| 1. |
- Endl, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Drawing lessons from mineral and land use policy in Europe: Crossing policy streams or getting stuck in silos?
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Extractive Industries and Society. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 2214-790X .- 2214-7918. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While mineral resource extraction is a contested land-use under increased societal scrutiny, it is tremendously important for clean energy transition and societal economic development. Despite increased demand, access to mineral resources is, however, subject to different stakeholder interests often reflected in competing forms of land-use and institutional complexity of two policy streams of minerals and land use planning. During the last decade public policy responses in Europe introduced new instruments such as protection of minerals deposits or valorisation schemes for minerals development, both aiming to link or integrate these two policy streams. While policy studies focus on the mineral and geological background, they lack the contextualisation in the broader (land-) policy and governance discourse. This article closes this gap and contributes to the interface between mineral resources, land policy and spatial planning. It provides insights into 1) what policy instruments are assembled to policy mixes for integrating minerals and land use planning policy, and (ii) in how far these instruments are fit for purpose in the respective land-use planning system. In our analysis we portray the diversity of policy instruments to better integrate policy domains of mineral and LUP, but are only deployed in a 13 European countries. The instruments are assembled to policy mixes combining regulatory, strategies and guidelines, as well as information-based or voluntary instruments with horizontal policy integration representing on average high degrees of integration compared to vertical integration. Considering diversity of European planning systems and different context of mineral resource challenges, we conclude that it is the "contextual match" of what (instruments) works where (land use planning system) that matters. In our research we clearly indicate this contextual match on two levels: First a planning system and decision-making match for vertical integration, and, second, a policy cycle match for horizontal integration, where minerals or LUP topics/issues, respectively, are considered in preparation or design stage of land-use plans, zoning documents or mineral planning documents. For policy decision-makers the array of identified instruments provides solutions fitting to different socio-spatial contexts of mineral and Land use planning policy as well as different planning systems.
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| 2. |
- Gugerell, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Regional implementation of a novel policy approach : The role of minerals safeguarding in land-use planning policy in Austria
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Extractive Industries and Society. - : Elsevier. - 2214-790X .- 2214-7918. ; 7:1, s. 87-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sustainable supply of raw materials to an expanding global population and rising consumption requires novel governance approaches. Such approaches have recently come to include the topic of ‘minerals safeguarding’. In Austria, the objective of minerals safeguarding has translated into an internationally recognised policy instrument, the Austrian Raw Materials Plan. Our paper investigates how the novel policy approach of safeguarding is translated into provincial and regional land use planning policy in Austria. Following a comparative approach of nine Austrian provinces via document analysis and interviews with policy makers, the analysis indicates diverse forms of implementation: We identify different degrees of uptake and implementation in land use planning policy across goals, instruments and mechanisms. Given the limited amount of research about safeguarding, this paper contributes to a broader understanding of safeguarding practices in public policy (goals, process and instruments), offers insights of’ strong, mixed, and soft’ safeguarding approaches, and provides input for a conceptual model of safeguarding. Our study highlights the importance of political agenda setting for the deployment of land use planning instruments, the need for coordination and communication (between and amongst different levels of government) in the policy process, and a need to assess effectiveness of safeguarding policies.
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| 3. |
- Vrkljan, Darko, et al.
(författare)
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Innovative processing : Final report including guidelines and recommendations for future policy development for innovation in mineral and metallurgical processing
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ObjectivesThe aim of WP4 “Innovative Processing” is to elaborate how innovations in mineral and metallurgical processing are generated or taken up in different EU Member States and on EU‐level and how this is either facilitated or inhibited by policies and legislation on national or European level. The purpose oft he deliverable 4.3 is to complement the findings of D4.1 and D4.2 by carrying out additional interviews with representatives from different stakeholder groups (academia, industry, NGO’s and policymakers). The topics and questions of the questionnaire addressed the respondents’ perception of national and EU‐ and EU MS level mineral policies, gaps and needs with respect to innovation in mineral‐ and metallurgical processing. Questions for the questionnaire focus on previously identified innovations in mineral processing, metallurgical processing and metal recycling. Based on the input both from previous deliverables and from findings through the additional interviews and innovation cases, an analysis of needs and gaps as well as a SWOT analysis has been conducted. Recommendations for future development of mineral and metallurgical processing sector were evaluated.Main FindingsConclusions and recommendations for future policy development for innovation in mineral and metallurgical processing were developed based on a survey and a SWOT analysis.Most of the mineral policies are addressing the entire mineral value chain. Several statutory provisions are related to mineral and metallurgical processing. National mineral policies are not very much addressing the mineral and metallurgical processing, while recycling is dislocated from mining/mineral legislation.The sentiment amongst policy makers towards the raw materials industry has improved on EU level through a number of strategic policy initiatives (e.g. the Strategic Implementation Plan for Raw materials, the revised EU Industrial Policy Strategy, the Raw Materials Initiative).The use of raw materials from secondary sources has been identified as being an integral part of the life cycle of materials.Innovations in mineral and metallurgical processing are not supported at strategic and economic/investment level. The policy is neutral or inhibiting through long and uncertain permitting procedure, or is indifferent to innovation as to mineral and metallurgical processing.The European knowledge and skills base in mineral and metallurgical processing has diminished during the past 20 years.
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