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| 2. |
- Emilsson, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Pedagogical challenges in nurse education : a case study focusing on the completion rate in theoretical education at a Swedish University
- 2014
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In: Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training. - : Springer. - 1877-6337 .- 1877-6345. ; 6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The purpose of this survey was to relate completion rate and results on national clinical final examinations to student’s admission background and examination results for nursing and medical courses.Methods: The research data were based on a quantitative case study, with 286 nursing students, using statistical analysis.Results: The programme's overall completion rate was 76%, i.e. almost one out of four students did not complete the programme. The higher students' upper secondary/high school grades, the fewer attempts they needed to pass the nursing and medical courses exams (p<0.001). The average examination attempts needed to pass courses in medical science was significantly greater than the number needed to pass courses in nursing science (p<0.001). In a multivariate analysis both upper secondary/high school grades and average examination attempts needed to pass were significant predictors for national clinical final examination score.Conclusion: In sum, upper secondary/high school grades and examination attempts needed, especially for courses in medical science, may be regarded as important indicators of achieved knowledge and skills which are tested in the national final examination.
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| 3. |
- Axelsson, Malin, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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Personality, adherence, asthma control and health-related quality of life in young adult asthmatics
- 2009
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In: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 103:7, s. 1033-1040
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundStriving for improved adherence and asthma control is of vital concern in today's asthma management. Several influential factors have been identified, but the importance of personality traits has been insufficiently explored. The aim was first to determine whether personality traits in young adult asthmatics are related to asthma control and health-related quality of life (HRQL), and second to examine the influences of personality traits on adherence to regular asthma medication treatment.MethodsYoung adult asthmatics, 22 years of age (n = 268) completed questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed.ResultsThe personality traits Negative Affectivity and Impulsivity correlated negatively with asthma control, whereas in women Hedonic Capacity correlated positively with asthma control. Negative Affectivity, Impulsivity, Hedonic Capacity, Alexithymia and asthma control predicted the mental dimension of HRQL. Asthma control and physical activity predicted the physical dimension of HRQL. Among respondents with regular asthma medication (n = 109), Impulsivity correlated negatively with adherence. In men, Antagonism and Alexithymia were associated with low adherence. Additionally, Alexithymia, Hedonic Capacity and Negative Affectivity showed non-linear relationships with adherence, meaning that initially increased scores on these personality traits scales were associated with increased adherence but higher scores did not increase adherence. Respondents who were prescribed a single inhaler combining ICS and LABA reported higher adherence than those with monotherapies.ConclusionThese data suggest that personality can influence how asthma patients adhere to asthma medication treatment, and report their control and HRQL. Tools determining personality traits may be useful in the future in individualizing management of asthma patients.
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| 4. |
- Emilsson, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- 2016
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In: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; , s. 1-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Adherence to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment is important because, when untreated, it may have serious consequences with lifelong effects. In the case of adolescents on long-term medicine prescription, more knowledge is needed regarding adherence and factors influencing adherence, which was the purpose of this study. Adolescents (n = 101) on ADHD medication ≥6 months were administrated questionnaires at amonitoring appointment: Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS), beliefs about medicines (BMQ) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ). Adherencewas high, the mean value was 88% of the maximum MARS score, and correlated positively with the "BMQ necessity-concerns differential" but negatively with "BMQ concerns"and "BMQ-side effects". Adolescents with more belief in the necessity of the medication, less concerns and less experience of side effects tended to be more adherent to medication prescription ("intentional non-adherence"),while "unintentional non-adherence" (forgetfulness) was associated with how much they perceived that their ADHD affected their lives. In a multiple regression model, the variance of MARS total (R2 = 0.21) and “intentional nonadherence” (R2 = 0.24) was explained by the “BMQ-necessity–concern differential” and “BMQ-experienced side effects”. The variance of “unintentional non-adherence” (R2 = 0.12) was explained by the “BMQ-necessity–concern differential” and “B-IPQ-consequences of ADHD”. In conclusion, adolescents on long-term medication reported good adherence, mainly influenced by more beliefs in the necessity versus concerns of the medications, less experienced side effects and more perceived consequences of ADHD. BMQ could be useful to identify risks of low adherence, which should be counteracted by partially gender-specific interventions.
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| 5. |
- Emilsson, Maria, 1966-
(author)
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Betydelsen av personlighet och uppfattning om läkemedel för följsamhet till astmamedicinering
- 2010
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- En okontrollerad astma kan leda till komplikationer i lungor och luftvägar. Astma kan kontrolleras med läkemedelsbehandling men fullständig astmakontroll uppnås inte alltid. Den vanligaste orsaken till att astmakontrollen inte uppnås är brister i följsamheten till astmamedicinering. Syfte: 1) Att undersöka om personlighetsdrag hos unga vuxna med astma var relaterad till astmakon-troll och hälsorelaterad livskvalitet, samt belysa samband mellan personlighetsdrag och följsamhet till regelbunden a... merstmamedicinering. 2) Att belysa samband mellan personlighetsdrag, uppfattning om läkemedel och följsamhet till astmamedicinering. Material och metod: I Studie I ingick 268 individer (165 kvinnor och 103 män) i åldern 22 år (±1år). I Studie II ingick 35 patienter (25 kvinnor och 10 män) med en medelålder av 52.8 år. I studierna an-vändes frågeformulär för att samla in data om personlighet, följsamhet, astmakontroll, hälsorelaterad livskvalitet och uppfattning om läkemedel. Resultat: Personlighet hade samband med följsamhet till astmamedicinering, uppfattningar om läke-medel, astmakontroll och hälsorelaterad livskvalitet. I Studie I framkom att de som skattade sig mer impulsiva rapporterade lägre följsamhet. Ett negativt samband fanns mellan höga värden i personlig-hetsdraget alexitymi (bristande intresse att förstå och prata om känslor) och följsamhet till astmamedi-cinering hos unga vuxna män. Likaledes framkom ett negativt samband mellan personlighetsdraget antagonism och följsamhet hos unga vuxna män. Hos båda könen var personlighetsdraget negativ af-fektivitet relaterat till dåligt kontrollerad astma. Det indikerades att personlighet kan påverka den men-tala hälsan hos både unga kvinnor och män, medan den fysiska hälsan hade samband med astmakon-troll och fysisk aktivitet. I Studie II framkom att fyra av fem personlighetsdrag hade samband i olika riktningar med uppfattningar om läkemedel. Högt värde i Specefikt-nödvändighetsskalan (uppfattning om nödvändigheten av förskrivna läkemedel) var relaterat till hög grad av följsamhet. Personlighets-draget målmedvetenhet var relaterat till hög följsamhet hos män. Känslomässig instabilitet hade sam-band med lägre värden i följsamhet också hos män. Konklusion: Kunskapen om personlighetens betydelse behöver fördjupas, men uppsatsens resultat indikerar behovet av att identifiera individuella skillnader i personlighet för att öka patienternas följ-samhetsbeteende, stärka deras uppfattning om nödvändigheten av läkemedelsbehandling och minska deras oro för läkemedelsbehandling, vilket har betydelse för både astmakontroll och hälsorelaterad livskvalitet.
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| 6. |
- Emilsson, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Experiences of using surveillance cameras as a monitoring solution at nursing homes : The eldercare personnel's perspectives.
- 2023
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In: BMC Health Services Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6963. ; 23:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: As the number of older people increases, so does the need for care. However, the workforce in eldercare cannot increase at the rate required to match the needs. Welfare technologies, such as surveillance cameras, can replace physical visits and be used at night to monitor older people in order to keep them safe, while not disturbing their sleep. The aim of the paper is to analyze obstacles and opportunities associated with implementation and use of surveillance cameras at nursing homes from the perspectives of the practitioners who use the technology, their working environment and the conditions of the older people with cognitive impairment who live in nursing homes.METHODS: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with the eldercare personnel at nursing homes to understand their experiences of implementation and use of surveillance cameras. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) was used as a guidance tool.RESULTS: The results show that the eldercare personnel experienced lack of adequate information, education and support related to using surveillance cameras. Several benefits are highlighted, such as better working environment and that the residents were not unnecessarily disturbed at night. However, the results also show that it is important to clarify that surveillance cameras cannot replace the human presence.CONCLUSIONS: The conclusions from this study are the importance of prerequisites for implementation, and that using surveillance cameras contributed to improvements in the working environment at night and created possibilities to maintain security and integrity for older people living in nursing homes.
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| 7. |
- Emilsson, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Impact of personality on adherence to and beliefs about ADHD medication, and perceptions of ADHD in adolescents
- 2020
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In: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-244X. ; 20:1, s. 1-10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Adherence to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication can prevent serious consequences, possibly with lifelong effects. Numerous factors have been observed that influence adherent behaviour, but the impact of personality traits has been inadequately explored. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between personality traits and adherence to ADHD medication, beliefs about the medication, and perceptions of ADHD. Method Adolescents (n = 99) on ADHD medication were administered: Health-Relevant Personality Traits Five-Factor Inventory, Medication Adherence Report Scale, Beliefs about Medicines Specific and Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaires. Results The personality trait Antagonism correlated with adherence behaviour (r = - 0.198, p = 0.005) and perceived personal control of ADHD (r = - 0.269, p = 0.007). Negative Affectivity correlated with beliefs regarding necessity (r = 0.319, p = 0.001), concerns (r = 0.344, p = 0.001), and experienced side effects of medication (r = 0.495, p = 0.001), alongside perceptions regarding duration (r = 0.272, p = 0.007), identity (r = 0.388, p < 0.001), being emotionally affected (r = 0.374, p < 0.01), personal control (r = - 0.287, p = 0.004) and concerns about ADHD (r = 0.465, p < 0.001). Impulsivity correlated with perceived consequences (r = - 0.226, p = 0.0255) and personal control of ADHD (r = - 0.379, p < 0.001). Hedonic Capacity correlated with concerns about medication (r = - 0.218, p = 0.0316) and perceived identification with ADHD (r = - 0.203, p = 0.045). Conclusion Personality traits are related to adherence, beliefs about ADHD medicines and perceptions of ADHD. Antagonism is associated with adherence, especially intentional non-adherence, while Negative Affectivity correlates with numerous perceptions of ADHD and beliefs about medications. Personality assessments could be useful in the care and treatment of adolescents with ADHD.
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| 8. |
- Emilsson, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Reliability and validation of Swedish translation of Beliefs about Medication Specific (BMQ-Specific) and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) for use in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
- 2020
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In: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 4:2, s. 89-95
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of Swedish translations of the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire-Specific (BMQ-Specific) and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) for use in adolescents with ADHD. Methods: Forward and backward translations of the BMQ-Specific and B-IPQ scales to Swedish were conducted and reviewed by adolescents with ADHD and professionals. The validity and reliability of both questionnaires were investigated in a cross-sectional study of 101 adolescents (13-17 years) on a long-term prescription of ADHD medication recruited from two child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinics in Sweden. Results: Regarding the BMQ-Specific, principal component analysis (PCA) loadings confirmed the previously defined components of Specific-Necessity and Specific-Concern. The PCA for B-IPQ revealed two components, the first one, B-IPQ Consequences, captured questions regarding perceptions of the implication of having ADHD (items 1, 2, 5, 6 and 8) and the second one, B-IPQ-Control, the perceptions of the capability to manage the ADHD disorder (items 3, 4 and 7). The Cronbach alpha coefficients for BMQ-Specific-Necessity scale was α = 0.80, for BMQ-Specific-Concern scale α = 0.75, B-IPQ Consequences α = 0.74 and for B-IPQ-Control α = 0.44. Conclusions: The present results prove the Swedish translation of BMQ-Specific and B-IPQ to be valid and reliable for utilization in adolescents with ADHD. The PCA confirmed the original components for BMQ-Specific and the recent findings of two main B-IPQ components describing emotional and cognitive implications versus the capability for self-care maintenance of ADHD.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Emilsson, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Sustainable Innovations in Small Enterprises for the Transformation of the Primary Healthcare Sector
- 2020
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In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 12:16, s. 1-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Small enterprises face multiple and complex challenges when developing digital technologies. The aim of this article is to explore the role of sustainable innovation in small enterprises in relation to the ongoing transformation of the primary healthcare sector. The purpose is to gain understanding of innovation processes within the framework of sustainable development, applied to a local primary healthcare center. Data were collected through seven semi-structured interviews. A qualitative thematic analysis was conducted. Five themes appeared in relation to the ongoing transformation of the primary healthcare sector: (1) The process of sustainable innovation in a long-term perspective; (2) the companies’ views on innovations in healthcare; (3) effects of innovations in healthcare; (4) sustainable product or service development, and (5) the role of collaboration in the innovation process. The companies expressed a positive attitude to new innovations, as a natural part of developing the companies. The article concludes that incremental development of tools in small businesses supports the transformation of processes and services in the primary healthcare sector. Cross-disciplinary teams in collaboration facilitates the necessary learning and the required creation and sharing of knowledge.
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