| 1. |
- Claesson, Kristina, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Relative biological effectiveness of the alpha-particle emitter (211)At for double-strand break induction in human fibroblasts.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Radiation research. - 0033-7587 .- 1938-5404. ; 167:3, s. 312-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to quantify and to determine the distribution of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in human cells irradiated in vitro and to evaluate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of the alpha-particle emitter (211)At for DSB induction. The influence of the irradiation temperature on the induction of DSBs was also investigated. Human fibroblasts were irradiated as intact cells with alpha particles from (211)At, (60)Co gamma rays and X rays. The numbers and distributions of DSBs were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with fragment analysis for separation of DNA fragments in sizes 10 kbp-5.7 Mbp. A non-random distribution was found for DSB induction after irradiation with alpha particles from (211)At, while irradiation with low-LET radiation led to more random distributions. The RBEs for DSB induction were 2.1 and 3.1 for (60)Co gamma rays and X rays as the reference radiation, respectively. In the experiments studying temperature effects, nuclear monolayers were irradiated with (211)At alpha particles or (60)Co gamma rays at 2 degrees C or 37 degrees C and intact cells were irradiated with (211)At alpha particles at the same temperatures. The dose-modifying factor (DMF(temp)) for irradiation of nuclear monolayers at 37 degrees C compared with 2 degrees C was 1.7 for (211)At alpha particles and 1.6 for (60)Co gamma rays. No temperature effect was observed for intact cells irradiated with (211)At. In conclusion, irradiation with alpha particles from (211)At induced two to three times more DSB than gamma rays and X rays.
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| 2. |
- Elmroth, Kerstin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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DNA-incorporated 125I induces more than one double-strand break per decay in mammalian cells.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Radiation research. - 0033-7587 .- 1938-5404. ; 163:4, s. 369-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Auger-electron emitter 125I releases cascades of 20 electrons per decay that deposit a great amount of local energy, and for DNA-incorporated 125I, approximately one DNA double-strand break (DSB) is produced close to the decay site. To investigate the potential of 125I to induce additional DSBs within adjacent chromatin structures in mammalian cells, we applied DNA fragment-size analysis based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of hamster V79-379A cells exposed to DNA-incorporated 125IdU. After accumulation of decays at -70 degrees C in the presence of 10% DMSO, there was a non-random distribution of DNA fragments with an excess of fragments <0.5 Mbp and the measured yield was 1.6 DSBs/decay. However, since these experiments were performed under high scavenging conditions (DMSO) that reduce indirect effects, the yield in cells exposed to 125IdU under physiological conditions would most likely be even higher. In contrast, using a conventional low-resolution assay without measurement of smaller DNA fragments, the yield was close to one DSB/decay. We conclude that a large fraction of the DSBs induced by DNA-incorporated 125I are nonrandomly distributed and that significantly more than one DSB/decay is induced in an intact cell. Thus, in addition to DSBs produced close to the decay site, DSBs may also be induced within neighboring chromatin fibers, releasing smaller DNA fragments that are not detected by conventional DSB assays.
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| 3. |
- Elmroth, Kerstin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of chromatin structure on induction of double-strand breaks in mammalian cells irradiated with DNA-incorporated 125I.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Radiation research. - 0033-7587 .- 1938-5404. ; 168:2, s. 175-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study the induction of double-strand breaks (DSBs) was investigated in Chinese hamster V79-379A cells irradiated with the Auger-electron emitter (125)I incorporated into DNA. The role of chromatin organization was studied by pulse-labeling synchronized cells with (125)IdU before decay accumulation in early or late S phase. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and fragment-size analysis were used to quantify the distribution of DNA fragments in irradiated intact cells and naked DNA as well as in DNA from asynchronously labeled cultures in a different scavenging environment. The results show that in intact cells, after accumulation of decays at -70 degrees C in the presence of 10% DMSO, almost four times more DSBs were induced in late S phase compared with early S phase and the fragment distribution was clearly non-random with an excess of fragments <0.2 Mbp. The DSB yield was 0.6 DSB/cell and decay for cells irradiated in early S phase and 2.3 DSBs/cell and decay for cells irradiated in late S phase. When similar experiments were performed on naked genomic DNA or intact cells irradiated with gamma rays, the difference in yield was not as prominent. These data imply a role of chromatin organization in the induction of DSBs by DNA-incorporated (125)I. In summary, the results presented here suggest that the yield of DSBs as well as the fragment distribution induced by (125)IdU decay may vary significantly depending on the chromatin organization during S phase and the labeling procedure used.
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