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- Backmark, Anna, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Affinity tags can reduce merohedral twinning of membrane protein crystals
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica. Section D: Biological Crystallography. - 1399-0047 .- 0907-4449. ; D64, s. 1183-1186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents a comparison of the crystal packing of three eukaryotic membrane proteins: human aquaporin 1, human aquaporin 5 and a spinach plasma membrane aquaporin. All were purified from expression constructs both with and without affinity tags. With the exception of tagged aquaporin 1, all constructs yielded crystals. Two significant effects of the affinity tags were observed: crystals containing a tag typically diffracted to lower resolution than those from constructs encoding the protein sequence alone and constructs without a tag frequently produced crystals that suffered from merohedral twinning. Twinning is a challenging crystallographic problem that can seriously hinder solution of the structure. Thus, for integral membrane proteins, the addition of an affinity tag may help to disrupt the approximate symmetry of the protein and thereby reduce or avoid merohedral twinning.
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- Eriksson, Elsa M, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Irritable bowel syndrome subtypes differ in body awareness, psychological symptoms and biochemical stress markers
- 2008
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Ingår i: World J Gastroenterol. - : Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.. - 1007-9327. ; 14:31, s. 4889-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To elucidate the differences in somatic, psychological and biochemical pattern between the subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: Eighty IBS patients, 30 diarrhoea predominant (D-IBS), 16 constipation predominant (C-IBS) and 34 alternating IBS (A-IBS) underwent physiotherapeutic examinations for dysfunctions in body movements and awareness and were compared to an apparently healthy control group (AHC). All groups answered questionnaires for gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms. Biochemical variables were analysed in blood. RESULTS: The D-IBS group showed less body awareness, less psychological symptoms, a more normal sense of coherence and psychosocial rating as well as higher C-peptide values. C-IBS had a higher degree of body dysfunction and psychological symptoms, as well as the lowest sense of coherence compared to controls and D-IBS. They also demonstrated the most elevated prolactin levels. A-IBS had the lowest degree of body disturbance, deteriorated quality of life and affected biochemical pattern. All subtypes had higher pain scores compared to controls. In addition they all had significantly increased triglycerides and elevated morning cortisol levels, however, without statistical significance compared with the controls. CONCLUSION: IBS subtypes showed different profiles in body awareness, somatic and psychological symptoms and in biochemical variables. D-IBS differed compared to the other groups by lowered body awareness, less psychological symptoms and a higher sense of coherence and elevated C-peptide values. C-IBS and A-IBS subtypes suffered more from depression and anxiety, associated with a lower quality of life. These differences may be important and will be taken into account in our treatment of these patients.
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| 8. |
- Karasik, D., et al.
(författare)
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Disentangling the genetics of lean mass
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 109:2, s. 276-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Lean body mass (LM) plays an important role in mobility and metabolic function. We previously identified five loci associated with LM adjusted for fat mass in kilograms. Such an adjustment may reduce the power to identify genetic signals having an association with both lean mass and fat mass. Objectives: To determine the impact of different fat mass adjustments on genetic architecture of LM and identify additional LM loci. Methods: We performed genome-wide association analyses for whole-body LM (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, age(2), and height with or without fat mass adjustments (Model 1 no fat adjustment; Model 2 adjustment for fat mass as a percentage of body mass; Model 3 adjustment for fat mass in kilograms). Results: Seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in separate loci, including one novel LM locus (TNRC6B), were successfully replicated in an additional 47,227 individuals from 29 cohorts. Based on the strengths of the associations in Model 1 vs Model 3, we divided the LM loci into those with an effect on both lean mass and fat mass in the same direction and refer to those as "sumo wrestler" loci (FTO and MC4R). In contrast, loci with an impact specifically on LMwere termed "body builder" loci (VCAN and ADAMTSL3). Using existing available genome-wide association study databases, LM increasing alleles of SNPs in sumo wrestler loci were associated with an adverse metabolic profile, whereas LM increasing alleles of SNPs in "body builder" loci were associated with metabolic protection. Conclusions: In conclusion, we identified one novel LM locus (TNRC6B). Our results suggest that a genetically determined increase in lean mass might exert either harmful or protective effects on metabolic traits, depending on its relation to fat mass.
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| 9. |
- Klintö, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-centre comparison of data on surgery and speech outcomes at 5 years of age based on the Swedish quality registry for patients born with cleft palate with or without cleft lip
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Pediatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2431. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The objective of the Swedish cleft lip and palate registry (CLP registry) is to promote quality control, research and improvement of treatment, by the comparison of long-term results. The aim was to compare data from the CLP registry among the six treatment centres, regarding data on surgery and speech outcomes at 5 years of age.METHODS: The participants were 430 children born in Sweden from 2009 to 2014, with cleft palate with or without cleft lip and without known syndromes and/or additional malformations. The number of primary and secondary palatal surgeries up to 5 years of age, timing of the last primary palatal surgery, percentage consonants correct, percentage non-oral speech errors and perceived velopharyngeal competence at 5 years were assessed. Multivariable binary logistic regression adjusted for sex and cleft type was used to compare results between the six centres.RESULTS: At one centre (centre 4), the palate was closed in one to three stages, and at the remaining centres in one or two stages. At centre 4, more children underwent a higher number of palatal surgeries, and the last primary palatal surgery was performed at a higher age. Children in centre 4 were also less likely to achieve ≥86% correct consonants (OR = 0.169, P = < 0.001), have no non-oral speech errors (OR = 0.347, P = < 0.001), or have competent or marginally incompetent velopharyngeal competence (OR = 0.244, P = < 0.001), compared to the average results of the other centres. No clear association between patient volume and speech outcome was observed.CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated the risk of a negative speech result if the last primary palatal surgery was performed after 25 months of age. Whether the cleft in the palate was closed in one or two stages did not affect speech outcome. The Swedish CLP registry can be used for open comparisons of treatment results to provide the basis for improvements of treatment methods. If deviating negative results are seen consistently at one centre, this information should be acted upon by further investigation and analysis, making changes to the treatment protocol as needed.
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| 10. |
- Lind, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of aquaporins from the euryhaline barnacle Balanus improvisus reveals differential expression in response to changes in salinity
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Barnacles are sessile macro-invertebrates, found along rocky shores in coastal areas worldwide. The euryhaline bay barnacle Balanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854) (= Amphibalanus improvisus) can tolerate a wide range of salinities, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the osmoregulatory capacity of this truly brackish species are not well understood. Aquaporins are pore-forming integral membrane proteins that facilitate transport of water, small solutes and ions through cellular membranes, and that have been shown to be important for osmoregulation in many organisms. The knowledge of the function of aquaporins in crustaceans is, however, limited and nothing is known about them in barnacles. We here present the repertoire of aquaporins from a thecostracan crustacean, the barnacle B. improvisus, based on genome and transcriptome sequencing. Our analyses reveal that B. improvisus contains eight genes for aquaporins. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they represented members of the classical water aquaporins (Aqp1, Aqp2), the aquaglyceroporins (Glp1, Glp2), the unorthodox aquaporin (Aqp12) and the arthropod-specific big brain aquaporin (Bib). Interestingly, we also found two big brain-like proteins (BibL1 and BibL2) constituting a new group of aquaporins not yet described in arthropods. In addition, we found that the two water-specific aquaporins were expressed as C-terminal splice variants. Heterologous expression of some of the aquaporins followed by functional characterization showed that Aqp1 transported water and Glp2 water and glycerol, agreeing with the predictions of substrate specificity based on 3D modeling and phylogeny. To investigate a possible role for the B. improvisus aquaporins in osmoregulation, mRNA expression changes in adult barnacles were analysed after long-term acclimation to different salinities. The most pronounced expression difference was seen for AQP1 with a substantial (>100-fold) decrease in the mantle tissue in low salinity (3 PSU) compared to high salinity (33 PSU). Our study provides a base for future mechanistic studies on the role of aquaporins in osmoregulation. © 2017 Lind et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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