| 1. |
- Reva, Viktor A., et al.
(författare)
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Extracorporeal Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (E-CPR) in Traumatic Cardiac Arrests Caused by Penetrating Thoracic Injuries : A Series of Two Cases
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of endovascular resuscitation and trauma management. - Örebro : Örebro University Hospital. - 2002-7567. ; 4:1, s. 63-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We present two cases of thoracic penetrating injuries that necessitated extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR).Methods: Two male patients were admitted to hospital within 20-25 min: one with a chest stab wound and the other with a gunshot injury. Upon ongoing CPR, patient #1 underwent resuscitative sternotomy. Bleeding from a right ventricle injury was controlled, but cardiac arrest (CA) re-occurred. Patient #2 underwent immediate surgery due to multiple rib fractures and massive hemopneumothorax, and experienced multiple CAs. Due to refractory asystole with ongoing CPR, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was initiated after 100 and 135 min, respectively. Primary lactate levels in cases #1 and #2 were 8 and 20 mmol/L, respectively.Results: In both cases, the femoral artery (17-19 Fr) and vein (25-27 Fr) were cannulated and connected to the Maquet ECMO circuit with a flow rate of 4-5 L/min. Return of spontaneous circulation was achieved within 20 min after ECMO initiation with relative stabilization. In patient #1, postoperative bleeding necessitated re-thoracotomy and hemorrhage control. In patient #2, left pulmonectomy and ligation of intercostal arteries was performed. 12/30 units of red blood cells, 16/45 units of fresh frozen plasma, and 2/8 units of platelets were given in cases #1/2, respectively. Lactate level increased to 25 mmol/L and decreased to 8 mmol/L in 5 hours, respectively. Both patients died in the ICU within 9 and 13 hours after admission due to bleeding.Conclusions: E-CPR allows vital function protection even in traumatic CA but necessitates appropriate resuscitation. If no bleeding control is achieved, then E-CPR is futile.
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| 2. |
- Kragh Sørensen, Lasse, et al.
(författare)
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Nature of the Anomalous Size Dependence of Resonance Red Shifts in Ultrafine Plasmonic Nanoparticles
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 126:39, s. 16804-16814
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasmonic red shifts of nanoparticles are commonly used in imaging technologies to probe the character of local environments, and the understanding of their dependence on size, shape, and surrounding media has therefore become an important target for research. The red shift of plasmon resonances changes character at about 8-10 nm of size for spherical gold nanoparticles-above this value, the red shift progresses linearly with particle size, while below this size, the red shift changes nonlinearly and more strongly with size. Using an atomistic discrete interaction model, we have studied the special properties of the nanoparticle surface layers and discovered its importance for ultrafine plasmonic nanoparticles and their red shifts. We find that the physical origin for the specific properties inherent to the surface layer of atoms near the nanoparticle boundary is related to the anisotropy of the local environment of atoms in this layer by other atoms. The anisotropy changes the conditions for light-induced nonlocal interactions of neighboring atoms with each other and with the incident radiation compared to the atoms located in the particle core with isotropic nearest surroundings by other atoms. The local anisotropy of the nanoparticle crystal lattice is a geometric factor that increases toward its boundary and that is the most fundamental factor underlying the physical differences between the nanoparticle surface layer and the core material. It is shown that the inflexion point at 8-10 nm is due to a change in the dominant physical origin of the red shift -from chaotization of atomically light-induced dipoles within the surface layer in the case of ultrafine nanoparticles to retardation effects for large nanoparticles in which the relative volume of the surface layer decreases rapidly to a negligible value with increasing nanoparticle size. The patterns revealed are the basis for predicting the manifestation of surface layer effects in ultrafine plasmonic nanoparticles of different and of different materials.
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| 3. |
- Reifarth, R., et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear astrophysics with radioactive ions at FAIR
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 665:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nucleosynthesis of elements beyond iron is dominated by neutron captures in the s and r processes. However, 32 stable, proton-rich isotopes cannot be formed during those processes, because they are shielded from the s-process flow and r-process beta-decay chains. These nuclei are attributed to the p and rp process. For all those processes, current research in nuclear astrophysics addresses the need for more precise reaction data involving radioactive isotopes. Depending on the particular reaction, direct or inverse kinematics, forward or time-reversed direction are investigated to determine or at least to constrain the desired reaction cross sections. The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will offer unique, unprecedented opportunities to investigate many of the important reactions. The high yield of radioactive isotopes, even far away from the valley of stability, allows the investigation of isotopes involved in processes as exotic as the r or rp processes.
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| 4. |
- Sørensen, Lasse K., et al.
(författare)
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Plasmonic Enhancement of Local Fields in Ultrafine Metal Nanoparticles
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 125:25, s. 13900-13908
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an analysis of ultrafine metallic nanoparticles (1-15 nm) with respect to electromagnetic field generation by plasmonic excitations. A number of structures with different symmetries and geometries are studied in order to analyze the distributions of plasmonically generated near-electric fields and the concentration of hot and cold spots around the particles. The study is made possible by the recent development of an extended discrete interaction model (Ex-DIM) where the explicit dependency of the plasmonic spectra on the structure and composition of particles in the range of 1-15 nm is accounted for. With the Ex-DIM, the optical response of the internal crystal structure of the nanoscale particles can be visualized, thereby making it possible to predict the dependence of the generated local fields with respect to the position of the particles relative to the external field polarization. The results indicate rather surprising concentrations of the plasmon fields in very confined hot spots also in cases when the particles retain a high symmetry. The consequence of the findings of this study when using small symmetric nanoparticles for near-field imaging is briefly discussed.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Vagovič, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Megahertz x-ray microscopy at x-ray free-electron laser and synchrotron sources
- 2019
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Ingår i: Optica. - 2334-2536. ; 6:9, s. 1106-1109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern emerging technologies, such as additive manufacturing, bioprinting, and new material production, require novel metrology tools to probe fundamental high-speed dynamics happening in such systems. Here we demonstrate the application of the megahertz (MHz) European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) to image the fast stochastic processes induced by a laser on water-filled capillaries with micrometer-scale spatial resolution. The EuXFEL provides superior contrast and spatial resolution compared to equivalent state-of-the-art synchrotron experiments. This work opens up new possibilities for the characterization of MHz stochastic processes on the nanosecond to microsecond time scales with object velocities up to a few kilometers per second using XFEL sources.
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| 7. |
- Zakomirnyi, Vadim, et al.
(författare)
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Collective lattice resonances in arrays of dielectric nanoparticles : a matter of size
- 2019
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Ingår i: Optics Letters. - : OSA - The Optical Society. - 0146-9592 .- 1539-4794. ; 44:23, s. 5743-5746
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collective lattice resonances (CLRs) in finite-sized 2Darrays of dielectric nanospheres have been studied via the coupled dipole approximation. We show that even for sufficiently large arrays, up to 100×100 nanoparticles (NPs),electric or magnetic dipole CLRs may differ significantly from the ones calculated for infinite arrays with the same NP sizes and interparticle distances. The discrepancy is explained by the existence of a sufficiently strong cross-interaction between electric and magnetic dipoles inducedat NPs in finite-sized lattices, which is ignored for infinite arrays. We support this claim numerically and propose an analytic model to estimate a spectral width of CLRs for finite-sized arrays. Given that most of the current theoretical and numerical researches on collective effects in arrays of dielectric NPs rely on modeling infinite structures, there ported findings may contribute to thoughtful and optimal design of inherently finite-sized photonic devices.
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| 8. |
- Zakomirnyi, Vadim I., et al.
(författare)
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Refractory titanium nitride two-dimensional structures with extremely narrow surface lattice resonances at telecommunication wavelengths
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 111:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regular arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles have brought significant attention over the last decade due to their ability to support localized surface plasmons (LSPs) and exhibit diffractive grating behavior simultaneously. For a specific set of parameters (i.e., period, particle shape, size, and material), it is possible to generate super-narrow surface lattice resonances (SLRs) that are caused by interference of the LSP and the grating Rayleigh anomaly. In this letter, we propose plasmonic structures based on regular 2D arrays of TiN nanodisks to generate high-Q SLRs in an important telecommunication range, which is quite difficult to achieve with conventional plasmonic materials. The position of the SLR peak can be tailored within the whole telecommunication bandwidth (from approximate to 1.26 mu m to approximate to 1.62 mu m) by varying the lattice period, while the Q-factor is controlled by changing nanodisk sizes. We show that the Q-factor of SLRs can reach a value of 2 x 10(3), which is the highest reported Q-factor for SLRs at telecommunication wavelengths so far. Tunability of optical properties, refractory behavior, and low-cost fabrication of TiN nanoparticles paves the way for manufacturing cheap nanostructures with extremely stable and adjustable electromagnetic response at telecommunication wavelengths for a large number of applications.
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