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| 2. |
- Aronsson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effectiveness of mass screening for untreated atrial fibrillation using intermittent ECG recording
- 2015
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Ingår i: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B - Oxford Open Option B - CC-BY. - 1099-5129 .- 1532-2092. ; 17:7, s. 1023-1029
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims The aim of this study was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of 2 weeks of intermittent screening for asymptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) in 75/76-year-old individuals. Methods and results The cost-effectiveness analysis of screening in 75-year-old individuals was based on a lifelong decision analytic Markov model. In this model, 1000 hypothetical individuals, who matched the population of the STROKESTOP study, were simulated. The population was analysed for different parameters such as prevalence, AF status, treatment with oral anticoagulation, stroke risk, utility, and costs. In the base-case scenario, screening of 1000 individuals resulted in 263 fewer patient-years with undetected AF. This implies eight fewer strokes, 11 more life-years, and 12 more quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) per 1000 screened individuals. The screening implies an incremental cost of (sic)50 012, resulting in a cost of (sic)4313 per gained QALY and (sic)6583 per avoided stroke. Conclusions With the use of a decision analytic simulation model, it has been shown that screening for asymptomatic AF in 75/76-year-old individuals is cost-effective.
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| 3. |
- Aronsson, Mattias, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Designing an optimal screening program for unknown atrial fibrillation : a cost-effectiveness analysis.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Europace. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 1099-5129 .- 1532-2092. ; 19:10, s. 1650-1656
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The primary objective of this study was to use computer simulations to suggest an optimal age for initiation of screening for unknown atrial fibrillation and to evaluate if repeated screening will add value.Methods and results: In the absence of relevant clinical studies, this analysis was based on a simulation model. More than two billion different designs of screening programs for unknown atrial fibrillation were simulated and analysed. Data from the published scientific literature and registries were used to construct the model and estimate lifelong effects and costs. Costs and effects generated by 2 147 483 648 different screening designs were calculated and compared. Program designs that implied worse clinical outcome and were less cost-effective compared to other programs were excluded from the analysis. Seven program designs were identified, and considered to be cost effective depending on what the health-care decision makers are ready to pay for gaining a quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). Screening at the age of 75 implied the lowest cost per gained QALY (€4 800/QALY).Conclusion: In conclusion, examining the results of more than two billion simulated screening program designs for unknown atrial fibrillation, seven designs were deemed cost-effective depending on how much we are prepared to pay for gaining QALYs. Our results showed that repeated screening for atrial fibrillation implied additional health benefits to a reasonable cost compared to one-off screening.
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| 4. |
- Bratu, Cristina, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Spillover effects of stricter immigration policies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Public Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0047-2727 .- 1879-2316. ; 190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We provide evidence for the existence of spillover effects of national immigration policies by estimating the effect of stricter family reunification rules in Denmark on migration behavior. We reach three main conclusions. Using Danish register data, we first show that stricter rules for reunification led to a clear and significant increase in emigration of Danish citizens with immigrant background. Most of the emigrants left Denmark for Sweden, a neighboring country in which reunification was possible. Next, using Swedish register data, we find that affected individuals emigrating to Sweden actually came for family formation purposes. Finally, we demonstrate that not all individuals that came to Sweden to reunite with a partner stayed in the country; of those leaving, return migration to Denmark was most common. Our results indicate that potential spillover effects from national migration policies should be taken into account when forming migration policy. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Engdahl, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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An approach to optimization the coil and magnetic circuit of magnetostrictive actuators
- 2006
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Ingår i: 2nd IC-SCCE.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When designing a magnetostrictive actuator with bias permanent magnets one important problem is the dimensioning of the ingoing parts in order to achieve the required power output while keeping the losses as low as possible i.e. to maximize the electromechanical efficiency. It is also of interest to use the permanent magnets efficiently. This paper presents a technique which includes FE-methods of estimating the fringing fields in the vicinity of magnetostrictive actuators. A reasonable accurately estimation of the fringing field is an important issue when dimensioning the permanent magnets and the magnetic flux path of a magnetostrictive actuator. Furthermore, we desccribe a technique to determine the coil geometry, taking into account the leakage flux in the coil, for minimum resistive losses and sufficient magnetization of the active material.
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| 6. |
- Engdahl, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Key numbers in design of magnetostrictive actuators and generators
- 2006
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Ingår i: Actuator 2006. ; , s. 774-777
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to compare and judge magnetostrictive actuator designs with different design parameters a number of novel figures-of-merit are presented. The use of the suggested key numbers is demonstrated regarding the assessment of three different bias magnetization approaches. The features of a magnetostrictive power harvesting device, a so called VIBEL (VIBrational ELectric energy), are studied by means of the suggested key numbers. A VIBEL is built up like a magnetostrictive actuator, but converts a mechanical force excitation into electrical power.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Engdahl, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Early Labor Market Prospects and Family Formation
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Journal of human resources. - : University of Wisconsin Press. - 0022-166X .- 1548-8004. ; 58:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using quasi-random variation in graduation years of Swedish vocational high-school females at the sudden onset of a deep national recession, we study how deteriorated early labor-market prospects affected economic and family outcomes during the following decades. Labor-market consequences were severe but not permanent. In contrast, family outcomes were permanently altered, in particular for low-GPA women. These women married and had children earlier, and they partnered with lower-performing spouses. Divorce and single-motherhood rates rose, and welfare-claims remained elevated for decades. This suggests that temporary shocks to female labor market prospects can propagate into long-run poverty through endogenous adjustments of marriage-quality thresholds.
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| 10. |
- Engdahl, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Förlorad tid eller förberedelser för integration?
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vi studerar om handläggningstiden för asylärenden påverkar integration och hälsa. Den empiriska analysen bygger på registerdata och utnyttjar en snabb ökning av handläggningstider för asylsökande till Sverige under 2014. Vi finner att längre väntan innan uppehållstillstånd bromsar integrationsprocessen. Arbetsinkomsterna under de första fyra åren efter ansökan är 2,3 procent lägre per extra handläggningsmånad. Effekten tycks bero på förseningar snarare än negativa effekter av väntan i sig. De som väntar längre kommer igång senare med centrala etableringsinsatser och har kommit kortare i integrationsprocessen. Vi hittar inga tecken på att handläggningstiden påverkar asylsökandes hälsa negativt. Bland personer som haft uppehållstillstånd lika länge vid mättidpunkten presterar de som väntat längre bättre på arbetsmarknaden och tar del av mer avancerad språkutbildning och arbetsnära insatser som subventionerade anställningar. Detta pekar på att delar av integrationsprocessen inleds redan innan uppehållstillstånd beviljas.
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