| 1. |
- Bragesjö, Fredrik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Continuity or Discontinuity? Scientific Governance in the Pre-History of the 1977 Law of Higher Education and Research in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Minerva. A Review of Science, Learning and Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0026-4695. ; 50:1, s. 65-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to balance two major conceptual tendencies in science policy studies, continuity and discontinuity theory. While the latter argue for fundamental and distinct changes in science policy in the late 20th century, continuity theorists show how changes do occur but not as abrupt and fundamental as discontinuity theorists suggests. As a point of departure, we will elaborate a typology of scientific governance developed by Hagendijk and Irwin (2006) and apply it to new empirical material. This makes possible a contextualization of the governance of science related to the codification of the "third assignment" of the Swedish higher education law of 1977. The law defined the relation between university science and Swedish citizens as a dissemination project, and did so despite that several earlier initiatives actually went well beyond such a narrow conceptualisation. Our material reveals continuous interactive and rival arrangements linking the state, public authorities, the universities and private industrial enterprises. We show how different but coexisting modes of governance of science existed in Sweden during the 20th century, in clear contrast with the picture promoted by discontinuity theorists. A close study of the historical development suggests that there were several periods of layered governance when interactions and dynamics associated with continuity as well as discontinuity theories were prevalent. In addition, we conclude that the typology of governance applied in the present paper is fruitful for carrying out historical analyses of the kind embarked upon in spite of certain methodological shortcomings.
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| 2. |
- Bärmark, Jan, 1943, et al.
(författare)
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Törnebohm och Cassirer
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ernst Cassirer Sällskapets website. ; :23 april 2016, s. 1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Några ord om Ernst Cassirers betydelse för Håkan Törnebohm (1919-2016) som blev professor i vetenskapsteori vid Göteborgs universitet 1963. Det nämns hur Cassirer engagerade sig med 1920- och 30-talens fysik och kunde brygga över mellan Gesiteswissenschaften och naturwissenschaften, samt hur forskare inom humaniora i dag på ett motsvarande sätt utmanas av geovetenskaperna och miljövetenskap i anslutning till begreppet "antropocene". Environmental humaniities är ett nytt tvärvetenskapligt fält som bör uppmärksammas. Jan Bärmark är medförfattare till denna artikel.
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| 3. |
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Changing Trends in Antarctic Research
- 1993
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book gives an update 1993 on the then rapidly changing events surrounding the introduction of an environmental protection regime in Antarctica. The volume stems from an International Symposium in Göteborg, 30 Septembr - October 1, 1991 to mark the 3oth anniversary year of the Antarctic Treaty, with a special concluding chapter based on an evaluation 1991 of the activities of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). The evaluation was commissioned by ICSU and it was led by Professor Rita R. Colwell of the University of Maryland, at the time vice chair of NAS's Polar research Board. Individual chapters are based on conference presentations by Finn Solie (who had been involved in the drafting of the Antarctic treaty), Nigel Bonner (UK), Anders karlqvist (Sweden), Olav Orheim (Norway), James N. Barnes (ASOC), Bruce Davies (Australia), Barry Heywood (BAS, UK), Kent Larsson (Sweden), as well as prepared statements by Riita Mansukoski, Paul-Christian Rieber, Jan H. Stel, and Jarl-Ove Strömberg.
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| 4. |
- Elzinga, Aant, 1937, et al.
(författare)
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Academic Capitalism : Är universitet på väg att bli en marknadsplats
- 1998
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Ingår i: GU Journalen. ; :6/98
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Artikeln refererar ett bidrag till en konferens om forskningens och den högre utbildningens villkor. Aant Elzinga och Lennart Olausson i bidragit informerar bl a om en aktuell bok med titeln Academic Capitalism
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| 5. |
- Elzinga, Aant, 1937
(författare)
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Achievements of the Second International Polar Year
- 2010
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Ingår i: S. Barr & C. Lüdecke (eds.), The History of the International Polar Years (IPYs). From Pole to Pole. - Berlin & Heidelberg : Springer Verlag. - 9783642124020
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The context and conditions of research and monitoring at the time of IPY-2 had changed dramatically compared to those obtaining during IPY-1. In this respect at least six aspects must be considered when it comes to assessing achievements and limitations 1932–1933: (i) geopolitics and economics, (ii) practical benefits and concerns at the time, (iii) the organizational framework of the enterprise, (iv) logistics, including new modes of communication and transportation, (v) new instruments and other tools for research on and monitoring of geophysical phenomena, particularly in the domains of meteorology, geomagnetics and aurorae and (vi) the advent of a new hypothetico-deductive ideal of science that to some extent moderated the force of the older inductivist epistemology that had permeated the activities of IPY-1.
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| 6. |
- Elzinga, Aant, 1937
(författare)
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Alexandra Hofmänner's paper "The African Eve Effect in Science" : Critical commentary
- 2011
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Ingår i: Archaeologies, Journal of the World Congress of Archeology. ; 7:1, s. 3-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a comment on Alexandra Hofmänner's paper that identifies what she calls the "African Eve" effect in science. The term Matthew effect was coined by Robert Merton in 1968 to refer to the situation where those researchers who are privileged to have most resources and are most cited attract more resources and further citations. In 1993 Margaret W. Rossiter introduced the concept of the Matilda effect to analyse a systemic gender skew endemic to the reward system in science. Hofmänner introduces the nótion of an Afrcan Eve effect as an explanatory concept for analysing discursive conventions that in a global perspective project imaginary geographies whereby researchers in non-Western countries are rendered invisible or very low in the hierarchies of existing disciplines. This is not only a matter of a geographical or sociological skew but very much one of social epistemology and associated (philosophical) anthropological categories and dominant methodologies for acquiring data in the field, and transporting it from the peripheries to world centers of calculation and interpretation where "viable" theories are created and published. In making her case she utilises a number of concepts from the field of science and technology studies (STS). The reviewer welcomes the analysis as an interesting re-introduction of philosophical anthropology into science studies, suggesting that further development of the discussion may benefit from linking both to earlier meta-theoretical discussions by Sandra Harding and Donna Haraway, as well as philosophical anthropology as developed in critical theory through the work of Jürgen Habermas and more recently by Andrew Feenberg. At the same time the comment points to a number of weaknesses in the exemplifications used. Among other I challenge the claim that historically a major feature of the Nobel Prize institution and its procedures for recognizing excellence in science was the systematic incorporation of an African Eve effect as it is described by Hofmänner.
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| 7. |
- Elzinga, Aant, 1937
(författare)
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An Evaluation of the Achievements of the First Polar Year
- 2010
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Ingår i: S. Barr & C. Lüdecke (eds.), History of the International Polar Years (IPYs). From Pole to Pole. - Berlin & Heidelberg : Springer Verlag. - 9783642124020
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- First of all it should be noted that the first polar year did not start from scratch. During the 50 years prior to it a lot of polar expeditions with significant research components had already taken place. Differentiation in science together with societal needs of agriculture, commerce and navigation had contributed to the existence of meteorology and magnetic studies as important disciplines. Reporting and plotting weather observations had become systematised and benefited from the development of telegraph services. Systematic observation in the upper part of the northern hemisphere was however lacking, while at the same time it was intimated that weather events in that region might have a bearing on weather variability in Europe and North America. What was new and pioneering with the first international polar year was its dedication to obtaining the first series ever of coordinated synoptic observations at multiple locations in the Arctic. Moreover, it was the first international meteorological experiment in a defined region over a specific period of observation. In addition there were two regular stations set in the far south (see below), plus a meteorological station in Port Stanley,1 while 35 temperate and tropical observatories were also engaged. Magnetic observatories all over the world were involved.
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| 8. |
- Elzinga, Aant, 1937
(författare)
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Andra forskningsvillkor skapade dåtidens nobelpristagare
- 2006
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Ingår i: Teori och praktik. En tidskrift från Malmös högskola. ; :04/2006, s. 34-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vilka förutsättningar krävs för en kreativ forskning som leder fram till Nobelpris. Artikeln är tillkommen i en aktuell debatt efter Folkpartiets utspel i valrörelsen om att odla fram nya nobelpristagare vid svenska universitet i framtiden. Artikeln ger ett kritiskt perspektiv med historiska exempel som visar att utspelet var naiv och att helt andra förutsättningar än de som finns nu vid våra universitet krävs för att Sverige ska ta hem fler Nobelpris i framtiden.
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