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- Othman, Nor Zalina, et al.
(author)
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Aeration rate effect on the growth kinetics, phytase production and plasmid stability of recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)
- 2014
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In: Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology. - 0973-7510. ; 8:4, s. 2721-2728
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Phytase production using Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), a recombinant strain harboring a plasmid encoding thermostable Bacillus phytase, in semi-industrial scale was studied in this work. Among the factors needed to be considered in order to achieve high enzyme yield, aeration rate plays an important role. Suitable aeration is required to supply cells with sufficient amount of air for cell and phytase production. The effect of different aeration rates, (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 vv-1min-1), on the kinetics of cell growth and phytase production by the recombinant E. coli BL21 (DE3) in 16-L pilot scale stirred tank bioreactor was investigated. The highest cell concentration of 3.81 gL-1 concomitant with the maximal total phytase production of 15.63 UmL-1 were obtained in a bioreactor of aeration rate 3.0vv-1min-1. At this high aeration rate, a maximal specific growth rate (μmax) and the maximal specific phytase production of 0.33 h-1 and 4102Ug-1, respectively, were achieved.
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| 2. |
- El Enshasy, Hesham A., et al.
(author)
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Mushroom immunomodulators: unique molecules with unlimited applications
- 2013
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In: Trends in Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-7799. ; 31:12, s. 668-677
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For centuries, mushrooms have been used as food and medicine in different cultures. More recently, many bioactive compounds have been isolated from different types of mushrooms. Among these, immunomodulators have gained much interest based on the increasing growth of the immunotherapy sector. Mushroom immunomodulators are classified under four categories based on their chemical nature as: lectins, terpenoids, proteins, and polysaccharides. These compounds are produced naturally in mushrooms cultivated in greenhouses. For effective industrial production, cultivation is carried out in submerged culture to increase the bioactive compound yield, decrease the production time, and reduce the cost of downstream processing. This review provides a comprehensive overview on mushroom immunomodulators in terms of chemistry, industrial production, and applications in medical and nonmedical sectors.
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