| 1. |
- Carlsson, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Consensus in distributed soft environments
- 1992
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Ingår i: European Journal of Operational Research. - : Elsevier. - 0377-2217 .- 1872-6860. ; 61:1-2, s. 165-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the problem of formalizing consensus reaching within a set of decision makers trying to find and agree upon a mutual decision. Decision makers produce their individual rankings, using their own pet decision schemas. Thus consensus reaching relies only on the aggregation of individual decisions rather than on individual decision procedures. The aggregation of the individual rankings is supported by an advising monitor which tries to contract the decision makers into a mutual decision through soft enforcement. Convergence to consensus then depends upon the decision makers' willingness to compromise. We use a topological approach to consensus where we can measure distances between decision makers. Within the approach we can also model the trade-off between a degree of consensus and a strength of majority.
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| 2. |
- Eklund, Heidi-Tuulia, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative framework for assessment in education and health
- 2023
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Ingår i: Global perspectives on health assessments for an aging population. - : IGI Global. - 9781668476314 - 9781668476307 ; , s. 1-12
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter the authors compare assessment techniques in education and health. These examples are drawn from assessment for learning in secondary school as compared with assessment of functioning in care of older people. Content in these respective assessment environments is obviously quite different, but there is some overlap, in particular related to social circumstances. The authors further argue that the assessment structure and formal analysis techniques are and even should be quite similar. These two domains of assessments share not only a common information and terminological structure, but also a common assessment framework (CAF) which is shown to be extendable by process detail. In this focus on assessment in health, particularly in active and healthy ageing, the model is intended to support the integration of information and processes (decision and intervention pathways) supporting various types of providers.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Eklund, Heidi-Tuulia, et al.
(författare)
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Process drama based information management for assessment and classification in learning
- 2014
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Ingår i: Social networks. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319029924 - 9783319374871 - 9783319029931 ; , s. 333-352
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter we present a formal description of information management for assessment and classification in learning. The description is supported by a structure related to drama process for learning. Our logic follows the idea of invoking uncertainties using underlying categories, and the language of processes in 'drama process' is taken to be BPMN (Business Process Modelling Notation).
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| 5. |
- Jarstad, Anna, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Three approaches to peace : a framework for describing and exploring varieties of peace
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For decades, peace and conflict studies have devoted more attention to conflict than to peace, and despiteits centrality, peace itself has been under-conceptualized. In this paper, we propose a theoretical frameworkand methodologies to make peace beyond the absence of war researchable. The framework is designed to capture varieties of peace between and beyond dichotomous conceptions of positive versus negative peace, or successful versus failed peace processes. To capture the complexity of peace in its empirical diversity, our framework approaches peace in three different ways: as a situation or condition in a particular locality; as a web of relationships; and as ideas or discourses about what peace is or should be. These approaches provide different avenues for researching peace, and taken together they provide a fuller picture of what peace is, how it is manifested, experienced, and understood. We argue that this framework provides a way forward in advancing conceptual understandings and empirical analyses of peace that can facilitate systematic, comparative, qualitative analyses while at the same time accounting for the complex, multifaceted nature of peace.
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| 6. |
- Jarstad, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Varieties of peace : presentation of a research program
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Varieties of Peace research program aims to analyze long-term effects of peace processes in conflicts that ended in the 1990s. The central research questions are: What characterizes peace after the peace processes initiated in the 1990s and how does it vary? How can this variation be described and explained? Peace processes have been studied using short time perspectives, usually in "lessons-learned" evaluations five years after conflict termination, and usually with theories of conflict as a starting point. The Varieties of Peace research program is an ambitious initiative, which starts from a theoretical understanding of peace, its quality and character, and views peace and peace processes as dynamic and transformative. It will investigate and evaluate different types of peace processes from a comparative perspective and 25–30 years after they started, with the ambition of producing generalizable knowledge about peace, what it is and how it can be achieved. As a starting point, the program studies explanatory factors in five areas: 1) the actions, capacity and resilience of civil society, 2) the interests and strategies of the elites, 3) the aims and character of the agreements, 4) the societies' institutions and resilience, and 5) international involvement. These issues will be studies in at least ten projects, with the ambition to capture and explain variation, internal dynamics and ultimately the results and effects of peace processes, studied over a longer period of time. The Varieties of Peace program is funded by Riksbankens Jubileumsfond: the Swedish Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences, 2017-2024. For more info, please visit our webpage at www.varietiesofpeace.net.
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| 7. |
- Aaij, R., et al.
(författare)
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A model-independent measurement of the CKM angle γ in partially reconstructed B±→D∗h± decays with D→K0Sh+h-(h=π,K)
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; :2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A measurement of CP-violating observables in B± → D∗K± and B± → D∗π±decays is made where the photon or neutral pion from the D∗ → Dγ or D∗ → Dπ0 decayis not reconstructed. The D meson is reconstructed in the self-conjugate decay modes,D → K0Sπ+π− or D → K0SK+K−. The distribution of signal yields in the D decay phasespace is analysed in a model-independent way. The measurement uses a data sample collectedin proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding toa total integrated luminosity of approximately 9 fb−1. The B± → D∗K± and B± → D∗π±CP-violating observables are interpreted in terms of hadronic parameters and the CKM angleγ, resulting in a measurement of γ = (92+21−17)◦. The total uncertainty includes the statisticaland systematic uncertainties, and the uncertainty due to external strong-phase inputs.
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| 8. |
- Aaij, R., et al.
(författare)
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A search for rare B → Dμ+μ− decays
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; 2024:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A search for rare B → Dμ+μ− decays is performed using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1. No significant signals are observed in the non-resonant μ+μ− modes, and upper limits of B(B0 → D0μ+μ−)< 5.1 × 10−8, B (B+ → D+s μ+μ−) < 3.2 × 10−8, B(B0s → D0μ+μ−)<1.6 × 10−7 and fc/fu · B (B+c → D+s μ+μ−) < 9.6 × 10−8 are set at the 95 % confidencelevel, where fc and fu are the fragmentation fractions of a B meson with a c and u quarkrespectively in proton-proton collisions. Each result is either the first such measurement oran improvement by three orders of magnitude on an existing limit. Separate upper limits arecalculated when the muon pair originates from a J/ψ → μ+μ− decay. The branching fractionof B+c → D+s J/ψ multiplied by the fragmentation-fraction ratio is measured to befc/fu · B(B+c → D+s J/ψ)= (1.63 ± 0.15 ± 0.13) × 10−5,where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.
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| 9. |
- Aaij, R., et al.
(författare)
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A study of CP violation in the decays B± → [K + K −π+π− ]D h± (h = K, π) and B± → [π+π−π+π− ]D h±
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Nature. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first study of CP violation in the decay mode B-+/- -> [K+K-pi(+)pi(-)](D)h(+/-), with h = K, pi, is presented, exploiting a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 9fb(-1). The analysis is performed in bins of phase space, which are optimised for sensitivity to local CP asymmetries. CP-violating observables that are sensitive to the angle gamma of the Unitarity Triangle are determined. The analysis requires external information on charm-decay parameters, which are currently taken from an amplitude analysis of LHCb data, but can be updated in the future when direct measurements become available. Measurements are also performed of phase-space integrated observables for B-+/- -> [K+K-pi(+)pi(-)](D)h(+/-) and B-+/- -> [pi(+)pi(-)pi(+)pi(-)](D)h(+/-) decays.
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| 10. |
- Aaij, R., et al.
(författare)
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Amplitude analysis of B0? : D0Ds+p - and B plus ? D -Ds plus p plus decays
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 108:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resonant contributions in B0 & RARR; over bar D0D+s & pi;- and B+ & RARR; D-D+s & pi;+ decays are determined with an amplitude analysis, which is performed both separately and simultaneously, where in the latter case isospin symmetry between the decays is assumed. The analysis is based on data collected by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The full data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb-1. A doubly charged spin-0 open-charm tetraquark candidate together with a neutral partner, both with masses near 2.9 GeV, are observed in the Ds & pi; decay channel.
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