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| 2. |
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Att välja trä
- 2020. - 10
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 3. |
- Eliasson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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The 2000 tularemia outbreak : a case-control study of risk factors in disease-endemic and emergent areas, Sweden
- 2002
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 8:9, s. 956-960
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A widespread outbreak of tularemia in Sweden in 2000 was investigated in a case-control study in which 270 reported cases of tularemia were compared with 438 controls. The outbreak affected parts of Sweden where tularemia had hitherto been rare, and these "emergent" areas were compared with the disease-endemic areas. Multivariate regression analysis showed mosquito bites to be the main risk factor, with an odds ratio (OR) of 8.8. Other risk factors were owning a cat (OR 2.5) and farm work (OR 3.2). Farming was a risk factor only in the disease-endemic area. Swollen lymph nodes and wound infections were more common in the emergent area, while pneumonia was more common in the disease-endemic area. Mosquito bites appear to be important in transmission of tularemia. The association between cat ownership and disease merits further investigation.
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| 4. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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User-Centred Co-Design in the Pandemic - A Reindeer Case
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Design Society. - : Cambridges Institutes Press. ; , s. 171-180
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An innovative design process which has been conducted under the restrictions during the covid-19 pandemic is in focus in this study. Visits were banned so user-centred design activities were particularly challenged by the necessity to meet and work online. The purpose of the study is to present and reflect on how user-centred design was done under those conditions. The potential users, the reindeer herders, were merely contacted online, the user investigation were supported by for example using videos and storytelling. Also, the final concept is presented.
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| 5. |
- Siwecki, Tadeusz, et al.
(författare)
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Optimization of Slab Reheating & Processing Temperatures for Flat and Long Products of High Strength Steels
- 2013
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present work was carried out with the aim of reducing the initial slab reheating temperature before rolling while at the same time improving properties by optimisation of the steel composition and process parameters. Optimisation of slab reheating and hot rolling/cooling parameters in connection with heavy plate, strip and long products rolling has been carried out on a laboratory scale for high strength steels. The investigation has concerned six steels originating from SSAB EMEA (Borlänge and Oxelösund) and OVAKO Bar AB (Smedjebacken). Effects have been investigated of reduced slab reheating temperature (Treh), finish rolling temperature during thermo-mechanical processing (TMCP) and accelerated cooling rates (ACR=20-80°C/s) following hot rolling to the coiling temperature of 550°-600°C or to room temperature (RT). The results obtained for strip steels show also that a reduced reheating temperature (1220°C) combined with a high finish rolling temperatures and cooling rates over 20°C/s to coiling temperatures (Tcoil) of 550°-600°C produce very positive mechanical properties in the present steels. Improvements in the yield strength of heavy plate have been obtained by lowering the slab reheating temperature from 1240°C to 1160°C, especially in combination with high pass reductions of 15% and rapid cooling (~100°C/s) to RT. Yield stress improvement for the long product was obtained by lowering the slab reheating temperature from 1250°C to 1180°C and by increasing the cooling rate up to 5°C/s to RT. The results obtained in laboratory scale have been compared with full scale strips and long products of the present steels processed industrially in a same manner and a good agreement between these results has been observed. Analyses of precipitates (particles size and chemistry) in the specimens after TMCP processing were carried out using transmission electron microscopy. The results agree with expectations from ThermoCalc predictions of precipitate dissolution and show a close relationship with the observed microstructures and properties. Lowering the slab reheat temperature by 60-80°C reduces energy consumption by up to 14000 MWh per year and, as a result, reduces the release of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere by 3 600 tonnes per year during production of the present steels.
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| 6. |
- Akerblom, H., et al.
(författare)
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Association of Gastric Bypass Surgery With Risk of Developing Diabetic Retinopathy Among Patients With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Sweden: An Observational Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Jama Ophthalmology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6165 .- 2168-6173. ; 139:2, s. 200-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE Knowledge of the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) after gastric bypass surgery (GBP) in patients with obesity and diabetes could guide the management of these patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of diabetic ocular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes after GBP compared with the incidence of diabetic ocular complications in a matched cohort of patients with obesity and diabetes who have not undergone GBP. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data from 2 nationwide registers in Sweden, the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry and the National Diabetes Register, were used for this cohort study. A total of 5321 patients with diabetes from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry who had undergone GBP from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2013, were matched with 5321 patients with diabetes from the National Diabetes Register who had not undergone GBP, based on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and calendar time (2007-2013). Follow-up data were obtained until December 31, 2015. Statistical analysis was performed from October 5, 2018, to September 30, 2019. EXPOSURE Gastric bypass surgery. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incidence of new DR and other diabetic ocular complications. RESULTS The study population consisted of 5321 patients who had undergone GBP (3223 women [60.6%]; mean [SD] age, 49.0 [9.5] years) and 5321 matched controls (3395 women [63.8%]; mean [SD] age, 47.1 [11.5] years). Mean (SD) follow-up was 4.5 (1.6) years. The mean (SD) BMI and hemoglobin A1c concentration at baseline were 42.0 (5.7) and 7.6%(1.5%), respectively, in the GBP group and 40.9 (7.3) and 7.5%(1.5%), respectively, in the control group. The mean (SD) duration of diabetes was 6.8 (6.3) years in the GBP group and 6.4 (6.4) years in the control group. The risk for new DR was reduced in the patients who underwent GBP (hazard ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.49-0.78]; P <.001). The dominant risk factors for development of DR at baseline were diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1c concentration, use of insulin, glomerular filtration rate, and BMI. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This nationwide matched cohort study suggests that there is a reduced risk of developing new DR associated with GBP, and no evidence of an increased risk of developing DR that threatened sight or required treatment. (c) 2021 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Akner, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Styrningen har blivit ett hot
- 2016
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; 25 jul
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Antona, Jacobo, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Aging on Brain Injury Prediction in Rotational Head Trauma - A Parameter Study with a Rat Finite Element Model
- 2015
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Ingår i: Traffic Injury Prevention. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1538-957X .- 1538-9588. ; 16, s. S91-S99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of age-related intracranial changes on the potential outcome of diffuse axonal injuries and acute subdural hematoma under rotational head loading.Methods: A simulation-based parametric study was conducted using an updated and validated finite element model of a rat head. The validation included a comparison of predicted brain cortex sliding with respect to the skull. Further, model material properties were modified to account for aging; predicted tissue strains were compared with experimental data in which groups of rats in 2 different lifecycle stages, young adult and mature adult, were subjected to rotational trauma. For the parameter study, 2 age-dependent factors-brain volume and region-specific brain material properties-were implemented into the model. The models young adult and old age were subjected to several injurious and subinjurious sagittal plane rotational acceleration levels. Results: Sequential analysis of the simulated trauma progression indicates that an increase in acute subdural hematoma injury risk indicator occurs at an early stage of the trauma, whereas an increase in diffuse axonal injury risk indicators occurs at a later stage. Tissue stiffening from young adult to mature adult rats produced an increase in strain-based thresholds accompanied by a wider spread of strain distribution toward the rear part of the brain, consistent with rotational trauma experiments with young adult and mature adult rats. Young adult to old age brain tissue softening and brain atrophy resulted in an increase in diffuse axonal injuries and acute subdural hematoma injury risk indicators, respectively. Conclusions: The findings presented in this study suggest that age-specific injury thresholds should be developed to enable the development of superior restraint systems for the elderly. The findings also motivate other further studies on age-dependency of head trauma.
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