| 1. |
- Bohman, Andrea, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19-induced academic stress and its impact on life satisfaction and optimism : a panel study of Swedish university students between 2020 and 2022
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Higher Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2156-8235 .- 2156-8243. ; 14:3, s. 429-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we analyse the level of and development in students’ academic stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We devote particular attention to students that first entered university in 2020, ‘the COVID cohort’, who had fewer opportunities to integrate in ways that theoretically should mitigate the impact of pandemic-induced disruption to their studies. Using four waves of data, collected 2020–2022, we find evidence of both pandemic and cohort effects among Swedish university students (N = 3138). During the pandemic’s first year academic stress due to COVID-19 increased regardless of pre-pandemic university experience. The stress, in turn, negatively impacted students’ life satisfaction, a factor theoretically linked to key student outcomes like persistence and academic performance but had limited effect on students’ long-term optimism. The COVID cohort expressed higher levels of academic stress and experienced a greater drop in life satisfaction compared to the most senior students (3 years or more), but largely overlapped with students with some university experience (1–2 years). These group differences persisted in spring 2022. Finally, we found that the higher levels of pandemic-induced academic stress in the COVID cohort were mitigated by experiences that foster academic and social integration, specifically by teacher support and social cohesion.
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| 2. |
- Bohman, Andrea, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Politics and prejudice : How political discussion with peers is related to attitudes about immigrants during adolescence
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sociology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2297-7775. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on prejudice has shown that with whom we surround ourselves matters for intergroup attitudes, but these studies have paid little attention to the content of those interactions. Studies on political socialization and deliberation have focused on the content of interaction by examining the transmission of norms as well as the direct consequences of political discussion on attitudes and behavior. However, this literature has not focused on prejudice as a potential consequence. In this study, we combine these approaches to examine if political discussions with peers during adolescence matter for prejudice. We rely on five waves of a Swedish panel of adolescents, ages 13-22. Results show an association between political discussion and prejudice over time, and that this relationship increases as adolescents grow older. Results also demonstrate that the effect of political discussions depends on the level of prejudice in one’s peer network. Discussion with low prejudice friends is associated with lower levels of prejudice over time, while political discussion with high prejudice peers is not significantly related to attitudes.
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| 3. |
- Bohman, Andrea, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Revisiting group threat theory using insights from stigma research
- 2024
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Ingår i: Migration stigma. - Cambridge, MA : MIT Press. - 9780262548120 - 9780262378833 ; , s. 45-57
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter focuses on group threat theory (Blumer 1958), one of the main sociological approaches used to explain prejudice toward minority groups. It examines the utility of the theory when applied to prejudice in the context of migration-generated diversity and analyzes how its original formulation by Blumer compares with the conceptualization of stigma by Link and Phelan (2001). Similarities and diff erences are drawn between Blumer's "four feelings" in prejudice and Link and Phelan's "four components" constitutive of stigma. Despite overlapping, complementary, and at time divergent arguments, using these two approaches in tandem may overcome the limitations of group threat theory and, in the process, advance research into anti-immigrant sentiment. In turn, it is posited that scholarship on stigma may gain from incorporating the concept of threat into its framework.
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| 4. |
- Breznau, Nate, et al.
(författare)
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Observing many researchers using the same data and hypothesis reveals a hidden universe of uncertainty
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 119:44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores how researchers analytical choices affect the reliability of scientific findings. Most discussions of reliability problems in science focus on systematic biases. We broaden the lens to emphasize the idiosyncrasy of conscious and unconscious decisions that researchers make during data analysis. We coordinated 161 researchers in 73 research teams and observed their research decisions as they used the same data to independently test the same prominent social science hypothesis: that greater immigration reduces support for social policies among the public. In this typical case of social science research, research teams reported both widely diverging numerical findings and substantive conclusions despite identical start conditions. Researchers expertise, prior beliefs, and expectations barely predict the wide variation in research outcomes. More than 95% of the total variance in numerical results remains unexplained even after qualitative coding of all identifiable decisions in each teams workflow. This reveals a universe of uncertainty that remains hidden when considering a single study in isolation. The idiosyncratic nature of how researchers results and conclusions varied is a previously underappreciated explanation for why many scientific hypotheses remain contested. These results call for greater epistemic humility and clarity in reporting scientific findings.
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| 5. |
- Eger, Maureen A., Dr. 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Argumentum ad populum : A reply to Bonikowski and DiMaggio
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nations and Nationalism. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1354-5078 .- 1469-8129. ; 28:1, s. 366-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our reply to Bonikowski and DiMaggio (2021) is in three parts. First, we clarify the aim of our research note (Eger & Hjerm, 2021). Our original critique was based on a replication of their inductive analysis, and we evaluated their work using best practices for the methodology that they chose. Our argument is straightforward: If one is going to use inductive methods to say something meaningful about the real world, one needs to make sure that the model being advanced fits the data. We present additional evidence supporting our original critique. Second, we discuss whether their new analyses bolster their original results and conclusions. Third, because their own results actually suggest that different levels of American nationalism exist rather than qualitatively different types, we question their claim of convergent validity. In short, we stand by our original critique.
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| 6. |
- Eger, Maureen A., Dr. 1977-
(författare)
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Economics or politics? : Assessing immigration as a challenge to the welfare state
- 2022
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Ingår i: Handbook on migration and welfare. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781839104565 - 9781839104572 ; , s. 45-63
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter assesses the extent to which immigration poses a challenge to the welfare state. To do this, I synthesize previous scholarship from economics, political science, and sociology to evaluate the economic and political implications of immigration for welfare states. Contrary to the fiscal burden and welfare magnet hypotheses, the most recent cross-national and longitudinal studies indicate that, on average, immigration's net fiscal impact is positive—albeit small. However, research on the political impact of immigration does provide evidence that immigration creates challenges for welfare states in regards to welfare attitudes, support for left parties, and redistributive social policies.
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| 7. |
- Eger, Maureen A., Dr. 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying Varieties of Nationalism : A Critique of a Purely Inductive Approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nations and Nationalism. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1354-5078 .- 1469-8129. ; 28:1, s. 341-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most theoretical and empirical approaches to nationalism not only distinguish between ethnic and civic notions of national belonging, but also differentiate national identity from national hubris, pride, and attachment. In this article, we examine recently published research on nationalist sentiments in the United States that takes a different approach. The study in question has already become quite influential in the field and has the potential to change how we conceptualize and operationalize attitudes about the nation. In this research note, we revisit its analytical strategy and exploratory methods. We ask two questions. First, does this study allow us to draw conclusions about American nationalism? To answer this, we replicate the original model and then execute additional postestimation analyses, whose results undermine the study's main conclusions. Second, we investigate whether judicious revisions to the study's model generate results that would lead us to the article's same conclusions. 385 additional models lend no support. Based on this evidence, we argue that the original study's conclusions stem from a misinterpretation of its LCA analysis, as our own analyses demonstrate that there is no empirical basis for its claims.
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| 8. |
- Eger, Maureen A., Dr. 1977-
(författare)
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Neo-nationalism and its Relationship to Globalization : A Test of the Backlash Hypothesis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Religion and Neo-Nationalism in Europe. - Baden-Baden, Germany : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft. - 9783848764143 - 9783748905059 ; , s. 61-84
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter, I test the backlash hypothesis by investigating the relationship between objective levels of globalization and elite articulation of political issues in European national elections between 1970 and 2017. To do this, I rely on data from the Manifesto Project and the KOF Swiss Economic Institute. Results indicate that globalization itself does not make these politics inevitable.
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| 9. |
- Eger, Maureen A., Dr. 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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“Speak English” : a comment on English language instruction in an era of neo-nationalism
- 2023
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Ingår i: TESOL quarterly (Print). - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0039-8322 .- 1545-7249. ; 57:3, s. 969-981
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research on neo-nationalism has largely focused on the political arena, analyzing voters, parties, and policies. The scholarship featured in this special issue moves beyond the analysis of neo-nationalism in contemporary politics to show how the ideology is enacted at the micro level. The stage for these dynamic interactions is educational settings related to the teaching of English. In this article, we comment on this new research that illustrates the variety of ways English language instruction can either advance or combat neo-nationalism. Despite the diversity of roles that English plays across different geographic and national-level contexts, this corpus of work makes evident the importance of language in maintaining national group boundaries. Inspired by this knowledge, we use data from the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) to explore how attitudes about speaking the national language are related to neo-nationalist stances cross-nationally. Our findings, which echo the micro-level evidence presented in the special issue, show that national languages are inextricably linked to the maintenance of national group boundaries and associated with neo-nationalist concerns about the erosion of national culture, economy, and political institutions due to perceived foreign threats.
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| 10. |
- Eger, Maureen A., Dr. 1977-
(författare)
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The Butterfly Effect: The Iraq War and Asylum Seeking in Sweden
- 2008
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- On the fifth anniversary of “Operation Iraqi Freedom,” I discuss the implications of the U.S. invasion of Iraq for other countries. By 2006, 95% percent of the four million displaced Iraqis found refuge in other Middle Eastern countries. Most of the rest sought asylum in Europe. In 2006, Iraqis became the largest nationality to seek asylum in Europe. That year, over 40% of all Iraqi applications for asylum in Europe went to Sweden.
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