| 1. |
- Brogårdh-Roth, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Five years' follow-up of dental fear and anxiety, experience of dental care and oral health behaviour in Swedish preterm and full-term adolescents
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Oral Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6831. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is rising concern about how preterm birth affects long-term health later in life. The various effects that preterm birth have on developmental outcomes, cognitive profiles and medical health may also affect levels of cooperation in the dental care situation in addition to general oral health and other oral health-related habits. Oral health is an integral part of one's general health and well-being; however, less is known about how prematurity affects oral health and other related areas such as dental care, and including dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in individuals during adolescence and adulthood. This is considered of special interest to study, as preterm children during the preschool and school period were reported to have behavioural problems during dental treatments and less than favourable oral hygiene. METHODS: A questionnaire was used of self-report design and structured into behavioural aspects relating to dental treatment, oral health-related factors, and medical health. This questionnaire at 17-19 years of age was a follow-up from 12 to 14 years of age and considered a predictor for planning future dental care for this group of patients. The 145 participating adolescents were all preterm, born between 23 and 32 weeks of gestation and 140 full-term controls, born ≥37 weeks of gestation. RESULTS: Dental fear and anxiety, oral health behaviour, and intake of sweets and sugary drinks of 17-19-year old adolescents born preterm was comparable to that of the full-term control group. Medical health problems as well as the intake of sweets and sugary drinks increased from the time of early adolescence to late adolescence in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Preterm as well as full-term adolescents between 17 and 19 years of age are satisfied with their dental care and display low prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA). The findings in this study indicate that adolescents born very preterm and extremely preterm are well prepared for transition to dental care in adult life with expectations of being able to take responsibility for their oral health. KEYWORDS: Adolescent; Born preterm; Dental care; Oral health behaviour
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| 2. |
- Nilsson, Ing-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Temporomandibular pain in adolescents with a history of preterm birth
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1365-2842 .- 0305-182X. ; 46:7, s. 589-596
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the frequency of TMD pain among adolescents with a history of preterm birth compared to a matched control group. METHODS: A group of 192 preterm-born adolescents was followed up at the age of 17-19 years and compared to matched controls. Self-report questionnaires included screening questions about TMD pain, chronic diseases, general health, depression, anxiety, anger, antisocial behavior, and self-concept. TMD pain was defined as answering 'yes' to one or both of the following questions: "Do you have pain in the temple, face, temporomandibular joint, or jaws once a week or more?" and "Do you have pain when you open your mouth wide or chew once a week or more often?" Data analysis was performed using chi-square test and logistic regression model with likelihood ratio test. RESULTS: A TMD pain frequency of 23% of preterm-born adolescents and 26% among the controls was found, with no significant differences between the groups. Neither were there differences regarding anxiety, depression, anger, or self-confidence. Within the preterm group, adolescents with TMD pain registered tension and pain in the body, trouble sleeping, stomach pain, and feelings of hopelessness about the future. The controls with TMD pain, more reported having a bad life, feeling like a failure, and having bodily pain. Among tested background variables only TMJ locking or intermittent locking once a week or more was found to explain TMD pain in adolescents. CONCLUSION: A high frequency of TMD pain was found in both groups, one possible explanation could be TMJ dysfunction.
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| 3. |
- Alnegren, Patrik, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Metallic Bipolar Plates for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
- 2016
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Ingår i: Fuel Cells. - : Wiley. - 1615-6846 .- 1615-6854. ; 16:1, s. 39-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High temperature polymer membrane fuel cells (HTPEMFCs) are promising devices for future mobile applications. To minimize phosphoric acid migration from the membranes and to reduce the total stack weight and size metallic bipolar plates are a promising alternative. So far only very few published results are available on the use of metallic bipolar plates in HTPEMFCs. During this work a single test cell was equipped with metallic endplates to investigate the possibility of using metallic bipolar plates in HTPEMFC stacks. Furthermore we tried to simulate the environments present in an HTPEMFC by furnace exposures in an attempt to develop a simplified test method for accelerated corrosion of bipolar plate materials. It was found that the performance of the HTPEM test cell decreased by about 15 mu V h(-1). More corrosion products were seen on the cathode side samples, whereas on the anode side sample the corrosion attack of the steel was more severe. These results were successfully replicated in simulated furnace experiments.
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| 4. |
- Ekberg, Johanna, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of single splats produced by axial suspension plasma spraying
- 2018
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Ingår i: Surface Engineering. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1743-2944 .- 0267-0844. ; 34:5, s. 407-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Axial suspension plasma spraying (ASPS) is a relatively new, innovative technique with which microstructures have been produced that are similar to the ones produced by electron beam physical vapor deposition. They have a columnar structure and consist of nm- and µm-sized pores. However, so far the formation of the microstructure is not fully understood because fragmentation and vaporisation of the liquid significantly affects the deposition process. Analysis of single splats can provide important information on the phenomena controlling the coating formation process and the final coating properties. Therefore, the present study aims at providing first results of 8 wt-% yttria-stabilised zirconia single splats sprayed onto a steel substrate by use of ASPS. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy have been used to characterise the splats with respect to appearance, shape, and size distribution.
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| 5. |
- Ekberg, Johanna, 1987
(författare)
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Investigation of microstructure and porosity of columnar yttria-stabilized zirconia coatings produced by axial suspension plasma spraying
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ceramic topcoats provide thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with its heat insulating properties. The heat transfer is primarily occurring by conduction through the bulk material, therefore features such as interfaces, pores and grain boundaries are essential for thermal insulation as they act as scattering sites. In this work, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings produced by suspension plasma spraying (SPS) were investigated with respect to their microstructure and especially their porosity. SPS coatings are built-up by fine powder particles and consist of pores in a wide pore size range, from a few nanometer up to micrometer sizes. The porosity in the coatings was measured using two techniques which have never before been applied on SPS coatings, X-ray microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) cryoporometry. With X-ray microscopy, the coating was visualized in three dimensions revealing a porosity that is heterogeneously distributed within the coating. The technique showed pores with a complex shape, which are part of a connected pore network as well as closed porosity. NMR cryoporometry measured pore sizes down to a few nanometer and provided valuable information regarding pore bottlenecks. The pore shapes were approximated using simple geometrical models. For all investigated coatings, the pore shape for the smaller pore sizes was best described with an elongated geometry while the larger pores had a more spherical geometry. For SPS coatings, more information on the coating formation process is still required. A single splat analysis was performed and the first layer of deposited material by use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique. The splats were examined with respect to their appearance, i.e. their size, thickness, presence of cracks and grain size. Splat volume was calculated and compared with the particles in the suspension.
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| 6. |
- Ekberg, Johanna, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Porosity investigation of yttria-stabilized zirconia topcoats using NMR cryoporometry
- 2017
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Ingår i: Surface and Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972. ; 315, s. 468-474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Axial suspension plasma spraying (ASPS) is a new, innovative plasma spray technique using a feedstockconsisting of fine powder particles suspended in a liquid. With ASPS, thermal barrier coating (TBC) topcoatswith columnar structures have been produced that are built up by fine powder particles. The microstructure consistsof micro-,meso-, and macro-pores. Due to thewide pore size range including nano-porosity it is challengingto measure porosity and pore size distribution in TBC topcoats. However, it is important to characterize the porousstructure as it affects the thermal conductivity. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) cryoporometry is apromising method for performing such measurements because of its capability of measuring pores down tonanometer size and providing information about the pore geometry. The aim of this paper is to introduce NMRcryoporometry as a newcharacterization technique for determining porosity, pore size distribution and pore geometryof TBC topcoats produced by ASPS. The study includes the comparison of two different yttria-stabilizedzirconia topcoats and NMR cryoporometry is complemented by microstructural characterization using scanningelectron microscopy.
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| 7. |
- Ekberg, Johanna, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Porosity measurements on heat treated suspension plasma sprayed YSZ coatings using NMR cryoporometry
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Thermal Spray Conference 2017 Proceedings. - 9783961440009 ; DVS-Berichte Volume 336, s. 308-313
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Suspension plasma sprayed (SPS) coatings can be produced with fine powder particles and tailor-made porosity.This allows to achieve low thermal conductivity which makes the coatings attractive as e.g. topcoats in thermalbarrier coatings (TBCs). Used in gas turbine applications, the TBCs are exposed to high temperatures which leadsto alterations of the microstructure. To obtain coatings with optimized properties, possible microstructurealterations like closing of pores and opening of cracks have to be taken into account. Hence, in this study, TBCtopcoats consisting of 8 wt.% yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) were heat treated in air at 1150°C and thereafterinvestigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)cryoporometry. For all investigated samples, the porosity decreased as a result of the heat treatment. The finerpores and cracks disappeared and the larger pores grew slightly and achieved a more distinct shape as thematerial seemed to become more compact.
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| 8. |
- Ekberg, Johanna, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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The Influence of Heat Treatments on the Porosity of Suspension Plasma-Sprayed Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Coatings
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Thermal Spray Technology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1059-9630 .- 1544-1016. ; 27:3, s. 391-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Suspension plasma-sprayed coatings are produced using fine-grained feedstock. This allows to control the porosity and to achieve low thermal conductivity which makes the coatings attractive as topcoats in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). Used in gas turbine applications, TBCs are exposed to high temperature exhaust gases which lead to microstructure alterations. In order to obtain coatings with optimized thermomechanical properties, microstructure alterations like closing of pores and opening of cracks have to be taken into account. Hence, in this study, TBC topcoats consisting of 4 mol.% yttria-stabilized zirconia were heat-treated in air at 1150 °C and thereafter the coating porosity was investigated using image analysis (IA) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) cryoporometry. Both IA and NMR cryoporometry showed that the porosity changed as a result of the heat treatment for all investigated coatings. In fact, both techniques showed that the fine porosity decreased as a result of the heat treatment, while IA also showed an increase in the coarse porosity. When studying the coatings using scanning electron microscopy, it was noticed that finer pores and cracks disappeared and larger pores grew slightly and achieved a more distinct shape as the material seemed to become more compact.
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| 9. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Describe Yourself, Know Yourself: Natural Language Descriptions of Personality and Dark Triad Traits
- 2016
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Ingår i: 28th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Using quantitative semantics we found that individuals’ freely generated self-descriptions are associated to measures of their dark traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). In addition, individuals who score high in these malevolent traits display self-awareness of their behavior by the words they choose to describe themselves (e.g., “mean”, “sarcastic”).
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| 10. |
- Karlsson Sundbaum, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Severe COVID-19 among patients with asthma and COPD: a report from the Swedish National Airway Register
- 2021
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Ingår i: Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease. - : SAGE Publications. - 1753-4658 .- 1753-4666. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with obstructive lung diseases may be at risk of hospitalization and/or death due to COVID-19. Aim: To estimate the frequency of severe COVID-19, and COVID-19-related mortality in a well-defined large population of patients with asthma and chronic inflammatory lung disease (COPD). Further to assess the frequency of asthma and COPD as registered comorbidities at discharge from hospital, and in death certificates. Methods: At the start of the pandemic, the Swedish National Airway Register (SNAR) included 271,404 patients with a physician diagnosis of asthma and/or COPD. In September 2020, after the first COVID-19 wave in Sweden, the database was linked with the National Patient Register (NPR), the Swedish Intensive Care Register and the Swedish Cause of Death Register, which all provide data about COVID-19 based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes. Severe COVID-19 was defined as hospitalization and/or intensive care or death due to COVID-19. Results: Among patients in SNAR, 0.5% with asthma, and 1.2% with COPD were identified with severe COVID-19. Among patients < 18 years with asthma, only 0.02% were severely infected. Of hospitalized adults, 14% with asthma and 29% with COPD died. Further, of patients in SNAR, 56% with asthma and 81% with COPD were also registered in the NPR, while on death certificates the agreement was lower (asthma 24% and COPD 71%). Conclusion: The frequency of severe COVID-19 in asthma and COPD was relative low. Mortality for those hospitalized was double as high in COPD compared to asthma. Comorbid asthma and COPD were not always identified among patients with severe COVID-19.
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