety related to routine ultrasound examination with normal findings during pregnancy.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Prenatal Diagnosis. - : Wiley. - 1097-0223 .- 0197-3851. ; 29, s. 952-959
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate parents' expectations, experiences and reactions, sense of coherence and anxiety before and after a second-trimester routine ultrasound examination, with normal findings. METHODS: Before and after ultrasound questionnaires including the scales parents' expectations, experiences and reactions to routine ultrasound examination (PEER-U state of mind index), sense of coherence (SOC) and state and trait anxiety inventory (STAI), were sent to a 1-year cohort of women and their partners. Replies received were 2183. RESULTS: Both parents had significantly less worried state of mind (PEER-U) after the examination than before. Women had a lower grade of state anxiety after than before, but for men there was no significant change. Before the ultrasound, women had a higher degree of worried state of mind, as well as a higher grade of state and trait anxiety and a lower sense of coherence, than men. The women showed a greater reduction in worried state of mind than the men after the ultrasound examination. There were no significant differences in sense of coherence before and after ultrasound. CONCLUSIONS: Women and men are affected in their psychological well-being in relation to a routine ultrasound examination, but their sense of coherence remains stable. Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 2. |
- Larsson, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Care during pregnancy and child birth in Sweden: Perspectives of lesbian women
- 2009
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3099 .- 0266-6138. ; 25:6, s. 682-690
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: to explore the views and experiences of care of lesbian women during pregnancy and childbirth. Design, setting and participants: a qualitative study of 18 lesbian women in southern Sweden. Findings: valid text units were formed through categorisation into four main categories: recognition of sexual orientation; openness; relationships within the homosexual family; and different encounters and attitudes within the health-care system. The interviewed women were positive about their care during pregnancy and childbirth. However, as in studies regarding women's experiences of care in general, lesbian women raised concerns about postnatal care, parent education and the structure of the patient records with no place for the female partner. Key conclusions and implications for practice: confirmation of parenthood was important, especially for the co-parent. The participants in this study felt that when they were open about their sexuality, this was met with an openness that they felt was confirming about their homsexuality. It is important for health-care providers not to make assumptions about women's sexuality. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Information for better or for worse: interviews with parents when their foetus was found to have choroid plexus cysts at a routine second trimester ultrasound.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0167-482X .- 1743-8942. ; 30:1, s. 48-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to gain a theoretical understanding of parents' experiences and handling of the situation, when their foetus was diagnosed as having choroid plexus cysts, at a routine second trimester ultrasound examination. Nine couples and one mother were interviewed using one open question. Analysis method was Grounded Theory. The main concern was anxiety and the core category became need for knowledge. The other categories were frightening and confusing, judging risk and making a choice and comforting. The parents felt information during the ultrasound examination was insufficient. The time delay between the diagnosis and the doctor's appointment was also often criticized. Most of the parents in this study wanted to know what can be diagnosed by ultrasound, even if there is a small risk that the child will have a malformation or chromosome abnormality. However, when the diagnosis is made, they need adequate information, otherwise unnecessary anxiety arises. By giving sufficient information without days of delay, anxiety can hopefully be minimized. Some written information was also requested. It is of utmost importance that the staff use the same terminology and the correct name of the soft marker to the parents.
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| 4. |
- Larsson, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Parental level of anxiety, sense of coherence and state of mind when choroid plexus cysts have been identified at a routine ultrasound examination in the second trimester of pregnancy: a case control study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1743-8942 .- 0167-482X. ; 30:2, s. 95-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to compare parents' experience of a routine ultrasound examination in the second trimester, when a choroid plexus cyst/cysts (CPC) were found (Study group; n = 22), with matched controls where no fetal deviations were identified (Control group, n = 66). All the parents had participated in a larger cohort study. The instruments used for measuring anxiety were STAI-state/trait, sense of coherence (SOC) and Parents' Expectations, Experiences, Reactions to an Ultrasound examination during pregnancy (PEER-U, State of Mind Index). Regarding the SOC and STAI-state/trait no significant differences were found between the cases and controls or within the respective group before and after the ultrasound examination. The cases had an increase in anxiety (more anxious) as measured by the instrument PEER-U after the examination, while the controls showed a significant better level of State of Mind Index (less anxious) after the examination, compared to before. Therefore PEER-U can be a more reliable instrument when studying state of mind (anxiety) in connection with ultrasound examinations, and as it is specific for this situation it does not appear to be time dependent.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Parents’ Worried State of Mind When Fetal Ultrasound Shows an Unexpected Finding
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of ultrasound in medicine. - 0278-4297 .- 1550-9613. ; 28:12, s. 1663-1670
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Most parents yearn for a second-trimester ultrasound examination and feel excitement about it, but some also worry about what the examination will show. According to prior research, using only generic instruments or specific questionnaires, anxiety decreases when the ultrasound findings are normal. The aim of this study was to compare parents’ worry (Parents’ Expectations, Experiences, and Reactions to Ultrasound [PEER-U] State of Mind Index) and sense of coherence before and after a routine second-trimester ultrasound examination when it showed normal or abnormal findings. Methods. A 1-year cohort study was performed at a Swedish university hospital. A total of 2049 parents who had their second-trimester ultrasound examinations there filled in a questionnaire consisting of 2 parts before and after the examinations. Results. Parents with normal ultrasound findings were less worried than parents with abnormal findings. The group with normal findings also showed less worry after the examination than before. A sex analysis showed similar patterns. Conclusions. Parents with abnormal ultrasound findings are more worried and anxious. The new instrument, the PEER-U State of Mind Index, not only measures parents’ worry but can also expose what influences their ultrasound examination experience.
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| 6. |
- Carlsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Mothers´ awareness towards child injuries and injury prevention at home : an intervention study
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Research Notes. - : BioMed Central. - 1756-0500. ; 18:9, s. 223-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flertalet skador som drabbar små barn sker i hemmet. Därför syftade denna studie till att undersöka om utvidgad individuell information till mödrar avseende skador bland barn i hemmet och möjliga preventiva åtgärder har någon effekt på deras medvetenhet kring problemet och om känslan av sammanhang har någon inverkan. Denna studie var designad som en kvasi-experimentell interventionsstudien med en jämförelsegrupp. Utvidgad individuell information med empowerment som förhållningssätt användes. Nittionio mödrar med barn under 7 månader deltog. Ett frågeformulär med sociodemografiska data och frågor angående medvetenhet om prevention användes. Mödrar som deltog i interventionen ökade signifikant sin medvetenhet kring att skador bland barn händer i hemmet jämfört med mödrar i jämförelsegruppen [OR 2.3, CI 1.3-4.3]. Å andra sidan fann studien ingen signifikant förbättring avseende medvetenhet kring prevention, ej heller någon association till mödrarnas känsla av sammanhang. Denna studie visade att interventionen hade en positiv effekt på mödrarnas medvetenhet angående att skador bland barn sker i hemmet, men ökade inte mödrarnas medvetenhet angående att förebygga skador.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Precautions taken by mothers to prevent burn and scald injuries to young children at home : An intervention study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 39:5, s. 471-478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent individual-based extended information given to mothers from city parts of low education can improve precautions taken by them to prevent burn and scald injuries involving young children in the home and further to compare the results with a group of mothers who had not received extended information. METHODS: This intervention study, with a comparison group, has a quasi-experimental design. Individual-based information, with an empowerment approach, was given to a group of mothers living in two separate areas of a city in southern Sweden with a low level of education. In total, 99 mothers of children under the age of 7 months participated. The mothers were selected through the local child healthcare authorities. Observations were made and bivariate analyses were established. RESULTS: The results showed that the intervention had a significant impact on improving the precautions the participating mothers introduced to protect their children against burn and scald injuries in the home and further, in relation to a comparison group. CONCLUSIONS: Through empowerment, workshops, and home visits aimed to increase their consciousness and knowledge, the participating mothers' precautions taken against child injuries in the home improved. It is of great importance that a framework for considering the problem of burn and scald injuries to children is presented from a preventive perspective which, in combination with evidence-based interventions, may enable the creation of injury prevention programmes for implementation by the community health care.
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| 8. |
- Elgán, Carina, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of smoking and oral contraceptives on bone mineral density and bone remodeling in young women : a 2-year study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Contraception. - : Elsevier. - 0010-7824 .- 1879-0518. ; 67:6, s. 439-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to explore the influence of menstrual irregularities, oral contraceptives and smoking on bone mineral density (BMD) development and bone turnover with time. Healthy young women (n = 118) were divided into four categories: (a) women neither smoking nor using oral contraceptives; (b) women who were smokers; (c) women using oral contraceptives; (d) women who were smoking and using oral contraceptives. They responded to a validated questionnaire with 34 questions concerning lifestyle and the Sense of Coherence scale (SOC). BMD was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Deoxypyridinoline (DPD) was measured in urine. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Among smokers, BMD level decreased during a 2-year period and smoking was associated with a larger negative change in BMD. Use of oral contraceptives moderated the negative impact of smoking. Women using oral contraceptives at baseline and with regular bleeding induced by contraceptive pills had a significantly higher BMD at baseline and at follow-up. They also had lower SOC than women who had natural regular bleedings. Use of oral contraceptives in combination with smoking was linked to high alcohol consumption and higher frequency of self-reported body weight reduction, which reduced the negative BMD change in this category. DPD level and difference were strongly associated with estrogen influence. It is concluded that smokers without OCs had a negative BMD development and BMD in young women with irregular menstruations seems to be improved by OC.
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| 9. |
- Elgán, Carina, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Young women's lifestyle behaviours and their bone mineral density changes : a grounded theory analysis
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 19:1, s. 39-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Only limited information is available on healthy young women's perspective of their own lifestyle behaviours. By lifestyle behaviours, e.g. smoking and physical activity, individuals have the possibility to influence bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to generate a theoretical model of lifestyle behaviours among young women with different BMD changes. METHODS: Data were collected by interviewing with 11 women, and the material was analysed by means of the grounded theory. FINDINGS: Two core categories were generated: (i) the respondents' outlook on life and (ii) their life situation. The respondents' outlook on life was either 'rigid' or 'relaxed'. Respondents who had a rigid outlook on life adjusted with others and had a decreased BMD while those with a relaxed outlook on life were doing things for fun and had an increased BMD level. Life situation also consisted of two categories: 'stagnation' and 'development'. Respondents in a static life situation did not pursue any active actions while in a developing life situation, the respondents were actively striving towards a goal. Four dimensions which characterized the respondents' outlook on life in relation to their life situation emerged: subordinating and enduring with a decreased BMD level or compromising and discerning with an increased BMD level. CONCLUSION: It seems as if the outlook on life has a greater influence than the acted lifestyle behaviour for bone development. Further research is needed to generalize the findings of this study and to explore the importance of the outlook on life among women of all ages.
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| 10. |
- Persson, Eva-Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Fathers' sense of security during the first postnatal week-A qualitative interview study in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 28:5, s. e697-e704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background father's sense of security in the early postnatal period is important for the whole family. An instrument, which measures Parents' Postnatal Sense of Security (the PPSS instrument), is under development.Objective to explore and describe factors, which influence fathers' sense of security during the first postnatal week.Methods an explorative design with a qualitative approach was used. Thirteen fathers from three hospital uptake areas in Southern Sweden were interviewed using focus group discussions and individual interviews. Analysis was carried out using qualitative content analysis.Findings participation in the processes of pregnancy birth and early parenthood emerged as the main category for fathers' postnatal sense of security. The emergent categories were; ‘willingness to participate and take responsibility’, ‘being given the opportunity to take responsibility’, ‘being assured about mother's and baby's well-being’, ‘having someone to turn to—knowing who to ask’, ‘being met as an individual’ and ‘being met by competent and supporting staff’.Key conclusions and implications for practice new and specific items of importance when investigating fathers' sense of security during the early postnatal period have been pinpointed. Fathers' sense of early postnatal security may be enhanced by giving them a genuine opportunity to participate in the whole process and by giving them the opportunity to stay overnight at the hospital after the birth. Midwives and care organisations need to give clear information about where competent help and advice can be obtained at all hours. Midwives should strengthen the fathering role by acknowledging and listening to the father as an individual person.
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