| 1. |
- Erdtman, Emil, et al.
(författare)
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Between consultation and partnership : participation styles in Swedish urban revitalization processes involving disabled people
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Design. - 1357-4809.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inclusive urban design relies on the participation of disabled persons. This study examines how the involvement of this group is perceived and managed in three revitalization initiatives applying current legal and moral requirements, e.g. ‘universal design’. Qualitative content analysis was conducted on go-along interviews and participant observation in projects related to public places and buildings in three Swedish cities. Two participation styles were developed: Consultation and Partnership. Officials were focused on Consultation while disability organizations desired Partnership. There were overlapping styles in terms of organization, identification, and internal tensions, leading to misunderstandings about collaboration, participants’ legitimacy, and opportunities for influence.
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| 2. |
- Erdtman, Emil
(författare)
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Co-creating urban development : local Swedish projects guided by Universal design
- 2024
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Ingår i: Design for All, India. - 2582-8304. ; 19:6, s. 52-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter summarizes my doctoral thesis about Universal Design (UD) in Sweden, contributing knowledge about the understanding, implementation, and co-creation of UD. The implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Sweden made UD a guiding principle, necessitating research about the practical side of UD. Using qualitative research methods, interviews and group discussions were conducted and participant observation was made in three urban development projects. The understanding of UD was multifaceted: an ethical principle for inclusion of diversity, a vision of an inclusive society, and a unifying of policy perspectives. Participants emphasized flexibility, predictability, and personalized support. UD was linked to accessibility and thus became part of a rationalistic planning model with accessibility as a separate and target group-oriented interest with a focus on regulatory compliance. I conceptualized accessibility as place: planning and control in the present - and UD as space: future possibilities for innovation. When contextualized locally, UD practice will exhibit diverse expressions. Collaboration between municipalities and local disability organizations was formal and established. Different conditions and expectations created tensions about roles and interpretation of disability experience: as information to facilitate processes or part of negotiations to influence outcomes. However, there were conditions for co-creation.
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| 3. |
- Erdtman, Emil, et al.
(författare)
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Let’s move beyond word battles and separatism: Strategies and concerns regarding Universal Design in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Equality, Diversity and Inclusion. - 2040-7149. ; 41:9, s. 15-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – Universal design (UD) is defined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) and adopted in Sweden as a guiding principle for the design of new products, facilities, services, etc. This study aims to contribute to knowledge about UD in practice – how it is conceived,experienced and discussed in Sweden, especially regarding education, working life and housing.Design/methodology/approach – A group interview and a workshop (immersion into personas and scenarios) with 14 practitioners of inclusion and accessibility from academia, civil society, business and the public sector were analyzed with qualitative content analysis.Findings – The participating practitioners related UD to a cluster of terms for inclusion and wanted to communicate the reason for UD rather than battling about words. Flexibility was considered openness to the diversity of human conditions and situations combined with individualization capacity including assistance. Short-term demands for access and compliance to minimum standards must be balanced with long-term learning processes. Evaluation, relation-building and dialogs must update and contextualize UD, for example, in relation to categorization.Originality/value – This study yields an in-depth picture of how the practice of UD is conceived, experienced and discussed among Swedish practitioners of inclusion and accessibility. It elucidates dissonances between experiences and ideals, standardized and flexible design, and the interests of users and institutions. It enhances knowledge of tHe dilemmas in inclusive and diversity-based practices, as well as the implementation and promotion of UD,
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| 4. |
- Erdtman, Emil
(författare)
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Mellan princip och praktik : Samtal om hur universell utformning förstås och praktiseras i Sverige
- 2021. - 1
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Universell utformning (härefter UD efter engelskans Universal Design) handlar omdesign som inkluderar alla människor, inklusive personer medfunktionsnedsättningar. UD finns med som en förpliktelse i FN:s konvention omrättigheter för personer med funktionsnedsättning. Det innebär att UD ingår ipolicyer för många samhällsområden som ett politiskt åtagande för nya produkter och miljöer, men också program och tjänster.Denna licentiatuppsats bygger på två vetenskapliga artiklar som syftar till att belysa hur UD förstås och vilka erfarenheter som finns av att praktisera UD i Sverige. Professionella och aktivister från akademi, näringsliv, offentlig sektor ochcivilsamhälle deltog i individuella intervjuer, en gruppintervju och en workshop. Det transkriberade materialet analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys.Pragmatism och framför allt dess semiotiska gren användes för att analysera hurbegrepp förhåller sig till olika betydelser och företeelser de betecknar.Resultaten uppvisade en variation i hur deltagarna förstod och praktiserade UD.Deltagarna talade om UD som vägledande princip för designprocesser, som strävande mot ett inkluderande samhälle och som förenande av olika policyperspektiv. Det fanns skepsis och kritik men allmänt sågs UD som berikande och som självklart vid en snabb blick men desto svårare att greppa på djupet och realisera i praktiken. Deltagarna hade erfarenheter från arbete med UD inom områdena bostäder, arbetsliv och utbildning. De beskrev en ideal praktik av UD som en beredskap för den mänskliga mångfalden kombinerat med en flexibel design med hänsyn till människors olikheter, ibland med personligt stöd. Begreppet UD användes strategiskt som en del av ett större kluster av relaterade begrepp om tillgänglighet, mångfald, inkludering och hållbarhet. De förespråkade inte fokus på exakt begreppsanvändning utan på övningar, objekt och strategiska frågeställningar för att väcka empati och en förståelse som leder till att fler perspektiv tas med i designprocesser för att användbarheten i slutändan ska förbättras. Det sågs som viktigt att med hjälp av UD motverka segregering och stigmatisering genom att inte kategorisera människor enbart utifrån funktionsnedsättning.Samtalen speglar ett antal dilemman och debatter som jag diskuterar i uppsatsen:inkludering av alla kontra separata lösningar, individuella anpassningar ochspänningen mellan regelefterlevnad och nytänkande när det gäller akutatillgänglighetsproblem och långsiktiga lärandeprocesser. Diskussionen avslutas med reflektioner om hur UD kan ses som ett design- och policykoncept med praktisk inriktning, men också om behovet av att utveckla och kontextualisera UD för att vara relevant i nya sammanhang. Olika sätt att tala om och utföra UD kan komplettera varandra men behöver tydliggöras och förklaras. För att UD som princip om inkludering och mångfald inte ska stanna vid ett symboliskt ideal behövs i varje situation dialoger och samskapande kring nästa handlingssteg.Kunskapen om hur UD uppfattas och praktiseras i Sverige belyser såväl argument och diskussioner som dilemman och möjligheter i relation till UD ochförändringsprocesser för ett samhälle för alla.
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| 5. |
- Erdtman, Emil, et al.
(författare)
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Research initiation based on idea-circles : from research object to co-actor
- 2012
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Ingår i: Disability & Society. - Oxfordshire, United Kingdom : Routledge. - 0968-7599 .- 1360-0508. ; 27:6, s. 879-882
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article details an evaluation of a research project based on participatory research methods organized by the Swedish Disability Federation from 2008 to 2011. In Sweden there has been a lack of productive dialogue with the traditional academic world and the question was raised whether proposals for future research would be different if disabled people formulated them. Nine idea-circles with disabled participants and invited researchers from fields of interest close to the participants produced ideas, developed out of the life experience of being a disabled person. These ideas were developed into 72 research drafts that often reflected key advocacy areas, rather than operationalized research issues. The adjustment from the familiar discourse of political struggle to discussion of research was a complicated process for many. When asked to prioritize among areas for research, the representatives from the disability movement chose areas that are not stressed in mainstream disability research in Sweden.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Erdtman, Emil
(författare)
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Universell utformning i praktiken : förståelse, genomförande och samskapande
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The thesis is a compilation of four articles and deals with Universal design in practice. This concept for designing for all is according to the Swedish Parliament and Government a guiding principle for the society. It is part of the implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The thesis contributes with knowledge about the understanding, implementation and co-creation of Universal design. Using qualitative research methods, interviews and group discussions have been conducted with 55 people with different backgrounds. Participant observation has been made in three Swedish municipalities. Three urban development projects were studied. Universal design was guiding them in different ways. In the analysis, themes were developed through qualitative content analysis.The results show a multifaceted understanding of Universal design: ethical principle for inclusion of diversity, vision of an equal society and unification of policy perspectives. Participants emphasized flexibility, predictability, and personalized support. In the urban development projects, Universal design was linked to accessibility and thus became part of a rationalistic and result-oriented planning model where accessibility is seen as a separate and target group-oriented interest with a focus on regulatory compliance. Collaboration between the municipality and local disability organizations was formal and established. Different conditions and expectations created tensions about roles and interpretation of user perspectives. Users' disability experience was seen as information to facilitate processes or as part of negotiations to influence outcomes. Limiting the target group to people with impairments restricts the room for manoeuvre. But the conditions exist for integrating disability experiences into urban development with situational and co-creative working methods.The thesis shows the need to clarify the concepts of accessibility and Universal design. In order not to lose sight of aspects of creativity and co-creation, a model was developed based on the empirical data. Accessibility is focusedon planning and control in the present and Universal design towards a space of future possibilities for innovation. In implementation, perspectives should complement each other. Local contextualization means that the understanding and practice of Universal design will exhibit a diversity of expressions. The thesis is relevant for research on design, architecture, policy, and disability, but also for practical accessibility work.
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| 8. |
- Müller, Lilian, et al.
(författare)
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Is the city planned and built for me? : citizens’ experiences of inclusion, exclusion and (un)equal living conditions in the built environment
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Accessibility and Design for All. - 2013-7087. ; 14:1, s. 32-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is based on a study where four go-along interviews with a total of sixteen participants were conducted in three Swedish cities. The purpose of this study was to find out how different aspects and qualities of the built environment affected different persons in terms of experiences of inclusion and exclusion and strategies used to deal with obstacles in the environment. The study highlights the citizens' experiences and perceptions of the urban built environment, based on their individual conditions for using it, in relation to the planners' and decision-makers' visions, planning practices and construction. The participants were asked about their views on the necessary conditions for them to visit the city and its places and buildings, what barriers they might experience that either made them change routes or avoid the area completely and what kind of environments they experienced as welcoming and inclusive. The study shows that there is an ongoing multifaceted exclusion of citizens from the built environment. This situation is not in accordance with current building regulations, neither with overall societal goals and ambitions, nor with the international conventions Sweden has undertaken to follow. The study also points to opportunities to change the situation, with the help of knowledge about enablers in the built environment and how Universal Design can become an important planning variable to bring about change.
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| 9. |
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