| 1. |
- Bellman, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Loading enhances glucose uptake in muscles, bones, and bone marrow of lower extremities in humans.
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - 1945-7197.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased standing time has been associated with improved health, but the underlying mechanism is unclear.We herein investigate if increased weight loading increases energy demand and thereby glucose uptake (GU) locally in bone and/or muscle in the lower extremities.In this single-center clinical trial with randomized crossover design (ClinicalTrials.gov ID, NCT05443620), we enrolled 10 men with body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 35kg/m2. Participants were treated with both high load (standing with weight vest weighing 11% of body weight) and no load (sitting) on the lower extremities. GU was measured using whole-body quantitative positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. The primary endpoint was the change in GU ratio between loaded bones (i.e. femur and tibia) and non-loaded bones (i.e. humerus).High load increased the GU ratio between lower and upper extremities in cortical diaphyseal bone (e.g. femur/humerus ratio increased by 19%, p=0.029), muscles (e.g. m. quadriceps femoris/m. triceps brachii ratio increased by 28%, p=0.014) and in certain bone marrow regions (femur/humerus diaphyseal bone marrow region ratio increased by 17%, p=0.041). Unexpectedly, we observed the highest GU in the bone marrow region of vertebral bodies, but its GU was not affected by high load.Increased weight-bearing loading enhances GU in muscles, cortical bone, and bone marrow of the exposed lower extremities. This could be interpreted as increased local energy demand in bone and muscle caused by increased loading. The physiological importance of the increased local GU by static loading remains to be determined.
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| 2. |
- Eskola, Olli, et al.
(författare)
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Tracer Level Electrophilic Synthesis and Pharmacokinetics of the Hypoxia Tracer [F-18]EF5
- 2012
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Ingår i: Molecular Imaging and Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1536-1632 .- 1860-2002. ; 14:2, s. 205-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 2-(2-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl)-acetamide labeled with [F-18]-fluorine ([F-18]EF5), a promising tracer for tumor hypoxia, has previously been synthesized in low yields and low specific radioactivity. In pharmacokinetic evaluations, in the presence of non-radioactive EF5, a uniform and low background uptake and high in vivo stability of [F-18]EF5 have been demonstrated. Our purpose was to increase the specific radioactivity of [F-18]EF5 to enable to study the pharmacokinetics at trace level. [F-18]EF5 was synthesized using high specific radioactivity electrophilic [F-18]F-2 as labelling reagent. Biodistribution of [F-18]EF5 was determined in a prostate tumor mouse model, and formation of radiolabelled metabolites was studied in mouse, rat and human plasma. On average, 595 +/- 153 MBq of [F-18]EF5 was produced. Specific radioactivity was 6.6 +/- 1.9 GBq/mu mol and the radiochemical purity exceeded 99.0%. [F-18]EF5 was distributed uniformly in tissues, with highest uptake in liver, kidney, and intestine. Several radiolabelled metabolites were detected in mouse plasma and tissues, whereas low amounts of metabolites were detected in human and rat plasma. [F-18]EF5 was synthesized by electrophilic labelling with high quality and high yields. Pharmacokinetics of [F-18]EF5 was determined at trace level in several species. Our results suggest that the trace-level approach does not affect the biodistribution of [F-18]EF5. Extensive metabolism was seen in mouse.
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| 3. |
- Garthwaite, Taru, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of sedentary time, physical activity, and fitness with muscle glucose uptake in adults with metabolic syndrome
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - West Sussex : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 33:3, s. 353-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the associations of sedentary time, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness with skeletal muscle glucose uptake (GU). Methods: Sedentary time and physical activity were measured with accelerometers and VO2max with cycle ergometry in 44 sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome. Thigh muscle GU was determined with [18F]FDG-PET imaging. Results: Sedentary time (β = −0.374), standing (β = 0.376), steps (β = 0.351), and VO2max (β = 0.598) were associated with muscle GU when adjusted for sex, age, and accelerometer wear time. Adjustment for body fat-% turned all associations non-significant. Conclusion: Body composition is a more important determinant of muscle GU in this population than sedentary time, physical activity, or fitness. © 2022 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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| 4. |
- Rauhala, Elina, et al.
(författare)
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Change in brain amyloid load and cognition in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment : a 3-year follow-up study
- 2022
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Ingår i: EJNMMI Research. - : Springer. - 2191-219X. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Our aim was to investigate the discriminative value of 18F-Flutemetamol PET in longitudinal assessment of amyloid beta accumulation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients, in relation to longitudinal cognitive changes.Methods: We investigated the change in 18F-Flutemetamol uptake and cognitive impairment in aMCI patients over time up to 3 years which enabled us to investigate possible association between changes in brain amyloid load and cognition over time. Thirty-four patients with aMCI (mean age 73.4 years, SD 6.6) were examined with 18F-Flutemetamol PET scan, brain MRI and cognitive tests at baseline and after 3-year follow-up or earlier if the patient had converted to Alzheimer´s disease (AD). 18F-Flutemetamol data were analyzed both with automated region-of-interest analysis and voxel-based statistical parametric mapping.Results: 18F-flutemetamol uptake increased during the follow-up, and the increase was significantly higher in patients who were amyloid positive at baseline as compared to the amyloid-negative ones. At follow-up, there was a significant association between 18F-Flutemetamol uptake and MMSE, logical memory I (immediate recall), logical memory II (delayed recall) and verbal fluency. An association was seen between the increase in 18F-Flutemetamol uptake and decline in MMSE and logical memory I scores.Conclusions: In the early phase of aMCI, presence of amyloid pathology at baseline strongly predicted amyloid accumulation during follow-up, which was further paralleled by cognitive declines. Inversely, some of our patients remained amyloid negative also at the end of the study without significant change in 18F-Flutemetamol uptake or cognition. Future studies with longer follow-up are needed to distinguish whether the underlying pathophysiology of aMCI in such patients is other than AD.
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| 5. |
- Ruokolainen, Olli, et al.
(författare)
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ÖMPSQ-short score and determinants of chronic pain : cross-sectional results from a middle-aged birth cohort
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Edizioni Minerva Medica. - 1973-9087 .- 1973-9095. ; 54:1, s. 34-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPSQ) was developed to identify patients at risk of developing work disability due to pain. So far, neither the ÖMPSQ nor its short version (ÖMSPQ-short) have been tested in population-based samples.AIM: We examined the associations between several well-known determinants for chronic pain and ÖMPSQ-short score.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: All measurements and tests were made at the University of Oulu.POPULATION: Subjects belonging to the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 answered a questionnaire at the age of 46 years (n=5637).METHODS: The questionnaire included the ÖMPSQ-short as well as questions about smoking, education, location, number of pain sites, and physical activity. In addition, body weight and height were measured in order to calculate the body mass index.RESULTS: In multivariate logistic regression analysis, reporting 4-5 pain sites (females OR 3.4; males 3.0), ≥6 pain sites (females OR 12.4; males 7.4) and current smoking (females 1.8; males 2.6) were associated with being classified into the ÖMPSQ high risk group. In females, also obesity (OR 1.6) and less than 9 years of education (2.7) were associated with higher ÖMPSQ score. The frequency of physical activity was not associated with the ÖMPSQ score.CONCLUSIONS: High number of pain sites and smoking among both genders, and obesity and low education level among females is associated with higher ÖMPSQ scores. Therefore, the ÖMPSQ-short may be a working instrument for also screening the general population.CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: Results of this study may improve the detection of patients at high risk of developing work disability due to pain.
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| 6. |
- Sjöros, Tanja, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of a 6-month intervention aimed to reduce sedentary time on skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity : a randomized controlled trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism. - Rockville, MD : American Physiological Society. - 0193-1849 .- 1522-1555. ; 325:2, s. E152-E162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sedentary behavior (SB) and physical inactivity associate with impaired insulin sensitivity. We investigated whether an intervention aimed at a 1-h reduction in daily SB during 6 mo would improve insulin sensitivity in the weight-bearing thigh muscles. Forty-four sedentary inactive adults [mean age 58 (SD 7) yr; 43% men] with metabolic syndrome were randomized into intervention and control groups. The individualized behavioral intervention was supported by an interactive accelerometer and a mobile application. SB, measured with hip-worn accelerometers in 6-s intervals throughout the 6-mo intervention, decreased by 51 (95% CI 22-80) min/day and physical activity (PA) increased by 37 (95% CI 18-55) min/day in the intervention group with nonsignificant changes in these outcomes in the control group. Insulin sensitivity in the whole body and in the quadriceps femoris and hamstring muscles, measured with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp combined with [18F]fluoro-deoxy-glucose PET, did not significantly change during the intervention in either group. However, the changes in hamstring and whole body insulin sensitivity correlated inversely with the change in SB and positively with the changes in moderate-to-vigorous PA and daily steps. In conclusion, these results suggest that the more the participants were able to reduce their SB, the more their individual insulin sensitivity increased in the whole body and in the hamstring muscles but not in quadriceps femoris. However, according to our primary randomized controlled trial results, this kind of behavioral interventions targeted to reduce sedentariness may not be effective in increasing skeletal muscle and whole body insulin sensitivity in people with metabolic syndrome at the population level.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aiming to reduce daily SB by 1 h/day had no impact on skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in the weight-bearing thigh muscles. However, successfully reducing SB may increase insulin sensitivity in the postural hamstring muscles. This emphasizes the importance of both reducing SB and increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity to improve insulin sensitivity in functionally different muscles of the body and thus induce a more comprehensive change in insulin sensitivity in the whole body.
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