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- Alsved, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental and computational evaluation of airborne bacteria in hospital operating rooms with high airflows
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of The 5<sup>th</sup> Working & Indoor Aerosols Conference 18-20 April 2018; Cassino, Italy.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Post-operative infections after surgery can be decreased by the use of efficient ventilation with clean air. In this study, we investigated three types of operating room ventilation: turbulent mixed airflow(TMA), laminar airflow (LAF) and a new type of ventilation named temperature controlled airflow(TcAF). Measurements of airborne bacteria were made during surgery and compared with values calculated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results show that LAF and TcAF are most efficient in removing bacteria around the patient. With LAF, there are large differences in bacterial loads, depending on location in the room.
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- Alsved, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Airborne bacteria in hospital operating rooms during ongoing surgery
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionPost-operative infections obtained from open-wound surgeries constitute an unnecessary load on both healthcare and affected patients. It is well established that increased air cleanliness reduces the number of post-operative infections. Therefore, the ventilation system is important in order to reduce the number of infectious particles in the air during surgery. Ventilation with high airflow, as in operating rooms, consumes a high amount of energy and it is thus desirable to find energy efficient solutions. ObjectivesThe purpose of this work was to evaluate air quality, energy efficiency and working environment comfort for three different ventilation techniques in operating rooms. MethodThe newly developed ventilation system temperature controlled airflow (TcAF) was compared with the conventionally used turbulent mixed airflow (TMA) and laminar airflow (LAF). In total, 750 air sample measurements were performed during 45 orthopaedic operations: 15 for each type of ventilation system [1]. The concentration of colony forming units (CFU)/m3 was measured at three locations in the rooms: close to the wound (<0.5 m), at the instrument table and peripherally in the room. The working environment comfort was evaluated in a questionnaire.ResultsOur study shows that both LAF and TcAF maintains CFU concentrations in the air during ongoing surgery significantly below 10 CFU/m3 at the wound and at the instrument table, and for TcAF also in the periphery of the room, see Figure 1. The median CFU concentration in TMA was at or above 10 CFU/m3 at all locations. TcAF used less than half the airflow to that of LAF, resulting in a 28% reduction in energy consumption. The working environment comfort was perceived less noisy and having less draft in the TcAF than the LAF ventilation.SummaryBoth the LAF and TcAF ventilation maintain high air cleanliness with low CFU concentrations throughout the operation. TMA is less efficient in removing bacteria from the air close to the patient.
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- Sadrizadeh, Sasan, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of staff number and internal constellation on surgical site infection in an operating room
- 2014
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Ingår i: Particuology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1674-2001 .- 2210-4291. ; 13:1, s. 42-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prediction of bacteria-carrying particle (BCP) dispersion and particle distribution released from staff members in an operating room (OR) is very important for creating and sustaining a safe indoor environment. Postoperative wound infections cause significant morbidity and mortality, and contribute to increased hospitalization time. Increasing the number of personnel within the OR disrupts the ventilation airflow pattern and causes enhanced contamination risk in the area of an open wound. Whether the amount of staff within the OR influences the BCP distribution in the surgical zone has rarely been investigated. This study was conducted to explore the influence of the number of personnel in the OR on the airflow field and the BCP distribution. This was performed by applying a numerical calculation to map the airflow field and Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT) for the BCP phase. The results are reported both for active sampling and passive monitoring approaches. Not surprisingly, a growing trend in the BCP concentration (cfu/m(3)) was observed as the amount of staff in the OR increased. Passive sampling shows unpredictable results due to the sedimentation rate, especially for small particles (5-10 mu m). Risk factors for surgical site infections (SSIs) must be well understood to develop more effective prevention programs.
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