| 1. |
- Abourraja, Mohamed Nezar, et al.
(författare)
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A Data-Driven Discrete Event Simulation Model to Improve Emergency Department Logistics
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2022 Winter Simulation Conference. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Demands for health care are becoming overwhelming for healthcare systems around the world regarding theavailability of resources, particularly, in emergency departments (EDs) that are continuously open and mustserve immediately any patient who comes in. Efficient management of EDs and their resources is requiredmore than ever. This could be achieved either by optimizing resource utilization or by the improvement ofhospital layout. This paper investigates, through data-driven simulation alternative designs of workflowsand layouts to operate the ED of the Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden. Results are analyzed tounderstand the requirements across the hospital for reduced waiting times in the ED. The main observationrevealed that introducing a new ward dedicated to patients having complex diagnoses with a capacity ofless than 20 beds leads to lower waiting times. Furthermore, the use of data-mining was of great help inreducing the efforts of building the simulation model.
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| 2. |
- Bäck-Pettersson, Siv, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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FOU-kompetensförsörjningsprogram för sjuksköterskor i Fyrbodal
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sammanfattning Betydelsen av FoU-kompetensförsörjningsprogrammet som varit en medveten och strategisk satsning inom FoU-området kan sammanfattas på följande sätt: Deltagarnas behållning och föreskriven akademisk utveckling har haft en närmast hundraprocentig måluppfyllelse och gett kliniskt verksamma sjuksköterskor en bra start på sin akademiska karriär. Programmet illustrerar ett effektivt sätt att stimulera sjuksköterskors livslånga lärande genom att bygga upp förmågan att genomföra och tillämpa omvårdnadsforskning i klinisk praktik. Programmet har också bidragit till utvecklingen av kompetenta handledare för studenter under utbildning. Flertalet av deltagarna har utvecklat både en önskan om och kompetens för att ta på sig ledande uppdrag såväl inom den egna verksamheten som i gränsöverskridande projekt både inom Fyrbodal och nationellt. Programmet har medverkat till att bryta revirtänkande och kan bidra till en mer öppen och gränsöverskridande kultur inom Fyrbodalområdets hälso- och sjukvård. Det har även medverkat till att deltagarna skaffat sig en helhetssyn på och förståelse för olika vårdverksamheter. Programmets design kan användas för att utveckla såväl professionell som vetenskaplig kompetens och kan med fördel användas inom andra yrkesgrupper med medellång vårdutbildning, eller för en tvärprofessionell grupp.
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| 3. |
- Ceberg, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of breathing interplay effects during VMAT by using 3D gel measurements
- 2013
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Ingår i: 7th International Conference on 3D Radiation Dosimetry (IC3DDose). - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 444, s. 012098-012098
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Respiratory motion during dynamic radiotherapy may affect the absorbed dose distribution both by dose-reducing smoothing and by more complicated interplay effects. In this study we present a novel method to determine the relative importance of these two effects. For the two dynamic deliveries studied in this work, the expected target dose reduction due to the smoothing effect was estimated by measurements convolved by the motion function. Remaining absorbed dose differences were attributed to interplay effects between the motion of the gel phantom and the movement of the modulating MLC leaves during modulated arc radiotherapy. The total dosimetric effect due to breathing motion and dynamic MLC motion during VMAT delivery resulted in an average of about 4% target dose reduction. Comparing with only the smoothing effect, the average difference was decreased to around 1%, and the remaining distribution was attributed to interplay effects. Although the interplay effects were small compared to the smoothing effect, the standard deviations of 1.4-2.3% (1SD) were larger than the narrow distribution for repeated stationary measurement with a standard deviation between 0.5-0.9% (1SD).
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| 4. |
- Ceberg, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Tumor-tracking radiotherapy of moving targets; verification using 3D polymer gel, 2D ion-chamber array and biplanar diode array
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 250:1, s. 235-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to carry out a dosimetric verification of a dynamic multileaf collimator (DMLC)-based tumor-tracking delivery during respiratory-like motion. The advantage of tumor-tracking radiation delivery is the ability to allow a tighter margin around the target by continuously following and adapting the dose delivery to its motion. However, there are geometric and dosimetric uncertainties associated with beam delivery system constraints and output variations, and several investigations have to be accomplished before a clinical integration of this tracking technique. Two types of delivery were investigated in this study I) a single beam perpendicular to a target with a one dimensional motion parallel to the MLC moving direction, and II) an intensity modulated arc delivery (RapidArc®) with a target motion diagonal to the MLC moving direction. The feasibility study (I) was made using an 2D ionisation chamber array and a true 3D polymer gel. The arc delivery (II) was verified using polymer gel and a biplanar diode array. Good agreement in absorbed dose was found between delivery to a static target and to a moving target with DMLC tracking using all three detector systems. However, due to the limited spatial resolution of the 2D array a detailed comparison was not possible. The RapidArc® plan delivery was successfully verified using the biplanar diode array and true 3D polymer gel, and both detector systems could verify that the DMLC-based tumor-tracking delivery system has a very good ability to account for respiratory target motion.
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| 5. |
- Clark, Andrew G., et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 450:7167, s. 203-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparative analysis of multiple genomes in a phylogenetic framework dramatically improves the precision and sensitivity of evolutionary inference, producing more robust results than single-genome analyses can provide. The genomes of 12 Drosophila species, ten of which are presented here for the first time (sechellia, simulans, yakuba, erecta, ananassae, persimilis, willistoni, mojavensis, virilis and grimshawi), illustrate how rates and patterns of sequence divergence across taxa can illuminate evolutionary processes on a genomic scale. These genome sequences augment the formidable genetic tools that have made Drosophila melanogaster a pre-eminent model for animal genetics, and will further catalyse fundamental research on mechanisms of development, cell biology, genetics, disease, neurobiology, behaviour, physiology and evolution. Despite remarkable similarities among these Drosophila species, we identified many putatively non-neutral changes in protein-coding genes, non-coding RNA genes, and cis-regulatory regions. These may prove to underlie differences in the ecology and behaviour of these diverse species.
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| 6. |
- Falk, Hans, 1949-
(författare)
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"Socialistprästen" : H.F. Spak (1876-1926)
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present thesis is based on the life and works of H.F. Spak, known as ”the socialist priest”. He started out as a conservative priest, became a Social Democrat and was forced to resign from the church in 1911. He became a leftwing agitator and later a Communist and atheist.In his earlier days H.F. Spak tried to combine Christianity with Socialism, claiming that the two shared the same faith.The quest for justice and for equality seemed for him all the same, as well as the final goal: to establish the kingdom of God on earth. After his resignation from the church, he became increasingly influenced by non-Christian thinkers like Karl Marx naturally, but also Charles Darwin and Friedrich Nietzsche and others. These new influences he tried to combine with the message av Jesus Christ, who gradually lost lois role as a saviour of souls and became the ideal man, another in the line of the great heroes in human history, alongside men lika Buddha, Babeuf and Lenin.In the beginning of the 1920 he abandoned the last remnants of Christianity. Gods was replaced by History, which, in his deterministic view, as God ruled everything: society as well as and the minds of every human being. At last he even lost his faith in History and the future communist society. He left the Communist Party of Sweden and six month after that he died.The life and works of H.F. Spak are here mainly seen as an illustrative example of the efforts to combine Christianity and Socialism and even more of the similarities between the two doctrines: Socialism as a secular religion.
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| 7. |
- Falk, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Automatic legato transcription based on onset detection
- 2023
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Ingår i: SMC 2023. - : Sound and Music Computing Network. ; , s. 214-221
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on the transcription of performance expression and in particular, legato slurs for solo violin performance. This can be used to improve automatic music transcription and enrich the resulting notations with expression markings. We review past work in expression detection, and find that while legato detection has been explored its transcription has not. We propose a method for demarcating the beginning and ending of slurs in a performance by combining pitch and onset information produced by ScoreCloud (a music notation software with transcription capabilities) with articulated onsets detected by a convolutional neural network. To train this system, we build a dataset of solo bowed violin performance featuring three different musicians playing several exercises and tunes. We test the resulting method on a small collection of recordings of the same excerpt of music performed by five different musicians. We find that this signal-based method works well in cases where the acoustic conditions do not interfere largely with the onset strengths. Further work will explore data augmentation for making the articulation detection more robust, as well as an end-to-end solution.
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| 8. |
- Falk, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Brain area-specific effect of TGF-beta signaling on Wnt-dependent neural stem cell expansion
- 2008
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Ingår i: Cell Stem Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1934-5909. ; 2:5, s. 472-483
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regulating the choice between neural stem cell maintenance versus differentiation determines growth and size of the developing brain. Here we identify TGF-beta signaling as a crucial factor controlling these processes. At early developmental stages, TGF-beta signal activity is localized close to the ventricular surface of the neuroepithelium. In the midbrain, but not in the forebrain, Tgfbr2 ablation results in ectopic expression of Wnt1/beta-catenin and FGF8, activation of Wnt target genes, and increased proliferation and horizontal expansion of neuroepithelial cells due to shortened cell-cycle length and decreased cell-cycle exit. Consistent with this phenotype, self-renewal of mutant neuroepithelial stem cells is enhanced in the presence of FGF and requires Wnt signaling. Moreover, TGF-beta signal activation counteracts Wnt-incluced proliferation of midbrain neuroepithelial cells. Thus, TGF-beta signaling controls the size of a specific brain area, the dorsal midbrain, by antagonizing canonical Wnt signaling and negatively regulating self-renewal of neuroepithelial stem cells.
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| 9. |
- Falk, Thomas, 1964-
(författare)
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Safety Reviews of Technical System Modifications in the Nuclear Industry
- 2013
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The function of safety reviews (here understood as expert judgements on proposals for design modifications and redesign of technical systems in commercial Nuclear Power Plants, supported by formalised safety review processes) plays a fundamental role for safety in nuclear installations. The primary aims of the presented case studies includes: critically examining and identifying the main areas for improvement of the existing technical safety review process as it is conducted at a Swedish nuclear power plant, developing a new process, and evaluating whether any improvements were accomplished. By using qualitative methods, observation/participation and interviews, data has been gathered on how the safety review process is perceived and conducted by experts involved in the safety review process, and ways to improve this process have been developed. This area is neglected in the larger safety literature. The novel approach here is to gather data directly from those involved in the safety review process, analysis of safety review reports as well as from inspection reports by the regulatory authority.The study presented in paper I shows that the partition between primary and independent review is positive, having supplementary roles with different focus and staff with different skills and perspectives making the reviews. The study identifies a number of areas for improvement, such as: - a tendency to put too much resource on minor assignments - a clearer prioritization would improve focus on the most critical projects - there is a need for improved guidance and direction for how to structure the work It is argued that future applications of safety review processes should focus more on communicating and clarifying the process and its adherent requirements, and improve the feedback system within the process. It is also recommended that the NPPs create introductory training for new reviewersThe study presented in paper II concluded that grading of the primary safety review reports facilitates improved experience feedback by providing easier access to good examples for reviewers. Improvements identified by implementing the revised process are primarily linked to the independent safety review function, including better planning and means for resource allocation as well as clearer and more unambiguous supporting instructions. Introduction of formalized independent review meetings provides increased exchange of knowledge and strengthened the independent safety review function in the organization.
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| 10. |
- Falk, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Personality and trait aggression profiles of male and female prison inmates
- 2017
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Ingår i: Psychiatry Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1781 .- 1872-7123. ; 250, s. 302-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gender specific personality profiles in association with the level of aggressive antisocial behavior in offenders have not been previously investigated. In the present study we analyzed data collected from 65 male and 50 female offenders using structured protocols regarding criminal history (by criminal register data), trait aggression (by the Life History of Aggression (LHA) questionnaire), and personality profiles (by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI)). Prison inmates differed significantly on several personality dimensions, most pronouncedly were they characterized with low character maturity (low scores in the Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness dimensions of TCI) when compared to gender and age matched controls of the general population. The majority of offenders scored distinctively high on trait aggression. There were moderate to strong associations between the personality dimensions and each of the subscales of LHA (Aggression, Self-directed Aggression and Antisocial behavior). These associations were stronger in the female offender sample. Trait aggression could be best explained by a model, which included male gender, younger age, high novelty seeking temperament and low character maturity. Our results suggest that therapies aiming at strengthening self-governance and increasing cooperativeness (focusing on character maturity) may alleviate aggressive antisocial behavior in offenders.
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