| 1. |
- Noardo, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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GeoBIM benchmark 2019 : design and initial results
- 2019
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Ingår i: The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences : ISPRS Geospatial Week 2019, 10–14 June 2019, Enschede, The Netherlands - ISPRS Geospatial Week 2019, 10–14 June 2019, Enschede, The Netherlands. ; Volume XLII-2/W13, s. 1339-1346
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- GeoBIM, the integration of 3D geoinformation (Geo) with building information models (BIM), is a subject of increasing attention in both domains. A well-known practical challenge for this integration is the mixed state of software support for open standards in each domain that would ease the integration. This is often known by practitioners but poorly documented. In order to solve this problem, we devised the GeoBIM benchmark, in which we compile the experiences of volunteering participants, who perform a guided study to test the software they are most familiar with against a few provided datasets structured in open standards. The aim of the tests is to improve the knowledge of the state of the art in the software support for GeoBIM open standards and to identify points for improvement. In this paper, we present the design of the benchmark, especially explaining and discussing the chosen data to be used with their connected issues to be tested, and some initial results.
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| 2. |
- Noardo, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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Opportunities and Challenges for GeoBIM in Europe: developing a building permits use-case to raise awareness and examine technical interoperability challenges
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Spatial Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1449-8596 .- 1836-5655. ; 65:2, s. 209-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration of geoinformation with BIM (GeoBIM) is critical to underpin solutions to many city-related challenges. However, to achieve an effective integration it is necessary to consider not only data and technical options but also current practice and users’ needs. This paper describes work carried out within the EuroSDR-GeoBIM project to address this challenge. After investigating potential uses for GeoBIM and existing challenges, we address a planning permits for buildings use case, to help bridging the gap between theory and practice. The resultshighlights a high-level harmonised workflow envisaging the use of GeoBIM information for automating the planning permits process.
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| 3. |
- Noardo, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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Reference study of CityGML software support : The GeoBIM benchmark 2019—Part II
- 2021
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Ingår i: Transactions in GIS. - : Wiley. - 1361-1682 .- 1467-9671. ; 25:2, s. 842-868
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OGC CityGML is an open standard for 3D city models intended to foster interoperability and support various applications. However, through our practical experience and discussions with practitioners, we have noticed several problems related to the implementation of the standard and the use of standardized data. Nevertheless, a systematic investigation of these issues has never been carried out, and there is thus insufficient evidence for tackling the problems. The GeoBIM benchmark project is aimed at finding such evidence by involving external volunteers, reporting on various aspects of the behavior of tools (geometry, semantics, georeferencing, functionalities), analyzed and described in this article. This study explicitly pointed out the critical points embedded in the format as an evidence base for future development. A companion article (Part I) describes the results of the benchmark related to IFC, the counterpart of CityGML within building information modeling.
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| 4. |
- Noardo, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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Reference study of IFC software support : The GeoBIM benchmark 2019—Part I
- 2021
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Ingår i: Transactions in GIS. - : Wiley. - 1361-1682 .- 1467-9671. ; 25:2, s. 805-841
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), the buildingSMART open standard for BIM, is underused with respect to its promising potential, since, according to the experience of practitioners and researchers working with BIM, issues in the standard’s implementation and use prevent its effective use. Nevertheless, a systematic investigation of these issues has never been carried out, and there is thus insufficient evidence for tackling the problems. The GeoBIM benchmark project is aimed at finding such evidence by involving external volunteers, reporting on various aspects of the behavior of tools (geometry, semantics, georeferencing, functionalities), analyzed and described in this article. Interestingly, different IFC software programs with the same standardized data sets yield inconsistent results, with few detectable common patterns, and significant issues are found in their support of the standard, probably due to the very high complexity of the standard data model. A companion article (Part II) describes the results of the benchmark related to CityGML, the counterpart of IFC within geoinformation.
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| 5. |
- Noardo, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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Tools for BIM-GIS Integration (IFC Georeferencing and Conversions): Results from the GeoBIM Benchmark 2019
- 2020
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Ingår i: ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. - : MDPI AG. - 2220-9964. ; 9:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration of 3D city models with Building Information Models (BIM), coined as GeoBIM, facilitates improved data support to several applications, e.g., 3D map updates, building permits issuing, detailed city analysis, infrastructure design, context-based building design, to name a few. To solve the integration, several issues need to be tackled and solved, i.e., harmonization of features, interoperability, format conversions, integration of procedures. The GeoBIM benchmark 2019, funded by ISPRS and EuroSDR, evaluated the state of implementation of tools addressing some of those issues. In particular, in the part of the benchmark described in this paper, the application of georeferencing to Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) models and making consistent conversions between 3D city models and BIM are investigated, considering the OGC CityGML and buildingSMART IFC as reference standards. In the benchmark, sample datasets in the two reference standards were provided. External volunteers were asked to describe and test georeferencing procedures for IFC models and conversion tools between CityGML and IFC. From the analysis of the delivered answers and processed datasets, it was possible to notice that while there are tools and procedures available to support georeferencing and data conversion, comprehensive definition of the requirements, clear rules to perform such two tasks, as well as solid technological solutions implementing them, are still lacking in functionalities. Those specific issues can be a sensible starting point for planning the next GeoBIM integration agendas.
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