| 1. |
- Beskow, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Recognizing and Modelling Regional Varieties of Swedish
- 2008
-
Ingår i: INTERSPEECH 2008. - 9781615673780 ; , s. 512-515
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our recent work within the research project SIMULEKT (Simulating Intonational Varieties of Swedish) includes two approaches. The first involves a pilot perception test, used for detecting tendencies in human clustering of Swedish dialects. 30 Swedish listeners were asked to identify the geographical origin of Swedish native speakers by clicking on a map of Sweden. Results indicate for example that listeners from the south of Sweden are better at recognizing some major Swedish dialects than listeners from the central part of Sweden, which includes the capital area. The second approach concerns a method for modelling intonation using the newly developed SWING (Swedish INtonation Generator) tool, where annotated speech samples are resynthesized with rule based intonation and audiovisually analysed with regards to the major intonational varieties of Swedish. We consider both approaches important in our aim to test and further develop the Swedish prosody model.
|
|
| 2. |
- Enflo, Laura, 1980-
(författare)
-
Alternative Measures of Phonation: Collision Threshold Pressure and Electroglottographic Spectral Tilt : Extra: Perception of Swedish Accents
- 2010
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The collision threshold pressure (CTP), i.e. the smallest amount of subglottal pressure needed for vocal fold collision, has been explored as a possible complement or alternative to the now commonly used phonation threshold pressure (PTP), i.e. the smallest amount of subglottal pressure needed to initiate and sustain vocal fold oscillation. In addition, the effects of vocal warm-up (Paper 1) and vocal loading (Paper 2) on the CTP and the PTP have been investigated. Results confirm previous findings that PTP increases with an increase in fundamental frequency (F0) of phonation and this is true also for CTP, which on average is about 4 cm H2O higher than the PTP. Statistically significant increases of the CTP and PTP after vocal loading were confirmed and after the vocal warm-up, the threshold pressures were generally lowered although these results were significant only for the females. The vocal loading effect was minor for the two singer subjects who participated in the experiment of Paper 2. In Paper 3, the now commonly used audio spectral tilt (AST) is measured on the vowels of a large database (5277 sentences) containing speech of one male Swedish actor. Moreover, the new measure electroglottographic spectral tilt (EST) is calculated from the derivatives of the electroglottographic signals (DEGG) of the same database. Both AST and EST were checked for vowel dependency and the results show that while AST is vowel dependent, EST is not. Paper 4 reports the findings from a perception experiment on Swedish accents performed on 47 Swedish native speakers from the three main parts of Sweden. Speech consisting of one sentence chosen for its prosodically interesting properties and spoken by 72 speakers was played in headphones. The subjects would then try to locate the origin of every speaker on a map of Sweden. Results showed for example that the accents of the capital of Sweden (Stockholm), Gotland and southern Sweden were the ones placed correctly to the highest degree.
|
|
| 3. |
- Enflo, Laura, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Collision Threshold Pressure Before and After Vocal Loading
- 2009
-
Ingår i: INTERSPEECH 2009. - 9781615676927 ; , s. 764-767
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The phonation threshold pressure (PIP) has been found to increase during vocal fatigue. In the present study we compare PTP and collision threshold pressure (CTP) before and after vocal loading in singer and non-singer voices. Seven subjects repeated the vowel sequence /a,c,i,o,u/ at an SPL of at least 80 dB @ 0.3 m for 20 min. Before and after this loading the subjects' voices were recorded while they produced a diminuendo repeating the syllable /pa/. Oral pressure during the /p/ occlusion was used as a measure of subglottal pressure. Both CTP and PIP increased significantly after the vocal loading.
|
|
| 4. |
- Enflo, Laura, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of Tube Phonation on Collision and Phonation Threshold Pressures in Mezzo-soprano Voices
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Pan European Voice Conference (PEVOC9).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tube phonation is a voice therapy method widely used in Scandinavia and Germany. Invented by Sovijärvi (1965 & 1969) in the sixties, it is now used to treat several kinds of voice pathologies but also to solve passaggio and speech problems among singers. The subject phonates into a 26-28 cm long tube, typically made of glass, with the other end placed a few cm under water in a bowl. The resulting bubbling causes a modulation of intraoral pressure. Tube phonation is supposed to contribute to the development of appropriate combinations of air flow and subglottal pressure needed for a healthy voice control and/or vocal skill. The present study is part of a project aiming at exploring the potentials of the collision threshold pressure (CTP) (Enflo and Sundberg, 2009; Enflo et al., 2009), defined as the lowest subglottal pressure needed for vocal fold collision. This pressure may be a valuable complement to the commonly used phonation threshold pressure (PTP), defined as the lowest subglottal pressure needed to obtain and sustain vocal fold vibration. In the present investigation we analysed the effects of tube phonation on these threshold pressures. Twelve mezzo-sopranos with differing levels of singing training participated in the experiment, six highly advanced classically trained singers with daily singing practise, and six modestly experienced choir singers without daily singing practise. Subglottal pressure, EGG and audio were recorded before and after a tube phonation exercise. The tube phonation induced intraoral pressure modulation amplitude of about five cm H2O. Perceptual effects of the tube phonation in these subjects was assessed by a listening test. On average across singers CTP tended to rise, particularly in the less well trained singers. The listening test indicated that tube phonation was associated with a clearly audible improvement of voice function, at least in the less well-trained singers.
|
|
| 5. |
- Enflo, Laura, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Vocal fold collision threshold pressure: An alternative to phonation threshold pressure?
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 34:4, s. 210-217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phonation threshold pressure (PTP), frequently used for characterizing vocal fold properties, is often difficult to measure. This investigation analyses the lowest pressure initiating vocal fold collision (CTP). Microphone, electroglottograph (EGG), and oral pressure signals were recorded, before and after vocal warm-up, in 15 amateur singers, repeating the syllable /pa:/ at several fundamental frequencies with gradually decreasing vocal loudness. Subglottal pressure was estimated from oral pressure during the p-occlusion, using the audio and the EGG amplitudes as criteria for PTP and CTP. The coefficient of variation was mostly lower for CTP than for PTP. Both CTP and PTP tended to be higher before than after the warm-up. The results support the conclusion that CTP is a promising parameter in investigations of vocal fold characteristics.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
