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- Ernfors, P, et al.
(författare)
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Developmental and regional expression of beta-nerve growth factor receptor mRNA in the chick and rat.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Neuron. - 0896-6273 .- 1097-4199. ; 1:10, s. 983-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hybridization probes from the transmembrane region of the chick NGF receptor (NGF-R) that show high homology with the rat NGF-R were used to demonstrate an abundant 4.5 kb NGF-R mRNA in the chick embryo at E3.5. The level remained high until E12 but decreased to adult levels by E18. The highest levels at E8 were in spinal cord, bursa of Fabricius, gizzard, femoralis muscle, and skin. In situ hybridization to E7 embryos showed high expression of the NGF-R gene in spinal cord, particularly the lateral motor column, and in dorsal root, sympathetic, and nodose ganglia. NGF-R mRNA expression was observed throughout brain development and in all regions of the adult brain, with high levels in cerebellum and septum. Lymphoid tissues of chick and rat also expressed the receptor. The complex and widespread expression of NGF-R mRNA in areas not known to be NGF targets suggests broader functions for NGF.
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- TOMAC, A, et al.
(författare)
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Retrograde axonal transport of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the adult nigrostriatal system suggests a trophic role in the adult
- 1995
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424. ; 92:18, s. 8274-8278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recently cloned, distant member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) family, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), has potent trophic actions on fetal mesencephalic dopamine neurons. GDNF also has protective and restorative activity on adult mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons and potently protects motoneurons from axotomy-induced cell death. However, evidence for a role for endogenous GDNF as a target-derived trophic factor in adult midbrain dopaminergic circuits requires documentation of specific transport from the sites of synthesis in the target areas to the nerve cell bodies themselves. Here, we demonstrate that GDNF is retrogradely transported by mesencephalic dopamine neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway. The pattern of retrograde transport following intrastriatal injections indicates that there may be subpopulations of neurons that are GDNF responsive. Retrograde axonal transport of biologically active 125I-labeled GDNF was inhibited by an excess of unlabeled GDNF but not by an excess of cytochrome c. Specificity was further documented by demonstrating that another TGF-beta family member, TGF-beta 1, did not appear to affect retrograde transport. Retrograde transport was also demonstrated by immunohistochemistry by using intrastriatal injections of unlabeled GDNF. GDNF immunoreactivity was found specifically in dopamine nerve cell bodies of the substantia nigra pars compacta distributed in granules in the soma and proximal dendrites. Our data implicate a specific receptor-mediated uptake mechanism operating in the adult. Taken together, the present findings suggest that GDNF acts endogenously as a target-derived physiological survival/maintenance factor for dopaminergic neurons.
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- Ayer-LeLievre, C, et al.
(författare)
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Nerve growth factor mRNA and protein in the testis and epididymis of mouse and rat.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 85:8, s. 2628-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In situ hybridization using beta-nerve growth factor (NGF) DNA probes was used to demonstrate NGF mRNA in spermatocytes and early spermatids of adult mouse. NGF mRNA-containing cells were also identified in the epithelium of convoluted ducts in mouse corpus epididymidis. Blot-hybridization analysis of RNA prepared from mouse testis and epididymis as well as from rat epididymis confirmed the presence of a 1.3-kilobase (kb) NGF mRNA in these tissues. In the rat testis, however, only a 1.5-kb NGF mRNA was found, corresponding in size to a minor NGF mRNA detected in the rat brain, heart, and epididymis. By using affinity-purified anti-NGF antibodies, NGF-like immunoreactivity was observed in germ cells of rat and mouse testis and in the lumen of epididymis. Extracts of both mouse epididymis and testis stimulated fiber outgrowth in cultured sympathetic ganglia, and the effect was blocked by antibodies to mouse NGF. A two-site enzyme immunoassay showed the presence of 10 and 70 ng of NGF per g of tissue in the mouse testis and epididymis, respectively. Furthermore, RNA blot analysis showed the presence of mRNA for the NGF receptor in mouse testis. These results suggest a nonneurotrophic role for NGF in the male reproductive system, possibly in survival maturation and/or motility of spermatozoa.
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