| 1. |
- Nilsson, Jan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Development and validation of a new tool measuring nurses self-reported professional competence — The nurse professional competence (NPC) Scale
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Nurse Education Today. - Midlothian, Scotland : Elsevier BV. - 0260-6917 .- 1532-2793. ; 34:4, s. 574-580
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To develop and validate a new tool intended for measuring self-reported professional competence among both nurse students prior to graduation and among practicing nurses. The new tool is based on formal competence requirements from the Swedish Board of Health and Welfare, which in turn are based on WHO guidelines. Design: A methodological study including construction of a new scale and evaluation of its psychometric properties. Participants and settings: 1086 newly graduated nurse students from 11 universities/university colleges. Results: The analyses resulted in a scale named the NPC (Nurse Professional Competence) Scale, consisting of 88 items and covering eight factors: “Nursing care”, “Value-based nursing care”, “Medical/technical care”, “Teaching/ learning and support”, “Documentation and information technology”, “Legislation in nursing and safety planning”, “Leadership in and development of nursing care” and “Education and supervision of staff/students”. All factors achieved Cronbach's alpha values greater than 0.70. A second-order exploratory analysis resulted in two main themes: “Patient-related nursing” and “Nursing care organisation and development”. In addition, evidence of known-group validity for the NPC Scale was obtained.
|
|
| 2. |
- Nilsson, Jan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Nursing in a globalized world : Nursing students with international study experience report higher competence at graduation
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Open Journal of Nursing. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2162-5336 .- 2162-5344. ; :4, s. 848-858
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to globalization, there is a need for nurses with skills and competence in providing safe, competent and culturally appropriate care. The aim of the study was to investigate whether International Study Experiences (ISE) in other countries during basic nursing education had an impact on newly graduated nurses as regards to self-reported competence. Moreover, a second aim was to explore what background factors that facilitated or constituted a hindrance for nursing students to choose to conduct part of their basic nursing education abroad. At 11 Universities/University Colleges (henceforth called Higher Education Institutions [HEIs]) in Sweden, 565 nursing students responded to the Nurse Professional Competence (NPC) Scale. Students with ISE rated their competence significantly higher on three NPC competence areas; “Legislation in nursing and safety planning”, “Leadership and development of nursing” and “Education and supervision of staff/students”. Background factors that significantly seemed to enhance ISE were; living alone, not having children or other commitments, international focus at the HEI and previous international experience. Lack of financial means was reported to prevent students from choosing ISE. The study implies that several background factors are of importance whether students choose ISE or not. ISE during basic nursing education might result in better self-reported competence in leading and developing nursing care, including education of future nurses, and in providing safe care.
|
|
| 3. |
- Uwe, Nicolay, et al.
(författare)
-
Validation of a Disease-Specific Questionnaire for Measuring Parent-Reported Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Allergies
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Oxford : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 26:4, s. 679-687
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To evaluate the properties and suitability of a disease-specific questionnaire to assess parent-reported health-related quality of life (HRQL) of children and parents of children suffering from food hypersensitivity (FHS) or allergy to furred pets (AFP). Methods: The parents of 202 children with FHS and of 131 children with AFP filled in questionnaires comprising the CHQ-PF28 and the Food-Pet-Allergy in Children (FPAC) Questionnaire. Psychometric properties of the FPAC questionnaire were evaluated separately for FHS and AFP. Results: Analyses resulted in five proposed scales: Limitations of Family/Child Activities (I), Parents Distress (II), Childs Emotions (III), Child in School (IV) and Family Conflicts (V). Convergent/discriminant validity for scales I, II and III of both questionnaires was high; for scale IV it was moderate. All five FHS and four AFP scales were able to distinguish significantly between children with and without clinical allergy symptoms (known-group validity). Internal consistency reliability was good for scales I, II and III, but poor for scale IV. Conclusion: Three valid scales were determined for both FHS and AFP (Limitations of Family/Child Activities, Parents Distress and Childs Emotions) and can be used in clinical research.
|
|
| 4. |
- Almqvist, C, et al.
(författare)
-
Direct and indirect exposure to pets : - risk of sensitization and asthma at 4 years in a birth cohort
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 33, s. 1190-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: There are conflicting data on the association between early exposure to pets and allergic diseases. Bias related to retrospective information on pet ownership has been addressed as a reason for distorted study results.OBJECTIVE: To elucidate how early exposure to cat and dog relates to IgE-sensitization and asthma in children at 2 and 4 years of age, in a prospective birth-cohort study.METHODS: Four thousand and eighty-nine families with children born 1994-1996 in predefined areas of Stockholm answered questionnaires on environmental factors and symptoms of allergic disease at birth, one, two and four years of age. Dust samples collected from the mothers' beds at birth were analysed for Fel d 1 and Can f 1 in a subgroup of the cohort. Blood samples taken at four years from 2614 children were analysed for allergen-specific IgE to common airborne allergens. Risk associations were calculated with a multiple logistic regression model, with adjustment for potential confounders.RESULTS: A correlation was seen between allergen levels and reported exposure to cat and dog. Exposure to cat seemed to increase the risk of cat sensitization, OR (odds ratio) 1.44 (95% confidence interval 1.03-2.01), whereas dog exposure did not have any effect on dog sensitization, OR 1.16 (0.79-1.72). Dog ownership was related to a reduced risk of sensitization to other airborne allergens, OR 0.36 (0.15-0.83), and a similar tendency was seen for cat ownership OR 0.63 (0.37-1.07). Early dog ownership seemed to be associated with a lower risk of asthma, OR 0.50 (0.24-1.03), with no corresponding effect after cat ownership, OR 0.88 (0.56-1.38).CONCLUSION: Early exposure to cat seems to increase the risk of sensitization to cat but not of asthma at 4 years of age. Dog ownership, on the other hand, appears to be associated with lowered risk of sensitization to airborne allergens and asthma. Both aetiological relationships and selection effects have to be considered in the interpretation of these findings.
|
|
| 5. |
- Almqvist, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
-
Heredity, pet ownership, and confounding control in a population-based birth cohort
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 111, s. 800-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The association between pet ownership in childhood and subsequent allergic disease is controversial. Bias related to selection of pet exposure has been suggested as a reason for contradictory study results.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate how pet exposure depends on family history of allergic disease, smoking, and socioeconomic factors in a prospective birth cohort.METHODS: Parents of 4089 two-month-old children answered a questionnaire that included detailed questions about family history of asthma (maternal, paternal, and sibling), rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome, pollen and pet allergy, smoking habits, parental occupation, and family pet ownership (cat and dog). Dust samples collected from the mothers' beds were analyzed for Fel d 1 and Can f 1 in a subgroup of the cohort.RESULTS: Cats were less frequently kept in families with parental asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, or pet or pollen allergy (3.5% to 5.8%) than in families without parental allergic disease (10.8% to 11.8%). Dogs were less common in families with (3.3%) than in families without (5.9%) parental atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome. Families with smoking mothers and those with low socioeconomic index kept cats and dogs more frequently. Cat allergen levels were lower in homes with than in homes without maternal pet allergy, and this tended to hold true even for homes without a cat. Cat ownership decreased from birth to 2 years of age, especially in families with parental history of allergic diseases.CONCLUSION: There seems to be a selection of pet exposure based on parental history of allergy, maternal smoking, and socioeconomic factors. This has to be taken into consideration in evaluations of risk associations between pet exposure and allergic disease in childhood.
|
|
| 6. |
- Almqvist, C, et al.
(författare)
-
School as a risk environment for children allergic to cats and a site for transfer of cat allergen to homes
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 103:6, s. 1012-1017
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Many children are allergic to furred pets and avoid direct pet contact. The school may be a site of indirect exposure to pet allergens, which may induce or maintain symptoms of allergic diseases.OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate airborne levels of cat allergen (Fel d 1) at schools and in homes with or without cats and to study clothes as a route for dissemination of allergens between homes and school.METHODS: Airborne cat allergen was collected with personal samplers from (1) children attending classes with many (>25%) or few (<10%) cat owners and (2) homes with or without cats. A recently developed amplified ELISA assay, which detects low levels of airborne cat allergen in pet-free environments, was used. Dust samples were collected from clothes and mattresses.RESULTS: There was a 5-fold difference in the median levels of airborne cat allergen between classes with many and few cat owners (2.94 vs 0.59 ng/m3; P <.001). The median airborne cat allergen concentration in classes with many cat owners was significantly higher than that found in the homes of non-cat owners (P <.001) but lower than that found in homes with cats (P <.001). Allergen levels in non-cat owners' clothes increased after a school day (P <.001). Non-cat owners in classes with many cat owners had higher levels of mattress-bound cat allergen (P =.01).CONCLUSION: The results indicate significant exposure to cat allergen at school. Allergen is spread through clothing from homes with cats to classrooms. There the allergen is dispersed in air and contaminates the clothes of children without cats. The allergen levels in non-cat owners' homes correlate with exposure to cat allergen at school.
|
|
| 7. |
- Bergfors, Sofi, et al.
(författare)
-
Measuring health-related quality of life with the EQ-5D-Y instrument in children and adolescents with asthma
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 104:2, s. 167-173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Asthma is one of the most common chronic paediatric diseases worldwide and affects different dimensions of health-related quality of life. This study tested the feasibility and convergent validity of using the EQ-5D-Y instrument on children and adolescents with asthma.METHODS: A cross-sectional design was chosen, and children with asthma, aged from 8 to 16 years, were recruited from clinics in Stockholm, Sweden. To test convergent validity, the EQ-5D-Y instrument was combined with the Paediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire.RESULTS: The EQ-5D-Y proved feasible as nearly 96% of the 94 respondents completed all items on the questionnaire. High and moderate correlations between the two instruments were found for the dimensions of 'doing usual activities' and 'activity limitations' and for 'having pain or discomfort' and 'symptoms'. The visual analogue scale of the ED-5D-Y correlated with the Paediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire total score and the self-rated health question. The dimensions on the EQ-5D-Y with most reported problems were 'usual activities', 'pain or discomfort' and 'worried, sad or unhappy'.CONCLUSION: The EQ-5D-Y instrument seemed to provide feasibility and convergent validity for measuring health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with asthma.
|
|
| 8. |
- Burström, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
A Swedish child-friendly pilot version of the EQ-5D instrument : the development process
- 2011
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 21:2, s. 171-177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Revising existing health related-quality of life (HRQoL) instruments used among adults with the intention of making them child-friendly enables the collection of similar HRQoL data in children, adolescents and adults. The aim of this article is to describe and discuss the development process of a Swedish child-friendly pilot version of the EQ-5D instrument. Methods: We modified the existing Swedish EQ-5D adult version to make it child-friendly. Within a multidisciplinary research group, we investigated linguistic and interpretation issues by performing face-to-face and group interviews with children and adolescents aged 6–17 years. Results: The first modification of the adult language was to change single words into words intelligible to and used by children [e.g. changing ‘depression’ (depression) into ‘ledsen’ (sad)]. The second related to whole expressions (using verb-form in the headings of dimensions).Conclusion: The advantage of being able to collect much the same data from children and adolescents, for example in population surveys covering all ages and in chronic childhood diseases, as for adults might outweigh possible disadvantages of modifying existing HRQoL instruments. The Swedish child-friendly EQ-5D pilot version resulting from this development process is further tested for feasibility and construct validity in a clinical interview study; initial results are reported in a subsequent paper.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Burström, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
Testing a Swedish child-friendly pilot version of the EQ-5D instrument : — initial results
- 2011
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 21:2, s. 178-183
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:There is an increasing interest in studying health-related quality of life in children and adolescents. A Swedish child-friendly pilot version of the EQ-5D instrument has been developed. The aim of this article is to report on its assessment of feasibility and discriminative validity.METHODS:A questionnaire with the child-friendly pilot version was addressed during a clinical examination to 260 children aged 8 years and 230 children aged 12 years. Comprehensibility and acceptability were investigated and feasibility was assessed according to missing and ambiguous answers. Discriminative validity was investigated by determining whether groups that were a priori known to differ in health status (by clinical and socio-demographic characteristics) were distinguished also by the percentage of reported problems on the five health dimensions and by visual analogue scale (VAS) scores.RESULTS:Feasibility was supported for self-completion in the presence of an interviewer. Discriminative validity was supported as children with asthma or rhinitis, severe illness or handicap, having consulted health care during the past 3 months, overweight and obesity and children with a parent born outside the Nordic countries reported more problems and had lower VAS scores.CONCLUSIONS:The results of the initial testing of the Swedish child-friendly pilot version of the EQ-5D instrument indicate feasibility and discriminative validity. However, further research should explore alternative modes of administration and study design, and be performed in groups with a larger proportion with diseased children.
|
|
