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- Tavakol, M, et al.
(författare)
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Diversity of malignancies in patients with different types of inborn errors of immunity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1710-1484. ; 18:1, s. 106-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic defects in the development, maturation, and/or function of the immune cells can lead to Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) which may predispose patients to malignancies. The overall risk for cancer in children with IEI ranges from 4 to 25% and the type of malignancy is highly dependent on the specific mutant gene underlying IEI. We investigated 3056 IEI patients registered in the Iranian national registry between the years 1999 and 2020 in this retrospective cohort study. The frequency of malignancy and its association with the type of IEI in these patients were evaluated. A total of 82 IEI patients with malignancy were enrolled in this study. Among them, predominantly lymphoma was the most common type of malignancy (67.1%), followed by leukemia (11%), and cancers of the head and neck (7.3%). Among identified lymphoma cancers, non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas were the most frequent type (43.9%) followed by different subtypes of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (23.2%). Solid tumors (18.3%) appeared to be very heterogeneous by type and localization. The correlation between the type of malignancy and survival status and the association between the type of malignancy and IEI entities were unremarkable. The awareness of the association between the presence of IEI and cancer highlights the importance of a synergistic effort by oncologists and immunologists in the early diagnosis of malignancy and personalized therapeutic strategies in IEI patients.
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- Hosseini-Hashemi, Sh., et al.
(författare)
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Free vibration analysis of functionally graded elliptical plates
- 2012
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Ingår i: International journal of Maritime Technology. - 2345-6000. ; 8:15, s. 43-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with a free vibration analysis of functionally graded elliptical plates with different classical boundary conditions on the basis of polynomial-Ritz method and classical plate theory. The proposed admissible function is capable to obtain accurate natural frequencies of various classical boundary conditions namely, clamped, free and simply supported edges. The mechanical properties of the FG plate are assumed to vary continuously through the thickness of the plate and obey a power law distribution of the volume fraction of the constituents. The convergency of applied polynomial-Ritz method is investigated. In order to verify the accuracy of the present solution, a comprehensive comparison study is performed with the available results in the literature for homogeneous elliptical plate and FG circular plate. Also, the numerical results of the present solution for FG elliptical plate are compared with those of the finite element method (FEM). Finally, the effects of the plate geometry and inhomogeneity on the natural frequencies are investigated and some vibrational mode shapes related to symmetric-symmetric, symmetric-antisymmetric, antisymmetric- symmetric and antisymmetric- antisymmetric states are presented.
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- Williams, Thomas E, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing Neurofilaments as Biomarkers of Neuroprotection in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: From the MS-STAT Randomized Controlled Trial.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation. - 2332-7812. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Improved biomarkers of neuroprotective treatment are needed in progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) to facilitate more efficient phase 2 trial design. The MS-STAT randomized controlled trial supported the neuroprotective potential of high-dose simvastatin in secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Here, we analyze serum from the MS-STAT trial to assess the extent to which neurofilament light (NfL) and neurofilament heavy (NfH), both promising biomarkers of neuroaxonal injury, may act as biomarkers of simvastatin treatment in SPMS.The MS-STAT trial randomized patients to 80 mg simvastatin or placebo. Serum was analyzed for NfL and NfH using Simoa technology. We used linear mixed models to investigate the treatment effects of simvastatin compared with placebo on NfL and NfH. Additional models examined the relationships between neurofilaments and MRI and clinical measures of disease severity.A total of 140 patients with SPMS were included. There was no evidence for a simvastatin treatment effect on NfL or NfH: compared with placebo, NfL was 1.2% lower (95% CI 10.6% lower to 9.2% higher; p = 0.820) and NfH was 0.4% lower (95% CI 18.4% lower to 21.6% higher; p = 0.969) in the simvastatin treatment group. Secondary analyses suggested that higher NfL was associated with greater subsequent whole brain atrophy, higher T2 lesion volume, and more new/enlarging T2 lesions in the previous 12 months, as well as greater physical disability. There were no significant associations between NfH and MRI or clinical variables.We found no evidence of a simvastatin treatment effect on serum neurofilaments. While confirmation of the neuroprotective benefits of simvastatin is awaited from the ongoing phase 3 study (NCT03387670), our results suggest that treatments capable of slowing the rate of whole brain atrophy in SPMS, such as simvastatin, may act via mechanisms largely independent of neuroaxonal injury, as quantified by NfL. This has important implications for the design of future phase 2 clinical trials in PMS.MS-STAT: NCT00647348.This study provides class I evidence that simvastatin treatment does not have a large impact on either serum NfL or NfH, as quantified in this study, in SPMS.
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