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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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TREFF-projektet
- 1986
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Rapport (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Trichloroethylene on the human vestibulo-oculomotor system
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 101:3-4, s. 193-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ten healthy volunteers were subjected to a vestibulo-oculomotor test battery before, during and 1 hour after trichloroethylene exposure. The concentration of trichloroethylene in in-spiratory air was 32–78 ppm (176429 mg/m3). The concentration of trichloroethylene in venous blood was followed throughout the experiment. The mean pulmonary uptake was estimated. Each test person was also subjected to a control experiment, breathing air free of trichloroethylene. A decreased ability to visually suppress the vestibulo-oculomotor reflex during sinusoidal stimulation was noticed during trichloroethylene exposure. One hour after exposure the test subjects showed a decreased maximum velocity of the voluntary saccade and a decreased ability to follow a sinusoidally moving target.
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| 5. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Methods for studying the vestibular and optomotor system in rats
- 1986
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Ingår i: Claussen C-F, Kirtane MV, editors. Vertigo, nausea,tinnitus and hearing loss in cardiovasculr disease.: Elsevier SciencePublishers B.V.; 1986. ; , s. 265-268
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of toluene on the vestibulo- and opto-oculomotor system in rats : A computerized nystagmographic study
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 101:5-6, s. 422-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The short-term effect of exposure to toluene on the vestibulo- and opto-oculomotor system in rats was investigated. Stimulation of the vestibulo- and opto-oculomotor system was either a constant rotatory acceleration, a sinusoidal oscillation, a randomized oscillation or an optokinetic stimulation. Eye movements in response to the different stimulations were recorded by EOG and fed into a computer for analysis. Due to toluene exposure the slow phase velocity gain during constant acceleration increased and the post-acceleratory nystagmus response was prolonged. The optokinetic gain at stimulation velocities above 10 deg/sec decreased during toluene exposure. Toluene also prolonged the duration of optokinetic after-and after-afternystagmus. The findings in this study strongly suggest an effect of toluene on the cerebellum.
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| 8. |
- Niklasson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of GABAB activation and inhibition on vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic responses in the pigmented rat
- 1994
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Ingår i: Brain Research. - : Elsevier. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 649:1-2, s. 151-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of the GABAB agonist baclofen and the GABAB antagonist CGP 35348, given separately or simultaneously, on the central vestibular system of pigmented rats have been evaluated. Drugs were administered either intramuscularly or intracerebroventricularly. Eye movements were recorded during vestibular, optokinetic and combined visual-vestibular stimulation. Activation of the GABAB receptors by baclofen caused a dose related disturbance of the system, manifested by (1) a decrease of the optokinetic gain, (2) a reduced ability to suppress nystagmus during conflicting vestibular and visual input, and (3) a disability to maintain the eccentric eye position upon a spontaneous saccade. All these effects could be inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by CGP 35348, suggesting that the findings are specifically related to the GABAB receptor. Given separately, the antagonist did not affect the mentioned parameters. During horizontal acceleratory/deceleratory stimulation in darkness baclofen caused a biphasic pattern in the dose-response curves. Small amounts of baclofen caused an increase of the gain and of the duration of poststimulatory nystagmus, while high doses had a depressive action on the same parameters. The stimulating effect of baclofen could be inhibited or even reversed by CGP 35348, which has a depressive effect per se, similar to the effects of baclofen given in the upper range of doses.
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| 9. |
- Niklasson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of toluene, styrene, trichloroethylene, and trichloroethane on the vestibulo- and opto-oculo motor system in rats
- 1993
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Ingår i: Neurotoxicology and Teratology. - 0892-0362 .- 1872-9738. ; 15:5, s. 327-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The acute effects of inhalation of four solvents on the central vestibular system of rats were analyzed by recording eye movements upon different stimuli. The dose-response relationship was investigated. Optokinetic stimulation was obtained by placing the animals in front of a surrounding visual pattern, moving at different velocities. The slow-phase eye velocity (SPV) of nystagmus was calculated and divided by the stimulus velocity, giving the gain. All the solvents caused a decrease of the gain. Vestibular stimulation was performed on a turntable by an angular acceleration/deceleration in darkness. The SPV and the duration of the post-stimulatory nystagmus were calculated. The shape of the SPV dose-response curves differed among the four solvents. Toluene, styrene, and trichloroethylene prolonged the duration of nystagmus while trichloroethane did not. A conflicting vestibular and optokinetic stimulation was performed by an angular acceleration/deceleration with a surrounding visual pattern moving with the turntable. All solvents decreased the ability to cancel nystagmus, elicited by vestibular stimulation in conflict with a visual input. Quick movements of the eyes, saccades, were elicited by tactile stimulation. Toluene, styrene, and trichloroethylene changed the generation of the saccades while trichloroethane did not. Most of the findings indicate a common site of action in the central vestibular system, viz., the cerebellar-vestibular circuit. However, within this domain, there are evident differences in the effects among the solvents. This finding, together with previous results obtained in other experimental models of the central nervous system (CNS), suggest that different solvents should be considered as individual compounds. While the current results are consistent with the notion that solvents affect cerebellar-vestibular function, they also demonstrate differences on selected components of this system which may be of concern.
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| 10. |
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