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- Hedlund, Hampus, et al.
(författare)
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Single-cell quantification and dose-response of cytosolic siRNA delivery
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Endosomal escape and subsequent cytosolic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics is believed to be highly inefficient. Since it has not been possible to quantify cytosolic amounts of delivered siRNA at therapeutic doses, determining delivery bottlenecks and total efficiency has been difficult. Here, we present a confocal microscopy-based method to quantify cytosolic delivery of fluorescently labeled siRNA during lipid-mediated delivery. This method enables detection and quantification of sub-nanomolar cytosolic siRNA release amounts from individual release events with measures of quantitation confidence for each event. Single-cell kinetics of siRNA-mediated knockdown in cells expressing destabilized eGFP unveiled a dose-response relationship with respect to knockdown induction, depth and duration in the range from several hundred to thousands of cytosolic siRNA molecules. Accurate quantification of cytosolic siRNA, and the establishment of the intracellular dose-response relationships, will aid the development and characterization of novel delivery strategies for nucleic acid therapeutics.
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- Holmström, Hampus, et al.
(författare)
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Energioptimera skogsbruket : fallstudier av potentialen i skogsbränsleanpassningar
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Idag är intresset för skogsbränsle större än vad det varit på många år. Möjligen får man gå tillbaka till förra årtusendets vargavintrar för att finna en motsvarande efterfrågan på skog avsett som bränsle för uppvärmning. Pågående klimatförändringar ställer krav på global nivå att samhällen i allt större utsträckning minskar användningen av fossila bränslen och istället ökar andelen av förnyelsebara energikällor. I Sverige finns högt ställda mål och visionära propositioner kring landets energiförsörjning och hur den på relativt kort tid ska växla över till mer klimatneutrala alternativ. För ett land som Sverige faller det sig naturligt att studera de möjligheter som här ges av våra många skogar. Förutom det uppenbara i att skog kan eldas för att ge värme kan den, nästan lika uppenbart, även användas vid elproduktion. Skogsprodukter används dessutom för framställning av drivmedel i en mängd olika former. Med ett stort intresse och med många pågående forsknings- och utvecklingsprojekt så förefaller skogens potential i ett energisammanhang som mycket stor. Svenskt skogsbruk är dock, av olika anledningar, i stor utsträckning fokuserat på två sortiment; sågtimmer och massaved. I många situationer betraktas skogsbränslesortimentet ännu inte fullt jämställt med de övriga två, utan mer som en restprodukt som eventuellt tillvaratas vid timmer- och massavedsproduktionen. På så sätt etableras merparten av de skogliga produktionsplanerna – avverkningar planeras för att på bästa sätt tillvarata värdet av timret och massaveden. I föreliggande fallstudier undersöks effekter av att anpassa skogsbruket till tre sortiment; timmer, massaved och skogsbränsle, där samtliga betraktas som jämställda och i sammanhanget lika viktiga. Värdet, det pris som respektive sortiment betingar, är förstås inte lika för de tre sortimenten utan enligt en verklig prislista. Fallstudierna genomfördes för tre skogsinnehav i olika delar av landet; för Skellefteå Krafts skogar med tyngdpunkt i norra Västerbottens kustland, för Jämtkrafts skogar kring Östersund och för den produktionsinriktade delen av Göteborgs stadsskogar. Analyserna gjordes med Heureka PlanVis, ett nytt skogligt planeringssystem framtaget av SLU i samarbete med Skogforsk. En välkommen och efterfrågad nytta med Heureka är möjligheterna att anpassa de skogsskötselsystem som simuleras och avses analyseras. Studierna kunde på så sätt baseras på scenarier för dels ett konventionellt trakthyggesbruk, dels ett bränsleanpassat skogsbruk. I bägge fallen är den övergripande målsättningen att nuvärdesmaximera skogsbruket, under ett antal restriktioner (främst för att erhålla realistiska scenarier), emedan bränsleanpassningarna består i ett möjligt ökat uttag av skogsbränsle på ett om möjligt bättre sätt än vid trakthyggesbruket. Att planera för skogsbränsleuttag och anpassa skogsbruket även till skogsbränslet visade sig i föreliggande studie kunna leda till en viss lönsamhetsökning, i genomsnitt med 6 %, samtidigt som skogsbränsleuttaget mer än fördubblades (i genomsnitt med en 158 %-ig ökning). Det bränsleanpassade skogsbruket gav dessutom upphov till ett ökat massavedsuttag, i genomsnitt med 14 %. Detta då bränsleanpassningarna här ledde till en viss lönsamhetsökning vid gallring, som i sin tur ledde till ett något mer gallringsintensivt skogsbruk, i genomsnitt med 1.9 gallringar/omloppstid istället för trakthyggesbrukets 1.3 gallringar/omloppstid. Även omloppstiderna och uttagsvolymerna vid slutavverkning ökade något genom att bränsleanpassa skogsbruket.
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- Brugere, Cecile, et al.
(författare)
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More than fish : Policy coherence and benefit sharing as necessary conditions for equitable aquaculture development
- 2021
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Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-597X .- 1872-9460. ; 123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aquaculture development is part of the Blue Economy narrative and it may offer opportunities for improving the well-being of coastal people and the wider population. However, unlocking its full potential is unlikely to occur through sole focus on increasing production. Using a framework for identifying the people-policy gap in aquaculture as a starting point, we introduce benefit sharing as a necessary and complementary concept to filling this gap, as well as the notion of policy coherence to achieve equitable aquaculture development. We examine these concepts in the context of mariculture development through an analysis of national mariculture policies and plans from a selection of Western Indian Ocean (WIO) countries. Our analysis shows that whilst important building blocks and a common thrust for equitable mariculture development exist at regional level, mechanisms through which the benefits from mariculture development are to reach stakeholders affected directly and indirectly by mariculture operations at national levels are not adequately considered. Lack of policy coherence at national level not only prevents progress towards closing the people-policy gap in mariculture development, but it may also jeopardise how the sector can live up to its expectations in the region. On the basis of these considerations, we extend our reflection to the aquaculture sector as a whole and argue that policy coherence and benefit sharing should become key considerations in the planning and future development of sustainable and equitable aquaculture.
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- Carlsson, Magnus
(författare)
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Methods for Early Model Validation : Applied on Simulation Models of Aircraft Vehicle Systems
- 2013
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Simulation models of physical systems, with or without control software, are widely used in the aeronautic industry in applications ranging from system development to verification and end-user training. With the main drivers of reducing the cost of physical testing and in general enhancing the ability to take early model-based design decisions, there is an ongoing trend of further increasing the portion of modeling and simulation.The work presented in this thesis is focused on development of methodology for model validation, which is a key enabler for successfully reducing the amount of physical testing without compromising safety. Reducing the amount of physical testing is especially interesting in the aeronautic industry, where each physical test commonly represents a significant cost. Besides the cost aspect, it may also be difficult or hazardous to carry out physical testing. Specific to the aeronautic industry are also the relatively long development cycles, implying long periods of uncertainty during product development. In both industry and academia a common viewpoint is that verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification of simulation models are critical activities for a successful deployment of model-based systems engineering. However, quantification of simulation results uncertainty commonly requires a large amount of certain information, and for industrial applications available methods often seem too detailed or tedious to even try. This in total constitutes more than sufficient reason to invest in research on methodology for model validation, with special focus on simplified methods for use in early development phases when system measurement data are scarce.Results from the work include a method supporting early model validation. When sufficient system level measurement data for validation purposes is unavailable, this method provides a means to use knowledge of component level uncertainty for assessment of model top level uncertainty. Also, the common situation of lacking data for characterization of parameter uncertainties is to some degree mitigated. A novel concept has been developed for integrating uncertainty information obtained from component level validation directly into components, enabling assessment of model level uncertainty. In this way, the level of abstraction is raised from uncertainty of component input parameters to uncertainty of component output characteristics. The method is integrated in a Modelica component library for modeling and simulation of aircraft vehicle systems, and is evaluated in both deterministic and probabilistic frameworks using an industrial application example. Results also include an industrial applicable process for model development, validation, and export, and the concept of virtual testing and virtual certification is discussed.
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- Cloete, Nico, et al.
(författare)
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Outroduction. A research agenda on collegiality in university settings
- 2023
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Ingår i: Research in the Sociology of Organizations. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0733-558X. ; , s. 187-211, s. 181-211
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collegiality is the modus operandi of universities. Collegiality is central to academic freedom and scientific quality. In this way, collegiality also contributes to the good functioning of universities’ contribution to society and democracy. In this concluding paper of the special issue on collegiality, we summarize the main findings and takeaways from our collective studies. We summarize the main challenges and contestations to collegiality and to universities, but also document lines of resistance, activation, and maintenance. We depict varieties of collegiality and conclude by emphasizing that future research needs to be based on an appreciation of this variation. We argue that it is essential to incorporate such a variation-sensitive perspective into discussions on academic freedom and scientific quality and highlight themes surfaced by the different studies that remain under-explored in extant literature: institutional trust, field-level studies of collegiality, and collegiality and communication. Finally, we offer some remarks on methodological and theoretical implications of this research and conclude by summarizing our research agenda in a list of themes.
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| 10. |
- Crona, Beatrice, et al.
(författare)
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China at a Crossroads : An Analysis of China's Changing Seafood Production and Consumption
- 2020
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 3:1, s. 32-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- China is a key player in global production, consumption, and trade of seafood. Given this dominance, Chinese choices regarding what seafood to eat, and how and where to source it, are increasingly important—for China, and for the rest of the world. This perspective explores this issue using a transdisciplinary approach and discusses plausible trajectories and implications for assumptions of future modeling efforts and global environmental sustainability and seafood supply. We outline China's 2030 projected domestic seafood production and consumption through an examination of available statistics, and qualitatively evaluate these in relation to key stated Chinese policy targets, consumer trends, and dominant political narratives. Our analysis shows that by 2030 China is likely to see seafood consumption outstrip domestic production. To meet the seafood gap China will likely attempt to increase domestic freshwater and offshore aquaculture, increase seafood imports, possibly expand the distant water fishing industry, and invest in seafood production abroad.
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